A.comrade, companion, in Hom. esp. of the followers of a chief, comrades-in-arms, Il.1.179, al.; messmate, 17.577 ; fellowslave, Od.14.407, al.: joined with ἀνήρ, 8.584, Hdt.5.95, Antipho 1.18 ; later, as a term of address, “φίλ᾽ ἑταῖρε” Thgn.753, cf. Pl.Grg. 482a ; ὦταῖρε Scol. ap. Ar.V.1238, cf.Ev.Matt.20.13, al.: c. gen., δᾳιτὸς ἑταῖρε partner of my feast, h.Merc.436 ; νυκτὸς ἑ. ib.290 ; πόσιος καὶ βρώσιος ἑταῖροι messmates, Thgn.115 ; “ἑ. ἐν πρήγματι” Id.116.
2. metaph., of things, ἐσθλὸς ἑταῖρος, of a fair wind, Od.11.7, 12.149 ; “φθόνος κενεοφρόνων ἑ.” Pi.Fr.212 ; “γέλως ἑ. ὕβρεων” Plu.2.622b : c. dat., “βίον..τὸν σοφοῖς ἕταρον” AP7.470 (Mel.).
3. pupil, disciple, e.g. of Socrates, X.Mem.2.8.1, al., cf. Arist.Pol.1274a28 ; “Λεύκιππος καὶ ὁ ἑ. αὐτοῦ Δημόκριτος” Id.Metaph.985b4 : pl., fellow-pupils, Poll.4.45.
4. of political partisans (cf. “ἑταιρεία” 1.2), Lys.12.43, Th.8.48 ; οἱ περὶ αὐτὸν ἑ. his club-mates, D.21.20.
5. members of a religious guild, OGI573.1 (Cilicia, Jewish).
6. rarely of lovers, Semon.7.49, Ar.Ec.912 (lyr.).
7. ἑταῖροι, οἱ, the guards, i.e. the cavalry of the Macedonian kings, Theopomp.Hist.217, Anaximen.Lamps. ap.Harp. s.v. πεζέταιρος, Arr.An.3.16.11, etc.; to be distinguished from the king's immediate retinue (cf. supr. 1), Theopomp. l.c., Arr. An.2.12.6, al.; of the Comites of the Roman Emperor, Βαρβίλλῳ τῷ ἐμῷ ἑτέρῳ (sic) PLond.1912.105 (Epist. Claudii), cf.SIG798.6 (Cyzicus, i A. D., pl.).
8. as Adj., associate of, “τὸ ἐπιθυμητικὸν ἡδονῶν ἑ.” Pl.R.439d : Sup., τοῖς σεαυτοῦ ἑταιροτάτοις your closest companions, Id.Grg.487d, cf. Phd.89e, D.Chr.1.44 ; σαργῶν γένος πέτρῃσιν ἑ. constant to the rocks, Opp.H.4.267 : abs., of animals, gregarious, Id.C.2.325.
II. ἑταίρα , Ion. ἑταίρη , Ep. ἑτάρη [α^], ἡ, companion, “Ἔρις..Ἄρεος..κασιγνήτη ἑτάρη τε” Il.4.441 ; “Λάτω καὶ Νιόβα μάλα μὲν φίλαι ἦσαν ἔ.” Sapph.31, cf. 11 ; “φύζα, φόβου κρυόεντος ἑ.” Il.9.2 ; “φόρμιγξ.. ἣν ἄρα δαιτὶ θεοὶ ποίησαν ἑ.” Od.17.271, cf. h.Merc.478 ; “Νίκην, ἣ χορικῶν ἐστιν ἑ.” Ar.Eq.589 ; “μιμητικὴ..τῷ ἐν ἡμῖν ἑ. καὶ φίλη ἐστί” Pl.R.603b ; Ποσειδάωνος ἑ., of a submerged city, Call.Del.101.
