previous next
γε , Dor. and Boeot. γα , enclitic Particle, giving emphasis to the word or words which it follows.
I. with single words, at least, at any rate, but often only to be rendered by italics in writing, or emphasis in pronunciation: τὸ γὰρ . . σιδήρου γε κράτος ἐστίν such is the power of iron, Od.9.393; εἴ που πτωχῶν γε θεοὶ . . εἰσίν if the poor have any gods to care for them, 17.475; “μάλιστά γε4.366; γ᾽ ἐνθάδε λεώς at any rate the people here, S.OC42, etc.: with negs., οὐ δύο γε not even two, Il.5.303, 20.286; οὔκουν φθόγγος γε not the least sound, E.IA9.
2. with Pronouns: with Pron. of 1st Pers. so closely joined, that the accent is changed, in ἔγωγε, ἔμοιγε (also ἔγωγα Lacon., but ἐγώνγα, ἰώνγα Boeot.): in Hom. freq. with Art. used as Pron., v. γε: with demonstr. Pronouns, κεῖνός γε, τοῦτό γε, etc.: in Com. coalescing with -ί final, “αὑτηγίAr.Ach.784; τουτογί, ταυταγί, etc., Id.V.781, Pax1057, etc. (but “ἐνγεταυθίTh.646): after possess. Pronouns, “ἐμόν γε θυμόνIl.20.425, etc.: freq. after relat. Pronouns, ὅς γε, οἵ γε, etc., “οἵ γέ σου καθύβρισανS.Ph.1364; “ὅς γ᾽ ἐξέλυσας δασμόνId.OT35, etc.; ὅσον γε χρῄζεις even as much as . . , ib.365; “οἷόν γέ μοι φαίνεταιPl.R.329a: rarely with interrog. Pronouns, “τίνα γε . . εἶπας; E.Tr.241; “ποίου γε τούτου πλήν γ᾽ Ὀδυσσέως ἐρεῖς; S.Ph.441.
3. after Conjunctions, to emphasize the modification or condition introduced by the subjoined clause, πρίν γε, before at least, sts. repeated, “οὐ μὲν . . ὀΐω πρίν γ᾽ ἀποπαύσεσθαι, πρίν γε . . αἵματος ἆσαι ἈρῆαIl.5.288, cf. Od.2.127; πρὶν ἄν γε or πρίν γ᾽ ἄν, Ar.Eq.961, Ra.78, etc.; “ὅτε γεPl.Phd.84e; “ὁπότε γεS.OC1699; “ἐπεί γεX.An.1.3.9; “ἐπειδή γεTh.6.18; “ὅπου γεX.Cyr.2.3.11; εἴ γε, ἐάν γε, if that is to say, if really, Th.6.18, Pl.Phdr.25<*>c; also simply to lay stress on the condition, κἄν γε μὴ λέγω and if I do not . . , Ar.Ach.317; εἴπερ γε if at any rate, Hdt.7.16.γ́, 143, etc.; ὥστε γε (v.l. ὥς γε), with inf., so far at least as to . . , Pl.Phdr.230b; “ὥς γ᾽ ἐμοὶ χρῆσθαι κριτῇE.Alc.801; ὥς γε or ὥσπερ γε as at least, S.Ant.570, OT715, etc.:—γε may follow τε, when τε is closely attached to the preceding word, “ὡς οἷόν τέ γε μάλισταX.Mem.4.5.2, Pl.R.412b; “ἐάντε γεId.Plt.293d; “οἵ τέ γεId.Grg. 454e:—for its use in opposed or disjunctive clauses, v. infr. 11.3.
4. after other Particles, καὶ μὴν . . γε, οὐ μὴν . . γε, with words intervening, X.Mem.1.4.12, E.Alc.518, etc.; after ἄν in apodosi, when preceded by οὐ or καί, Id.Ph.1215, Or.784; ἄταρ . . γε but yet, Ar.Ach. 448; καίτοι γε, v. καί τοι; ἀλλά γε (without intervening words) is f.l. in Pl.Hp.Ma.287b (leg. ἀλλ᾽ ἄγε), R.331b (ἀλλά γε ἕν codd., “ἀλλὰ ἕν γεStob.); ἀλλά γε δή dub. in Id.Phdr.262a; later, Plu.2.394c, Ael.NA10.49 codd.: but,
5. when preceding other Particles, γε commonly refers to the preceding word, while the Particle retains its own force: but sts. modifies the sense of the following Particle, γε μήν nevertheless, “πάντως γε μήνAr.Eq.232, cf. E.El.754, X., etc.; Ep. and Ion. “γε μένIl.2.703, Od.4.195, Hdt.7.152; “γε μὲν δήA.Ag. 661, S.Tr.484; “γε μέντοιPl.Tht.164a, X.An.2.3.9, etc.: γε δή freq. strengthens an assertion, A.Pr.42, Th.2.62, etc.; “οἰόμεθά γε δήPl.Euthd.275a (cf. also 11.1); γέ τοι, implying that the assertion is the least that one can say, Ar.V.934, Pl.424,1041, etc.; “γέ τοιPl. Grg.447b; “γέ τοι δήS.OT1171, Pl.Phdr.264b; “γέ τοί πουId.Lg. 888e; “γε δήπουId.Phd.94a, etc.; γέ που at all events, any how, Ar. Ach.896, Pl.R.607d, 478a, etc.; for γε οὖν, v. γοῦν.
II. exercising an influence over the whole clause:
1. epexegetic, namely, that is, Διός γε διδόντος that is if God grant it, Od.1.390; κλῦθι, Ποσείδαον . . , εἰ ἐτεόν γε σός εἰμι if indeed I am really thine, 9.529: hence to limit, strengthen or amplify a general assertion, ἀνὴρ . . ὅστις πινυτός γε any man—at least any wise man, 1.229; freq. preceded by καί, usu. with words intervening, μὴν κελεύσω κἀπιθωΰξω γε πρός ay and besi <*>es that . . , A.Pr.73; παρῆσάν τινες καὶ πολλοί γε some, ay and a great many, Pl.Phd.58d; “καὶ γελοίως γεId.R.531a; freq. with the last term in an enumeration, “ταύτῃ ἄρα . . πρακτέον καὶ γυμναστέον καὶ ἐδεστέον γε καὶ ποτέονId.Cri. 47b; “ὄψεις τε καὶ ἀκοαὶ καὶ . . καὶ ἡδοναί γε δήId.Tht.156b; repeated, “συνήγαγόν μοι καί γε ἀργύριον καί γε χρυσίονLXX Ec.2.8; rarely without intervening words, “καί γε θάνατος διὰ τὴν μοίρην ἔλαχενHp.Septim.9, cf. Lys.11.7 codd.; “καί γε . . ἐκχεῶAct.Ap.2.18: hence,
2. in dialogue, in answers where something is added to the statement of the previous speaker, as ἔπεμψέ τίς σοι . . κρέα; Answ. καλῶς γε ποιῶν yes and quite right too, Ar.Ach.1049; κενὸν τόδ᾽ ἄγγος, στέγει τι; Answ. σά γ᾽ ἔνδυτα . . yes indeed, your clothes, E.Ion1412; οὕτω γὰρ ἂν μάλιστα δηχθείη πόσις. Answ. σὺ δ᾽ ἂν γένοιο γ᾽ ἀθλιωτάτη γυνή yes truly, and you . . , Id.Med.817, cf. S.OT 680, etc.; πάνυ γε yes certainly, Pl.Euthphr.8e, etc.; οὕτω γέ πως yes somehowso, Id.Tht.165c; sts. preceded by καί, καὶ οὐδέν γ᾽ ἄτοπον yes and no wonder, ib.142b, cf. d, 147e; sts. ironically, “εὖ γε κηδεύεις πόλινE.IT1212.
3. to heighten a contrast or opposition,
a. after conditional clauses, εἰ μὲν δὴ σύ γ᾽ . . , τῷ κε Ποσειδάων γε . . if you do so, then at all events Poseidon will . . , Il.15.49 sq.; ἐπεὶ πρὸς τοῦτο σιωπᾶν ἥδιόν σοι . . τόδε γε εἰπέ at any rate tell me this, X.Cyr. 5.5.20; “εἰ μὴ τὸ ὅλον, μέρος γ᾽ ἐπιβάλλειD.18.272:—sts. in the protasis, εἰ γὰρ μὴ ἑκόντες γε . . ἀλλ᾽ ἀέκοντας . . Hdt.4.120.
5. implying concession, εἶμί γε well then I will go (in apodosi), E.HF861; “δρᾶ γ᾽ εἴ τι δράσειςId.IA817, cf. Andr.239.
III. γε freq. repeated in protasis and apodosis, as πρίν γε . . , πρίν γε, v. supr. 1.3; “εἰ μή γε . . τινὶ μείζονι, τῇ γε παρούσῃ ἀτιμίᾳLys.31.29; even in the same clause, “οὐδέν γ᾽ ἄλλο πλήν γε καρκίνουςAr.V.1507, cf. Hdt.1.187, E.Ph.554, Pl.R.335b, Grg.502a.
IV. POSITION: γε normally follows the word which it limits; but is freq. placed immediately after the Article, as “ γε πόλεμοςTh.1.66, etc.; or the Prep., “κατά γε τὸν σὸν λόγονX.Cyr.3.1.15; “ἔν γε ταῖς ΘήβαιςS.OT1380; or “δέ, νῦν δέ γεPl.Tht.144e; τὸ δέ γε ib.164b; “δοῖμεν δέ γέ που ἄνId.R.607d, cf. Phd.94a, etc.; freq. in retorts, ἁμές ποκ᾽ ἦμες ἄλκιμοι νεανίαι. Answ. “ἁμὲς δέ γ᾽ εἰμέςCarm.Pop.18; οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὅτι λέγεις. Answ. “ γραῦς δέ γε οἶδ᾽, ὡς ἐγῷμαιMen.Epit.577, cf. A.Th.1031, etc.
hide Dictionary Entry Lookup
Use this tool to search for dictionary entries in all lexica.
Search for in
How to enter text in Greek:
hide References (127 total)
  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (127):
    • Aeschylus, Agamemnon, 661
    • Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound, 73
    • Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound, 42
    • Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes, 1031
    • Aristophanes, Acharnians, 448
    • Aristophanes, Ecclesiazusae, 748
    • Aristophanes, Frogs, 78
    • Aristophanes, Knights, 1350
    • Aristophanes, Knights, 232
    • Aristophanes, Knights, 698
    • Aristophanes, Knights, 961
    • Aristophanes, Peace, 1057
    • Aristophanes, Plutus, 424
    • Aristophanes, Plutus, 1041
    • Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae, 646
    • Aristophanes, Wasps, 781
    • Aristophanes, Wasps, 934
    • Aristophanes, Wasps, 1507
    • Demosthenes, On Organization, 16
    • Demosthenes, On the Crown, 272
    • Euripides, Alcestis, 518
    • Euripides, Alcestis, 801
    • Euripides, Andromache, 239
    • Euripides, Electra, 754
    • Euripides, Heracles, 861
    • Euripides, Iphigeneia in Aulis, 70
    • Euripides, Iphigeneia in Aulis, 9
    • Euripides, Iphigeneia in Aulis, 817
    • Euripides, Ion, 1412
    • Euripides, Iphigeneia in Taurus, 1212
    • Euripides, Medea, 817
    • Euripides, Orestes, 784
    • Euripides, Phoenician Women, 554
    • Euripides, Phoenician Women, 1215
    • Euripides, Trojan Women, 241
    • Herodotus, Histories, 1.187
    • Herodotus, Histories, 7.10
    • Herodotus, Histories, 1.11
    • Herodotus, Histories, 4.120
    • Herodotus, Histories, 7.152
    • Herodotus, Histories, 7.16
    • Homer, Iliad, 10.504
    • Homer, Iliad, 15.49
    • Homer, Iliad, 5.303
    • Homer, Iliad, 2.703
    • Homer, Odyssey, 1.229
    • Homer, Odyssey, 1.390
    • Homer, Odyssey, 2.127
    • Homer, Odyssey, 3.214
    • Homer, Odyssey, 4.195
    • Homer, Odyssey, 8.209
    • Homer, Odyssey, 9.393
    • Homer, Odyssey, 9.529
    • Homer, Odyssey, 17.475
    • Homer, Odyssey, 2.131
    • Homer, Odyssey, 4.366
    • Lysias, Against Theomnestus 2, 7
    • Lysias, Against Philon, 29
    • New Testament, Acts, 2.18
    • Old Testament, Ecclesiastes, 2.8
    • Plato, Laws, 888e
    • Plato, Republic, 329a
    • Plato, Republic, 331b
    • Plato, Republic, 335b
    • Plato, Republic, 412b
    • Plato, Republic, 531a
    • Plato, Republic, 607d
    • Plato, Republic, 478a
    • Plato, Euthyphro, 8e
    • Plato, Crito, 47b
    • Plato, Phaedo, 58d
    • Plato, Phaedo, 84e
    • Plato, Phaedo, 94a
    • Plato, Theaetetus, 147e
    • Plato, Theaetetus, 156b
    • Plato, Theaetetus, 164b
    • Plato, Theaetetus, 165c
    • Plato, Statesman, 293d
    • Plato, Theaetetus, 142b
    • Plato, Theaetetus, 144e
    • Plato, Theaetetus, 164a
    • Plato, Phaedrus, 230b
    • Plato, Phaedrus, 264b
    • Plato, Gorgias, 454e
    • Plato, Gorgias, 502a
    • Plato, Euthydemus, 275a
    • Plato, Gorgias, 447b
    • Plato, Greater Hippias, 287b
    • Sophocles, Antigone, 570
    • Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus, 1699
    • Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus, 42
    • Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus, 977
    • Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus, 1171
    • Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus, 1098
    • Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus, 1380
    • Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus, 35
    • Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus, 365
    • Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus, 680
    • Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus, 715
    • Sophocles, Philoctetes, 1003
    • Sophocles, Philoctetes, 441
    • Sophocles, Philoctetes, 1364
    • Sophocles, Trachiniae, 484
    • Thucydides, Histories, 1.66
    • Thucydides, Histories, 6.18
    • Thucydides, Histories, 2.40
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 1.3.9
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 2.3.9
    • Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 2.3.11
    • Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 3.1.15
    • Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 5.5.20
    • Xenophon, Hellenica, 7.1.37
    • Xenophon, Memorabilia, 4.5.2
    • Xenophon, Memorabilia, 1.4.12
    • Xenophon, Apology, 20
    • Homer, Iliad, 20.286
    • Homer, Iliad, 20.425
    • Homer, Iliad, 5.288
    • Aristophanes, Acharnians, 1049
    • Aristophanes, Acharnians, 317
    • Aristophanes, Acharnians, 784
    • Aristophanes, Acharnians, 836
    • Aristophanes, Acharnians, 896
    • Aristophanes, Acharnians, 93
    • Thucydides, Histories, 2.62
    • Lucian, De mercede, 28
    • Aelian, De Natura Animalium, 10.49
hide Display Preferences
Greek Display:
Arabic Display:
View by Default:
Browse Bar: