A.“λήξομαι” Pl.R.617e; Ion. λάξομαι (cf. λάξις) Hdt.7.144: aor. “ἔλα^χον” Il.9.367, etc.; Ep. “ἔλλαχον” h.Cer.87, v.l. for ἔλλαβεν in Theoc.25.271; Ep. “λάχον” Il.4.49, al.; Aeol. opt. 1sg. “λαχόην” Sapph.9 (“λαχοίην” A.D. Synt.247.25); for λέλα^χον v. infr. IV: pf. “εἴληχα” A.Th.376, 423, etc.: plpf. “εἰλήχει” Pl.Phd.107d; poet. and Ion. “λέλογχα” Pi.O.1.53, B.9.39, Emp.20.3, E.Tr.282 (lyr.), Hdt.7.53, Test. ap.D.21.82, D.H.4.83, etc., but not in early Att. Prose; 3pl. λελογχα^σι （ν) Od.11.304, Emp.102, but “λελα?́χα_σι” Id.115.5; part. “λελαχώς” Phld.D.1.17; Dor. 3sg. “λελόγχει” Theoc.4.40: plpf. “ἐλελόγχει” Luc. Am.18:—Pass., aor. “ἐλήχθην” Lys.17.8, Is.9.24, D.38.20: pf. “εἴληγμαι” E.Tr.296, D.30.34; 3pl. “λελάχαται” Perict. ap. Stob.4.28.19:
I. c. acc. rei, obtain by lot, of spoils, opp. ἐξαιρεῖσθαι, Od.14.233, cf. Il. 9.367, etc.: generally, obtain as one's portion, “τὸ γὰρ λάχομεν γέρας ἡμεῖς” 4.49; “λαχόντα τε ληΐδος αἶσαν” 18.327; “πρὸς δαιμόνων ὄλβον” Pi. N.9.45; “μέζονας μοίρας λ.” Heraclit.25; “μοῖραν ἴσην, ὡς αὐτοί περ ἐλάγχανον” Od.20.282, cf. Hdt.7.144: with inf. added, ἔλαχον πολιὴν ἅλα ναιέμεν I had the sea for my portion to dwell in, Il.15.190, cf. Pi.O. 6.34, A.Eu.931 (anap.); “ἔλαχ᾽ ἄναξ δούλην σ᾽ ἔχειν” E.Tr.278, cf. 282 (lyr.); of a deity as presiding over one's life, “ἐμὲ μὲν Κὴρ . . λάχε γεινόμενόν περ” Il.23.79; “τῶ σκληρῶ μάλα δαίμονος ὅς με λελόγχει” Theoc. 4.40; “δαίμων ὁ τὴν ἡμετέραν μοῖραν εἰληχώς” Lys.2.78; “ὦ δαῖμον, ὅς με . . εἴληχας” Alciphr.3.49: also, esp. in pf., to be the tutelary deity of a place, protect it. [“Πὰν] πάντα λόφον . . λέλογχε” h.Hom.19.6; “θεοῖσι οἳ Περσίδα γῆν λελόγχασι” Hdt.7.53; “παῖ Ῥέας, ἃ πρυτανεῖα λέλογχας” Pi. N.11.1; of Athena, “ἣ τὴν ὑμετέραν πόλιν ἔλαχε” Pl.Ti.23d, cf. E.Or. 319 (lyr.), Ph.1576 (lyr.): metaph., “ἀκέρδεια λέλογχεν θαμινὰ κακαγόρος” Pi.O.1.53: freq. of persons who have a post assigned to them by lot, “κλήρῳ νῦν πεπάλασθε διαμπερές, ὅς κε λάχῃσι” Il.7.171, cf. 179, 23.354, 862: c. inf., “κλήρῳ λάχον ἐνθάδ᾽ ἕπεσθαι” 24.400; so “πάλῳ λαχεῖν” A.Th.55, Hdt.4.94, cf. 3.128; “ὡς ἐν πύλαις ἕκαστος εἴληχεν πάλον” A. Th.376: abs., πρὸς Θύμβρης ἔλαχον Δύκιοι had their post assigned near Thymbra, Il.10.430; ἐπί, ἐν πύλαις λ., A.Th.423, 451, etc.; λαχών alone, Hdt.3.128, etc.; λ. τινὰ διδάσκαλον have him assigned to one by lot, Antipho 6.11.
