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καταλαμβάνω , fut.
A.“-λήψομαι” Pl.Prt.311a(in pass.sense, A.D.Synt. 48.9), Ion. “-λάμψομαι” Hdt.6.39, Aeol. -λα?μψομαι dub. in Alc.Supp. 5.9 (v. λαμβάνω): pf. “-είληφα” Pl.Phdr.250d, etc. (“καθ-” SIG129.18 (Carpathos, iv B. C.)), “-λελάβηκα” Pherecyd.Syr. ap. D.L.1.122, Hdt.3.42 (v.l. -λελαβήκεε):—Pass., Ion. aor. “-ελάμφθην” Id.5.21; “-ελάφθην” SIG279.7 (Zelea, iv B. C.): pf. in med. sense, D.S.17.85:—seize, lay hold of, c. acc., “τοῦ κατὰ νῶτα λαβών” Od.9.433, cf. Ar.Lys.624, etc.; “κατέλαβε τὴν ἀκρόπολιν” Th.1.126, cf. Hdt.5.71, Ar.Lys.263(lyr., tm.), Isoc.4.153, etc. (metaph., τὴν τοῦ νέου τῆς ψυχῆς ἀκρόπολιν κ. Pl.R. 560b); πάντα φυλακαῖς κ. Plu.Per.33; “κ. ἕδρας” Ar.Ec.21, 86; φάσκων Ποσειδῶ πρότερον Ἀθηνᾶς καταλαβεῖν αὐτήν (sc. τὴν πόλιν) Isoc.12.193; later, simply, arrive at a place, POxy.1829 (vi A. D.), etc.:—Med., seize for oneself, “τὰ πρήγματα” Hdt.6.39; τὰ ἄλλοι οὐ κατελάβοντο matters which others had not preoccupied, ib.55: freq. in Plb., “κ. λόφον” 1.19.5, al.:—Pass., of a person, ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ καταληφθείς possessed, Plot. 5.8.11.
2. of death, fatigue, disaster, etc., “τὸν δὲ κατ᾽ ὄσσε ἔλλαβε . . θάνατος” Il.5.82; “Ἄργον . . κατὰ μοῖρ᾽ ἔλαβεν . . θανάτοιο” Od.17.326: c. dupl. acc., “εὖτ᾽ ἄν μιν κάματος κατὰ γυῖα λάβῃσιν” 1.192; “Δίκη καταλήψεται ψευδῶν τέκτονας” Heraclit.28; befall, overtake, “συμφορὰ κ. πόλεις” E.Hipp.1161: freq.in Hdt., “θεῖα πρήγματα καταλαμβάνει τοὺς αἰελούρους” 2.66; πένθεα μεγάλα τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους κ. ibid., cf. 3.42; ὅσα φεύγοντας ἐκ τῆς πατρίδος κακὰ ἐπίδοξα καταλαμβάνειν may be expected to befall them, 4.11; “ἤν τι καταλαμβάνῃ νεώτερον τὸν πεζόν” 8.21: folld. by inf., “νοῦσός τινα κ. νοσῆσαι” 3.149, cf. 3.75; πρίν τι ἀνήκεστον ἡμᾶς κ. Th.4.20; “κίνδυνος κ. τινά” D.18.99; rarely of good fortune, “τοῦτον κατέλαβε εὐτυχίη τις” Hdt.3.139.
3. seize with the mind, comprehend, Pl.Ax.370a, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.39, Plb.8.2.6, Ev.Jo.1.5 (perh. overcome); κάλλος διὰ τῆς [ὄψεως] Pl.Phdr.250d; “ἐκ τοῦ φάσματος ὅτι . . ” D.H.5.46, cf. Arr.Epict.1.5.6:—so in Med., D.H.2.66, S.E.M.7.288; “ὅτι . . ” Act.Ap.4.13; “τί τὸ πλάτος” Ep.Eph.3.18:— Pass., Phld.Sign.22, Mus.p.62K., Numen. ap. Eus.PE14.8.
4. accept, παρὰ τοῦ βασιλέως . . δωροδοκήματα dub. l. in Pl.Com.119.1 (κᾆτ᾽ ἔλαβον Mein.).
