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καλός , ή, όν, Aeol. κάλος (v. infr.), α, ον, Boeot. καλϝός Schwyzer 538 (vi B. C.):—
A.beautiful, of outward form, freq. of persons, “κάλλιστος ἀνὴρ ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθενIl.2.673: in Hom. usu. in the phrase “κ. τε μέγας τεIl.21.108, al.; μέγας καὶ κ. Od.9.513; “καλή τε μεγάλη τε13.289, 15.418; καλὸς δέμας beautiful of form, 17.307; “κ. ἰδέᾳPi.O.10 (11).103; “εἶδος κάλλιστοςX.Cyr.1.2.1; “κ. τὸ σῶμαId.Mem.2.6.30; “τὰς ὄψειςTheopomp.Hist.195; Χορῷ καλή beauteous in the dance, Il. 16.180: c. inf., “καλλίονες καὶ μείζονες εἰσοράασθαιOd.10.396; ἐσορᾶν κ. Pi.O.8.19: freq. of parts of the body, fair, shapely, κ. πρόσωπα, ὅμματα, παρήϊα, σφυρά, Il.19.285, 23.66, Od.19.208, Il.4.147; “Χρώς5.354, al.; of clothes, εἵματα, φάρεα, Χιτών, Χλαῖνα, πέδιλα, Od.6.111, 24.277, Il.2.43, Od.10.365, 1.96; “πέπλος κάλλιστος ποικίλμασιν ἠδὲ μέγιστοςIl.6.294; of arms and armour, κνημῖδες, ἀσπίς, σάκος, κόρυς, φάσγανα, ἔντεα, 3.331, 11.33, 22.314, 18.612, 15.713, Od.19.18; of buildings, manufactured articles, etc., “αὐλὴ κ. τε μεγάλη τε14.7; κ. δώματα, τεῖχος, πόλιες, 3.387, Il.21.447, 18.491; ἄμαξα, τράπεζα, θρόνος, 24.267, 11.629, Od.1.131; also τέμενος, ἀγρός, Il.12.314, Od.24.206; so after Hom., “Λύδιον κ. ἔργονSapph.19, etc.; ἐέρσα κ. ead.Supp.25.12.
2. in Att. added to a name in token of love or admiration, as Ἀρίσημος κ. IG12.921, etc.; ἐν τοῖσι τοίχοις ἔγραφ᾽ "Ἀθηναῖοι καλοί" Ar. Ach.144, cf.V.98; Ἀλκιβιάδης καλός, Σαπφὼ καλή, Pl.Alc.1.113b, Phdr.235c.
b. Καλή or Καλλίστη, as epith., A.Ag.140 (lyr.), Paus. 1.29.2, CIG4445 (Beroea).
c. Καλοί, οἱ, divinities worshipped in childbirth, IG5(1).1445 (Messene, ii B. C.).
3. τὸ καλόν beauty, Sapph.79, E.IA21 (anap.), etc.; τὰ καλά the proprieties or elegancies of life, Hdt.1.8, 207; “ἁπάντων καλῶν ἄμμοροςPi.O.1.84; “αἱ τέχναι ἃς πηγάς φασι τῶν κ. εἶναιX.Cyr.7.2.13.
II. with ref. to use, good, of fine quality, “κ. λιμήνOd.6.263; Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ . . καλῷ fair, 14.253, 299; κ. ἀργύριον, opp. κίβδηλον, genuine silver, X.Mem.3.1.9; opp. ἀποτετριμμένον, good silver currency, PCair.Zen.21.33 (iii B. C.); “ἐλαῖαιPHib. 1.49.12 (iii B. C.); “γῆEv.Luc.8.15; “κ. οἶνοςPFay.133.8 (iv A. D.); “στρατόπεδον κάλλιστονTh.5.60; “ἀνταπεδώκατε πονηρὰ ἀντὶ καλῶνLXX Ge. 44.4; “κ. ἐς στρατιάνX.Cyr.3.3.6; “πρός τιPl.Hp.Ma.295c, Grg.474d, etc.: c. inf., “λόφος κάλλιστος τρέχεινX.An.4.8.26; ἐν καλῷ [τόπῳ] in a good place, καθίζεσθαι, ὁρμεῖν, Ar.Th.292, X.HG2.1.25; ἐν καλῷ μὲν τοῦ κόλπου καὶ τῶν πόλεων, ἐν κ. δὲ τοῦ τὴν Χώραν βλάπτειν, ib.6.2.9; ἐν καλῷ under favourable circumstances, Th.5.59.60; ἐν κ. (sc. Χρόνῳ) in good time, in season, E.IA1106; ἐν οὐ κ. Id.Or.579; ἐν καλῷ [ἐστι] c. inf., S.El.384 (so καλόν ἐστι c. inf., Id.Ph.1155 (lyr.), Ar.Pax 278, Th.8.2); “ἐς καλόνS.OT78, Pl.Men.89e, Smp.174e; τί γὰρ ἐμοὶ ζῆν καλόν; what is the good of life to me? Ph.2.594; καλῇ πίστει, = Lat.bona fide, PTeb.418.14 (iii A. D.).