2. at Athens, obtain an office by lot, ἀρχὰς λαχεῖν, opp. χειροτονηθῆναι (to be elected), D.57.25, cf.Ar.Av.1111; “οὐδεμίαν [ἀρχὴν] λαχὼν οὐδὲ χειροτονηθείς” Aeschin.1.106: more freq. c. inf., ὁ τῷ κυάμῳ λαχὼν πολεμαρχέειν he who had the lot to be polemarch, Hdt.6.109; “ἔλαχον πρότεροι ἀποδιδόναι” Th.5.21, cf. 35; “λαχὼν . . ἱερομνημονεῖν” Ar.Nu.623; λαχόντος βουλεύειν when I became Member of Council by lot, D.21.111, cf. 59.3, Pl.Grg.473e: c. gen., λαχεῖν τῶν ἐξιόντων to be chosen by lot as one of . . , D.21.133; also “οἱ ταμίαι οἱ λαχόντες” IG12.91.21; λαχεῖν βασιλεύς, ἐπιμελητής, ἱερεύς, etc., Lys.6.4, Din.2.10, D.57.47, etc.; “ἐπίσκοπος τῷ κυάμῳ λαχών” Ar.Av.1022; οἱ πεντακόσιοι <οἱ> λαχόντες τῷ κυάμῳ Lexap.And.1.96: abs., κληρούχους τοὺς λαχόντας those on whom the lot fell, Th.3.50, cf. Pl.Lg. 765c; “τοὺς λαχόντας προέδρους” SIG465.6 (Athens, iii B. C.); rare exc. in Athens, λαχὼν ἱερεύς ib.762.12 (Dionysopolis, i B. C.), etc.
3. as Att. law-term, λαγχάνειν δίκην obtain leave to bring a suit (esp. a private suit), prob. because the presiding magistrates decided the order of hearing by lot; λ. δίκην τινί against one, Pl.Euthphr.5b, Lg. 938b, cf. Aeschin.2.99; “ἔγκλημά τινι” D.34.16; τὸν εἰληχότα τοῦ κλήρου τὴν δίκην the person suing for the inheritance, Is.8.3: without τὴν δίκην, εἴληχε μὲν αὑτῷ τῆς θυγατρὸς τῆς Εὐκτήμονος ὡς οὔσης ἐπικλήρου he has claimed Euctemon's daughter . . , Id.6.46, cf. D.48.20; “λ. τινὶ τοῦ συμβολαίου” Lys.17.3; “λ. φόνου ἐμαυτῷ” D.21.120; also λ. τῷ υἱεῖ τῆς ἐπικλήρου prosecute the claim on his son's behalf, And.1.121, cf. 124; “λ. δίκην τινὶ εἰς τοὺς Ἀμφικτύονας χιλίων ταλάντων ὑπέρ τινος” D. 59.98, cf. Isoc.16.2: abs., “λ. πρὸς τὸν ἄρχοντα” Is.11.33: metaph., “τοῦ σώματος [τῇ ψυχῇ] δίκην λαχόντος” Democr.159:—Pass., “πρὸς οὓς αἱ δίκαι ἐλήχθησαν” Lys.17.8; “πρὸ τοῦ τὴν δίκην ληχθῆναι” D.54.28: impers., τούτοις λαγχάνεται proceedings are taken, Id.23.76.
II. c. gen. partit., become possessed of a thing, “ὥς κεν Ἀχιλλεὺς δώρων ἐκ Πριάμοιο λάχῃ” Il.24.76; “ἔλαχον κτερέων” Od.5.311, cf. Thgn.934, Pi.I.8(7).69, Fr.75.6, B.1.56, 9.39, Lyr.Adesp.53, Emp.102, 115.5, Democr.21; “εὖ πραπίδων λαχόντα” A.Ag.380 (lyr.); “χρυσῆς . . τιμῆς λαχεῖν” S.Ant.699; “οὔ τι μὴ λάχωσι τοῦδε συμμάχου” Id.OC450; γέννας “ἀφθίτου λαχόντες” Id.Fr.278; “διπλοῦ βίου λαχόντες” E.Supp.1086; πατρῴων οὐ λαχών not having obtained thy patrimony, Id.Tr.1192; “τῆς εὐπρεπεστάτης τελευτῆς” Th.2.44; “δείπνου τε καὶ ὕπνου λαγχάνομεν” X.Hier.6.9; also “χθονὸς λαχεῖν τοσοῦτον ἐνθανεῖν μόνον” S.OC790; “γάμου μέρος λαχοῦσα” Id.Ant.918; “τύμβου κοινὸν εἰληχὼς μέρος” Id.El. 1135; “τῆς γῆς τὸ πρὸς Νότον εἴληχε Παλλάς” Id.Fr.24.8.
III. abs., draw lots, “κατάστασις ἡ διὰ τοῦ λαγχάνειν γιγνομένη” Isoc.7.23, cf. D.S. 4.63, etc.; “περί τινος” D.21 Arg.2<*><*> 3, 4, Ev.Jo.19.24.
IV. causal only in Ep. redupl. aor. λέλα^χον, put in possession of a thing, grant one the rights of . . , “ὄφρα πυρός με Τρῶες . . λελάχωσι θανόντα” Il.7.80, cf. 15.350, 23.76: later this aor. is used intr. in AP7.341 (Procl.).
V. intr., fall to one's lot or share, ἐς ἑκάστην [νῆα] ἐννέα λάγχανον αἶγες nine goats were allotted to each, Od.9.160; “αἰὼν δυσαίων ἔλαχεν” E. Hel.214 (lyr.); “ὅσοις . . τὸ σωφρονεῖν εἴληχεν” Id.Hipp.80; “τὸ λαχὸν μέρος ἑκάστῳ τῷ θεῷ” Pl.Lg.745e, cf. Epin.992d; “τὴν πρὸς Νότον λαχεῖν φασι Δευκαλίωνι” Str.9.5.23.