II. catch, overtake, come up with, “τοὺς φεύγοντας” Hdt.1.63, cf. 2.30, etc.:—Pass., Id.7.211, Plb.1.47.8.
2. find on arrival, c. part., “τινὰ ζῶντα” Hdt.3.10; “τὰ πλεῖστα . . προειργασμένα” Th.8.65; “πάντα ἔξω” Id.2.18; “ἀνεῳγμένην τὴν θύραν” Pl. Smp.174d; “τοὺς ἄρχοντας ἐξιόντας” D.21.85; “τινὰ ἔνδον” Pl.Prt.311a; “τῶν φορτίων πολλὴν ἀπρασίαν” D.34.8; “τι ὑπάρχον” Arist.Top.131a29; detect, “ἐπ᾽ αὐτοφώρῳ ἐμαυτόν” Pl.Ap.22b:—Pass., “κατελήφθη σοῦ λάθρᾳ πωλῶν τὰ σά” E.Cyc.260, cf. Ev.Jo.8.3, etc.; “κατείληπτο σοφιζόμενος” D.21.164; to be taken by surprise, Plu.Publ.20.
III. impers., καταλαμβάνει τινά c. inf., it happens to one, it is one's fortune to . . , “καταλαμβάνει μιν φεύγειν” Hdt.2.152, cf. 3.118; “καταλελάβηκέ με . . τοῦτο . . ἐκφῆναι” Id.3.65, cf. 4.105, 6.38.
IV. abs., πρὸς τὴν καταλαβοῦσαν συμφορήν that had befallen, Id.4.161; τὰ καταλαβόντα, = τὰ συμβάντα, what had happened, the circumstances, Id.9.49; “ἢν πόλεμος καταλάβῃ” Th.2.54, cf. 18; “εἰ -λαμβάνοι ἀναχώρησις” Id.4.31; τῆς νυκτὸς -λαμβανούσης as night was coming on, D.S.20.86; “Χειμῶνος ἤδη -λαμβάνοντος” Hdn.7.2.9.
V. hold down, cover, “τῇ Χειρὶ τὸν ὀφθαλμόν” Pl.Tht.165b; “τὰς Χεῖρας” Plu.Sert.26; fasten down, “κ. πῶμα γόμφοις” Id.2.356c, cf. Gal.13.358 (so in Med., D.S.3.37):—Pass., to be compressed, opp. διαλύεσθαι, Arist.Pr.870b11; “τὰς φλέβας -λαμβανόμενοι” Id.Somn.Vig.455b7.
2. keep under, repress, check, “κ. τινῶν αὐξανομένην τὴν δύναμιν” Hdt.1.46; κ. τὸ πῦρ get it under, ib.87; “ἴσχε καὶ κ. σεωυτόν” Id.3.36; κ. τὰς διαφοράς put an end to them, Id.7.9.β́; κ. ἐρίζοντας stop their quarrelling, Id.3.128: folld. by inf., “κ. τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους ταῦτα μὴ ποιέειν” Id.2.162; ὁ τῶν Περσέων θάνατος καταλαμφθεὶς ἐσιγήθη inquiries about their death being checked . . , Id.5.21.
b. κ. τὸ πνεῦμα hold the breath, Gal.6.176, al.
3. bind, “κ. πίστι καὶ ὁρκίοισι” Hdt.9.106; “ὅρκοις” Th.4.86, etc.:—Pass., “εἴ τινι -λέλαμμαι ὅρκῳ” SIG360.41 (Chersonesus); νόμοις, ἔθεσι κατειλημμένα enforced, Arist.Pol.1324b22; “ζημίαις” Pl.Lg.823a; [τὰς σπονδὰς] ηὗρε κατειλημμένας he found the treaty concluded, Th.5.21 codd.
4. compel, constrain one to do, c. inf., ἀναγκαίη μιν κ. φαίνειν forces him to bring out the truth, Hdt.3.75:—Pass., ἀναγκαίῃ καταλαμβανόμενος being constrained, Id.2.65, cf. Th.7.57.
5. convict, condemn, Antipho 2.4.11; opp. ἀπολύειν, Id.4.4.9; “ἐὰν καταληφθεὶς ἀποθάνω” Id.2.2.9, cf. IG12(2).526A20 (Eresus, iv B. C.); of the prosecutor, secure a conviction, Rev.Phil.1928.192 (Erythrae, v B. C.); “ὁ -λαβών” SIG578.58 (Teos, ii B. C.), etc.
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (78):
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