I. of mere Sequence, without any notion of cause, thereupon, thereafter, then, freq. from Hom. downwds., as Il.1.48, 2.169, etc.: when in strong opposition to the former act or state, with past tenses, thereafter, afterwards; with future, hereafter, “ἢ πέφατ᾽ ἢ καὶ ἔ. πεφήσεται” Il.15.140; opp. αὐτίκα νῦν, 23.551; ὃς δ᾽ ἔπειτ᾽ ἔφυ, opp. ὅστις πάροιθεν ἦν, A.Ag.171 (lyr.): in Hom.freq. with other Advs., “αὐτίκ᾽ ἔ.” Il.5.214; αἶψα, ὦκα ἔ., 24.783, 18.527; even “ἔνθα . . ἔ.” Od.10.297; “δὴ ἔ.” 8.378: usu. with reference to a former act, just then, at the time, 1.106; freq. in narrative, “πρῶτα μὲν . ., αὐτὰρ ἔ.” Il.16.497; πρῶτον μέν . ., folld. by ἔ. δέ . ., Th.2.55, Pl.Ap.18a, etc.; by ἔ. alone, Th.1.33, etc.; by ἔ. δέ . . ἔ. δέ . . ἔ . . ., X.Cyr.1.3.14; ἐπεὶ δέ . . ἔ . . . ἔ . . . ἔ. δέ, ib.8.3.24, al.; “πρὶν μέν . ., ἔ. δέ . .” S.El.724; “ἔ. γε” Pl.Tht.147c, etc., f.l. in Ar.Th. 556; κἄπειτα, freq. in Trag., S.Aj.61, 305, etc.
2. c. Art., τὸ ἔ. what follows, “τό τ᾽ ἔ. καὶ τὸ μέλλον καὶ τὸ πρίν” Id.Ant.611 (lyr.); “τά τε πρῶτα, τά τ᾽ ἔ., ὅσα τ᾽ ἔμελλε τυχεῖν” E.IT1265 (lyr.); “οἱ ἔ.” future generations, A.Eu.672; “ὁ ἔ. βίος” Pl.Phd.116a; “εἰς τὸν ἔ. χρόνον” Id.Phlb.39e, X.Cyr.1.5.9, OGI90.43 (Rosetta, ii B.C.); “ἡ ἐς τὸ ἔ. δόξα” Th.2.64; “ἐν τῷ ἔ.” Pl.Phd.67d; “ἐκ τοῦ ποτὲ εἰς τὸ ἔ.” Id.Prm. 152b.
3. like εἶτα, with a finite Verb after a participle, μειδήσασα δ᾽ ἔ. ἑῷ ἐγκάτθετο κόλπῳ she smiled and then placed it in her bosom, Il.14.223, cf. 11.730, etc.: freq. in Trag. and Att., A.Th.267, Eu.29, Pl.Phd.82c: so freq. when part. and Verb are opposed, marking surprise or the like , and then, and yet, nevertheless, “τὸ μητρὸς αἷμα . . ἐκχέας πέδοι ἔ. δώματ᾽ οἰκήσει πατρός;” A.Eu.654, cf. 438; “χὤταν ἐν κακοῖσί τις ἁλοὺς ἔ. τοῦτο καλλύνειν θέλῃ” S.Ant.496; “ὅστις ἀνθρώπου φύσιν βλαστὼν ἔ. μὴ κατ᾽ ἄνθρωπον φρονῇ” Id.Aj.761; “εἰ πτωχὸς ὢν ἔπειτ᾽ ἐν Ἀθηναίοις λέγειν μέλλω” Ar.Ach.498, cf. Av.29, Pl.Grg.519e, Prt.319d: adversatively, answering “μέν, πολλάκις μὲν ὥρμα . ., ἔ . . . διεκωλύετο” Id.R.336b; “ἔτι μὲν ἐνεχείρησα . ., ἔ . . .” Id.Prt.310c, etc.; also κἄπειτα after a part., Ar.Nu.624, Av.536; cf. “εἶτα” 1.2.
4. in apodosi (never at the beginning of the clause; in Hom. freq. strengthd. by other Particles):
a. after a Temporal Conj., then, thereafter, ἐπεὶ δὴ σφαίρῃ πειρήσαντο, ὀρχείσθην δὴ ἔ. when they had done playing at ball, then they danced, Od.8.378; after ἐπεί, Il.16.247; “ἐπὴν . . δὴ ἔ.” Od.11.121; ὁπότε, Il.18.545; ὅτε, 3.223; “ὡς . . ἄρ᾽ ἔ.” 10.522; “ἦμος . . καὶ τότ᾽ ἔ.” 1.478.
b. after a Conditional Conj., then surely, εἰ δ᾽ ἐτεὸν δὴ . . ἀγορεύεις, ἐξ ἄρα δή τοι ἔ. θεοὶ φρένας ὤλεσαν if thou speakest sooth, then of a surety have the gods infatuated thee, 7.360, cf. 10.453, Od.1.290, etc.; so after ἤν, Il.9.394; also when the apodosis takes the form of a question, εἰ μὲν δὴ ἕταρόν γε κελεύετέ μ᾽ αὐτὸν ἑλέσθαι, πῶς ἂν ἔ. Ὀδυσῆος λαθοίμην; how can I in such a case? 10.243; when a condition is implied in relat. Pron., ὃν ( = εἴ τινα）“ μέν κ᾽ ἐπιεικὲς ἀκουέμεν, οὔ τις ἔ. τόν γ᾽ εἴσεται” 1.547; ὃν ( = εἴ τινα）“ δέ κ᾽ ἐγὼν ἀπάνευθε μάχης ἐθέλοντα νοήσω μιμνάζειν, οὔ οἱ ἔ. ἄρκιον ἐσσεῖται” 2.392.
II. of Sequence in thought, i.e. Consequence or Inference, then, therefore, “ξεῖν᾽, ἐπεὶ ἂρ δὴ ἔ . . . μενεαίνεις” Od.17.185, cf. Il.15.49, 18.357; “οὐ σύ γ᾽ ἔ. Τυδέος ἔκγονός ἐσσι” 5.812; rarely at the beginning, “ἔπειθ᾽ ἑλοῦ γε θάτερα” S.El.345.
3. in Att. freq. to introduce emphatic questions, why then . . ? “ἔ. τοῦ δέει;” Ar.Pl.827, cf. Th.188, Nu.226; mostly to express surprise, or to sneer, and so forsooth . .? and so really . .? ἔ. οὐκ οἴει φροντίζειν [τοὺς θεοὺς τῶν ἀνθρώπων]; X.Mem.1.4.11; so “κἄπειτα” E. Med.1398 (anap.), Ar.Ach.126, Av.963, X.Smp.4.2; freq. with δῆτα added, “ἔ. δῆτα δοῦλος ὢν κόμην ἔχεις;” Ar.Av.911, cf. 1217, Lys.985, E.Alc.822.
