previous next
ἐχθρός , ά, όν, (ἔχθος)
A.hated, hateful, of persons and things, freq. from Hom. downwds. (Hom. has it only in this pass. sense); “ἐ. γάρ μοι κεῖνος ὁμῶς Ἀΐδαο πύλῃσι” Od.14.156, Il.9.312; ἐχθρὸν δέ μοί ἐστιν c.inf., 'tis hateful to me to . . , Od.12.452; “θεοῖσιν ἐ.” Hes.Th. 766, Thgn.601, Ar.Eq.34; “ὁ θεοῖσιν ἐ.” Pl.Com.74, etc.; cf. θεοισεχθρός.
II. Act., hating, hostile, first in Hes. and Pi. (v. infr. 111), τινι D.10.11, X.Ages.6.1, etc.: c. gen., ὕβριος ἐχθρὰν ὁδόν averse from insolence, Pi.O.7.90: abs., “ἐ. γλῶσσα” A.Ch.309 (anap.); “ὀργαί” Id.Eu.937 (anap.), etc.; “ἀστέρες” Vett.Val.143.5.
III. as Subst., ἐχθρός, ὁ, enemy, where the act. and pass. senses freq. coincide, Hes.Op.342, Pi.P.2.84, etc.; “ἀνὴρ ἐ.” Hdt.1.92; “ὁ Διὸς ἐ.” A.Pr.120 (anap.); “ἐχθροῖς ἐχθρὰ πορσύνων” Id.Ag.1374; “εἴ . . τινα ἴδοι ἐχθρὸν ἑαυτοῦ” Th.4.47; “οἱ ἐμοὶ ἐ.” Id.6.89, etc.—Acc. to Ammon.Diff.p.63 V., ἐχθρός is one who has been φίλος, but is alienated; πολέμιος one who is at war; δυσμενής one who has long been alienated and refuses to be reconciled.
IV. regul. Comp. “ἐχθρότερος” D.Prooem.40.3, AP5.160 (Hedyl. or Asclep.); Sup. -ότατος Pi.N.1.65, S.OT1346 (lyr.), D.19.300: but more freq. irreg. ἐχθίων, ἔχθιστος (qq.v.).
V. Adv. “ἐχθρῶς, μισοῦντες” Pl.Lg.697d, etc.: Comp. -οτέρως D.5.18: Sup. -ότατα Id.23.149.
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

The National Endowment for the Humanities provided support for entering this text.

hide Dictionary Entry Lookup
Use this tool to search for dictionary entries in all lexica.
Search for in
How to enter text in Greek:
hide References (21 total)
  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (21):
    • Aeschylus, Agamemnon, 1374
    • Aeschylus, Eumenides, 937
    • Aeschylus, Libation Bearers, 309
    • Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound, 120
    • Aristophanes, Knights, 34
    • Demosthenes, Exordia, 40.3
    • Demosthenes, Philippic 4, 11
    • Demosthenes, On the Peace, 18
    • Demosthenes, On the False Embassy, 300
    • Demosthenes, Against Aristocrates, 149
    • Herodotus, Histories, 1.92
    • Hesiod, Theogony, 766
    • Hesiod, Works and Days, 342
    • Homer, Iliad, 9.312
    • Homer, Odyssey, 12.452
    • Homer, Odyssey, 14.156
    • Plato, Laws, 697d
    • Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus, 1346
    • Thucydides, Histories, 4.47
    • Thucydides, Histories, 6.89
    • Xenophon, Agesilaus, 6.1
hide Display Preferences
Greek Display:
Arabic Display:
View by Default:
Browse Bar: