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γένος , εος or ους, τό,
A.race, stock, kin, “ἀμφοτέροισιν ὁμὸν γ. ἠδ᾽ ἴα πάτρη” Il.13.354; “αἷμά τε καὶ γ.” Od.8.583; “ὑμετέρου δ᾽ οὐκ ἔστι γένεος βασιλεύτερον” 15.533; “γένος πατέρων αἰσχυνέμεν” Il.6.209; “γ. ἀπόλωλε τοκήων” Od.4.62; “ὅθι τοι γένος ἐστὶ καὶ αὐτῇ” 6.35: freq. abs. in acc., ἐξ Ἰθάκης γένος εἰμί from Ithaca I am by race, 15.267, cf. Il. 5.544,896, S.Ph.239, etc.; in Att. freq. with the Art., “ποδαπὸς τὸ γένος εἶ” ; Ar.Pax186, cf. Pl.Sph.216a: so in dat., “γένει πολῖται” D.23.24; γένει υἱός, opp. an adopted son, Id.44.2; οἱ ἐν γένει, = συγγενεῖς, S.OT1430; “οἱ ἔξω γένους” Id.Ant.660; “οὐδὲν ἐν γένει” Id.OT1016; “γένει προσήκειν τινί” X.An.1.6.1; “γένει ἀπωτέρω εἶναι” D. 44.13: in gen., γένους εἶναί τινος to be of his race, “ἄναγνος καὶ γένους τοῦ Λαΐου” S.OT1383, cf. X.HG4.2.9; ἐγγυτέρω, ἐγγύτατα γένους, nearer, next of kin, Is.8.33, A.Supp.388.
2. direct descent, opp. collateral relationship, “γένος γάρ, ἀλλ᾽ οὐχὶ συγγένεια” Is.8.33; αἱ κατὰ γένος βασιλεῖαι hereditary monarchies, Arist.Pol.1285a16, 1313a10.
II. offspring, even of a single descendant, “σὸν γ.” Il.19.124, 21.186; “ἡ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἔην θεῖον γ. οὐδ᾽ ἀνθρώπων” 6.180; “ἁμὸν Οἰδίπου γ.” A. Th.654; Διὸς γ., of Bacchus, S.Ant.1117 (lyr.); “Τέκμησσα, δύσμορον γ.” Id.Aj.784.
2. collectively, offspring, posterity, “ἐκεῖνοι καὶ τὸ γ. τὸ ἀπ᾽ ἐκείνων” Th.1.126; “ἐξώλη ποιεῖν αὐτὸν καὶ γ. καὶ οἰκίαν” D.19.71.
III. generally, race, of beings, “θεῶν” Ar.Th.960; “ἡμιθέων γ. ἀνδρῶν” Il.12.23; ἡμιόνων, βοῶν γ., Il.2.852, Od.20.212; ἵππειον γ., i.e. mules, S.Ant.342; “ἰχθύων πλωτὸν γ.” Id.Fr.941.9.
b. clan, house, family, Hdt.1.125, etc.; Φρὺξ μὲν γενεῇ, γένεος δὲ τοῦ βασιληΐου ib.35; τοὺς ἀπὸ γένους men of noble family, Plu.Rom.21; “ἱερεὺς κατὰ γ.” IG 5(1).497, al.; also ἱέρεια ἀπὸ γένους, διὰ γένους, ib.607.29,602; esp. at Athens and elsewhere as a subdivision of the φρατρία, Arist.Ath. Fr.3, Pl.Alc.1.120e, etc.; = Lat.gens, D.S.4.21, Plu.Num.1.
c. tribe, as a subdivision of ἔθνος, Hdt. 1.56,101.
d. caste, Id.2.164.
e. of animals, breed, Id.4.29.
2. age, generation, Od.3.245; γ. χρύσεον, etc., Hes.Op.109: hence, age, time of life, “γένει ὕστερος” Il.3.215, cf. Arist.Rh.1408a27.
IV. sex, Epich.172.1, Pl.Smp.189d; gender, Arist.Rh.1407b7, Diog.Bab.Stoic.3.214, etc.
V. class, sort, kind, “τὰ γ. τῶν κυνῶν ἐστι δισσά” X.Cyn.3.1; “τὸ φιλόσοφον γ.” Pl. R.501e; τὸ τῶν γεωργῶν [γ.] Id.Ti.17c, cf. R. 434b, Arist.Pol.1329a27; “τῶν ἰχθυοπωλῶν γ.” Xenarch.7.4; “τὸ τῶν παρασίτων γ.” Nicol. Com.1.1, etc.
2. in Logic, opp. εἶδος (species), Pl.Prm.129c, al., Arist.Top.102a31, 102b12, al.; “τὰ γ. εἰς εἴδη πλείω καὶ διαφέροντα διαιρεῖται” Id.Metaph.1059b36.
3. in the animal kingdom, τὰ μέγιστα γ., = the modern Classes, such as birds, fishes, Id.HA490b7, cf. 505b26; so in the vegetable kingdom, γένη τὰ μέγιστα, = σιτώδη, χεδροπά and ἀνώνυμα, Thphr.HP8.1.1.
b. genus, τὸ τῶν καρκίνων γ., τὸ τῶν περιστερῶν γ., etc., Arist.HA487b17, 488a4; “τῶν δένδρων καὶ τῶν φυτῶν εἴδη πλείω τυγχάνει καθ᾽ ἕκαστον γένος” Thphr.HP1.14.3; “τοῦ αὐτοῦ γένους [πίτυς] καὶ πεύκη” Dsc. 1.69, al.
c. γένος τι a species of plant, Thphr.HP4.8.13; so later, γένη, = crops, “ἄλλοις γένεσι τοῖς πρὸς πυρὸν διοικουμένοις” PTeb.66.43, al. (ii B. C.); “οἷς ἐὰν αἱρῶμαι γένεσι πλὴν κνήκου” PAmh.2.91.15 (ii A. D.); produce, POxy.727.20 (ii A. D.); materials, ib.54.16 (iii A. D.); ἐν γένεσιν in kind, opp. ἐν ἀργυρίῳ, PFay.21.10 (ii A. D.).
4. τὰ γ. the elements, Pl.Ti.54b. (Cf. Skt. jánas, gen. jánasas; Lat. genus, -eris, v. γίγνομαι.)
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (53):
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