3. of persons, in early writers coupled with ἀγαθός, v. καλοκἀγαθός; later “κ. ποιμήνEv.Jo.10.11; “κ. στρατιώτης2 Ep.Tim. 2.3.
B. Degrees of Comp.: Comp. καλλίων, ον, Il.24.52, Od.10.396, etc.: neut. κάλιον [α^] Alc.134: Sup. κάλλιστος, η, ον, Il.20.233, etc.; late καλλιώτερος or -ότερος, POxy.1672.6 (i A. D.), Sch.E. Tr.966; also “καλώτεροςHdn.Epim.69.
C. Adv.:—Poets freq. use neut. καλόν as Adv., “κ. ἀείδεινIl.18.570, Od.1.155; “καλάIl.6.326; later τὸ κ. Theoc.3.3, 18, Call.Epigr.53, Herod.1.54.
2. of good fortune, well, happily, κ. πράσσειν, = εὖ π., A.Pr. 979, S.Ant.271; “κ. καὶ εὖ πράττεινPl.Chrm.172a; κ. ἔχειν to be well, A.Th.799, etc.; “κ. ἔχει σοιAr.Ach.946, cf. S.El.816; κ. ἔχει c. inf., 'tis well to . . , X.Mem.3.11.1: c. gen., κ. ἔχειν τινός to be well off in respect to a thing, Hp.Superf.29; “κ. παράπλου κεῖσθαιTh.1.36; “εἰ κ. σφίσιν ἔχοιId.4.117; “οὔτε τοῖς θεοῖς ἔφη κ. ἔχειν, εἰ . . X.Mem.1.3.3; “καλλιόνως ἔχειPl.Tht.169e, etc.; “κάλλιστα ἕζειId.Hp.Ma.295b.
4. κ. ἀκούειν to be well spoken of, Men.Mon.285, Plu.2.177e.
5. κ. ποιῶν rightly, deservedly, “κ. ποιῶν ἀπόλλυταιAr.Pl.863, cf. D.1.28, al., Aeschin.3.232; in requests, κ. ποιήσεις πριάμενος, etc., PPetr.3p.143 (iii B. C.), etc.; also c. inf., “κ. π. γράψαιBGU1203.7 (i B. C.), etc.
6. in answers, to approve the words of the former speaker, well said! E.Or.1216, D.39.15; also, to decline an offer courteously, no, thank you! Ar.Ra.888; “κ. ἔχειAntiph.165, Men.Pk.266; πάνυ κ. Ar.Ra.512; ἀμέλει κ. ib.532: Sup., κάλλιστ᾽, ἐπαινῶ ib.508; “ἔχει κάλλισταTheoc.15.3.
8. κ. ἱερεύς hurrah for the priest! SIG1109.14 (Athens, ii A. D.).
10. Comp. “καλλιόνωςPl.Tht. l.c., Lg.660d: Sup. “καλλίστωςPMag.Par.1.2443,2465, Sch.E.Hec.310.
D. for compds., v. καλλι-, καλο-.
E. Quantity: α_ in Ep. and early Iamb. Poets (exc. h.Ven.29, Hes.Op.63, Th.585): α^ in Lyr. (exc. “κα_λῶςB.12.206) and Trag. (A. Fr.314, S.Ph.1381 are corrupt).--In Eleg., Epigr., and Bucol. Poets α^ or α_ (the latter usu. in thesi); “τὰ μὴ κα^λὰ κα_λὰ πέφανταιTheoc.6.19, cf. Herod.7.115, Call.Jov.55.--In Comp., ι^ in Hom., ι_ in Trag. and later.
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