previous next
νόμος , ὁ, (νέμω)
A.that which is in habitual practice, use or possession, not in Hom. (cf. J.Ap.2.15), though read by Zenod. in Od.1.3.
I. usage, custom, “[Μοῦσαι] μέλπονται πάντων τε νόμους καὶ ἤθεα κεδνά” Hes.Th.66; “ν. ἀρχαῖος ἄριστος” Id.Fr.221; ἔνθα ν. (sc. ἐστί) c. inf., where it is the custom . . , Alc.Supp.25.5; ν. πάντων βασιλεύς custom is lord of all, Pi.Fr.169.1; “ν. δεσπότης” Hdt.7.104, Pl. Lg.715d; “ν. τύραννος τῶν ἀνθρώπων” Id.Prt.337d; “ἴησις ὀθονίοισι κατὰ τὸν ν. τὸν ἀρθριτικόν” Hp.Art.18; “ὡς νόμος” Id.Mochl.37: hence, law, ordinance, “τόνδε . . ν. διέταξε Κρονίων . . θηρσὶ . . ἐσθέμεν ἀλλήλους” Hes. Op.276; “τρέφονται πάντες οἱ ἀνθρώπειοι ν. ὑπὸ τοῦ θείου” Heraclit. 114; “ἄφθογγον εἶναι τὸν παλαμναῖον ν. [ἐστί]” A.Eu.448; “ν. κάλλιστον ἐξευρόντα, πειθαρχεῖν πατρί” S.Tr.1177; ν. κοινός, = ὀρθὸς λόγος, Zeno Stoic.1.43: pl., “ἔργων . . ὧν νόμοι πρόκεινται ὑψίποδες” S.OT865 (lyr.); “νεοχμοῖς ν. Ζεὺς κρατύνει” A.Pr.150 (lyr.).
b. in VT, of the law of God, “ἐν τῷ νόμῳ Κυρίου τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ” LXXPs.1.2, al., cf. Is.2.3; νόμον ὃν ἐνετείλατο ὑμῖν Μωϋσῆς ib.De.33.4; so in NT, “ὁ ν. Μωϋσέως” Ev.Luc.2.22, etc.; but also “ὁ ν. τοῦ Χριστοῦ” Ep.Gal.6.2; ὁ ν. τοῦ Πνεύματος τῆς ζωῆς, opp. ὁ ν. τῆς ἁμαρτίας καὶ τοῦ θανάτου, Ep.Rom.8.2; “ν. τέλειος ὁ τῆς ἐλευθερίας” Ep.Jac.1.25.
c. with Preps., κατὰ νόμον according to custom or law, Hes.Th.417, Hdt.1.61, etc.; “κὰν νόμον” Pi.O.8.78; οἱ κατὰ ν. ὄντες θεοί the established deities, Pl.Lg.904a; “κατὰ νόμους” A.Supp.241; παρὰ νόμον contrary to . . , Id.Eu.171 (lyr.); “παρὰ τοὺς τῆς φύσεως ν.” Pl.Ti.83e; “ἐν Πανελλάνων νόμῳ” Pi.I.2.38; ἐν Ἀδραστείῳ νόμῳ by the law of Adrastus, i.e. at the Nemean games, Id.N.10.28: esp. in dat. νόμῳ by custom, conventionally, opp. φύσει, Hdt. 4.39, Philol.9, Arist.EN1094b16, etc.; ν. γλυκύ, ν. πικρόν, Democr.9; “εἰ μή τις λέγοι ν. ὁρᾶν καὶ τὰς λεγομένας ποιότητας μὴ ἐν τοῖς ὑποκειμένοις εἶναι” Plot.4.4.29; ὅσον νόμου χάριν just for form's sake, Diph.43.14, Arist.Metaph.1076a27.
d. statute, ordinance made by authority, “[Σόλων] νόμους ἔθηκεν ἄλλους, τοῖς δὲ Δράκοντος θεσμοῖς ἐπαύσαντο χρώμενοι πλὴν τῶν φονικῶν” Id.Ath.7.1 (but “τὸν Δράκοντος ν. τὸν περὶ τοῦ φόνου” IG12.115.5), etc.; νόμον τιθέναι, τίθεσθαι, v. τίθημι; βασιλικὸς ν. OGI483.1 (Pergam., ii A.D.), Ep.Jac.2.8: freq. of general laws, opp. ψηφίσματα (special decrees), Pl.Tht.173d, etc.; “ὅταν τὰ ψηφίσματα κύρια ᾖ ἀλλὰ μὴ ὁ ν.” Arist.Pol.1292a7: generally, law, ἄνευ ὀρέξεως νοῦς ὁ ν. ἐστίν ib. 1287a32; ἄγραφος ν. Lex ap. And.1.85, etc.; opp. γεγραμμένος, Arist.Rh.1373b6; ν. ἴδιος, opp. κοινός, ib.4; ὁ ν. freq. as subject, “οἱ ν. διδόασι τιμωρίας” D.18.12; “ὧν ὁ ν. ἀγορεύει” Inscr.Magn. 92b16 (ii B.C.); μὴ ὁ ν. κρίνει τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐὰν μὴ ἀκούσῃ πρῶτον; Ev.Jo.7.51.
e. c. gen. rei, “οὗτός τοι πεδίων πέλεται ν.” Hes.Op.388; “Ὑλλίδος στάθμας ἐν νόμοις” Pi.P.1.62; “τὸν φαρμάκων δίδαξε μαλακόχειρα ν.” Id.N.3.55; “ν. ἐμβολῆς καὶ διορθώσιος” Hp.Mochl.38; ὁ ν. τοῦ κριοῦ, τοῦ ἀνδρός, τῶν ἐρανιστῶν, LXXLe.6.31 (7.1), Ep.Rom.7.2, SIG 1198.14 (Arcesine, iii B.C.); ἐς χειρῶν νόμον ἀπικέσθαι to come to blows, into action, Hdt.9.48; ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ ἀπόλλυσθαι, περιπεσεῖν, die in action, Id.8.89, Plb.1.57.8; “μεταλλάξαι τὸν βίον ἐν χ. ν.” Id.3.63.5, cf. 3.116.9; “Ἀσδρούβας . . ἐν χ. ν. κατέστρεψε τὸν βίον” Id.11.2.1; “τοὺς μὲν ἐν χ. ν. διέφθειρε” Id.1.82.2; τοὺς ἐν χ. ν. τὰς πολιτείας καταλύοντας by 'direct action', Aeschin.1.5; but “κτεῖναι ἐν ταῖς πολεμικαῖς ἐξόδοις ἐν χειρὸς νόμῳ” under martial law, Arist.Pol.1285a10; “τῷ τοῦ πολέμου νόμῳ κτησάμενος” Aeschin.2.33.
2. Νόμος personified, οἱ θεοὶ σθένουσι χὡ κείνων κρατῶν N. E.Hec.800, cf. Orph.Fr.105, 160.
II. melody, strain, “οἶδα δ᾽ ὀρνίχων νόμως πάντων” Alcm.67; “ν. ἵππιος” Pi.O. 1.101; “Ἀπόλλων ἁγεῖτο παντοίων ν.” Id.N.5.25; “ν. πολεμικοί” Th.5.69; “ἐπηλάλαξαν Ἀραὶ τὸν ὀξὺν ν.” A.Th.952 (lyr.); “κρεκτοὶ ν.” S.Fr. 463, cf. AP9.584: metaph., “τοὺς Ἅιδου ν.” S.Fr.861.
2. esp. a type of early melody created by Terpander for the lyre as an accompaniment to Epic texts, “ν. ὄρθιος” Hdt.1.24; “ν. Βοιώτιος” S.Fr.966; “ν. κιθαρῳδικοί” Ar.Ra.1282, cf. Pl.Lg.700d, Arist.Po.1447b26, Pr.918b13, etc.; also for the flute, “ν. αὐλῳδικός” Plu.2.1132d; without sung text, ν. αὐλητικός ib.1133d, cf. 138b, Poll.4.79; later, composition including both words and melody, e.g. Tim.Pers.
III. = νοῦμμος (q. v.), Epich.136, Sophr.162, Inscr.Délos407.21 (ii B.C.); ν. σηστέρτιοι, = Lat. nummi sestertii, Inscr.Prien.41.13 (ii B.C.).
IV. Archit., course of masonry, IG12(2).11.17 (Mytil.).
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

The National Endowment for the Humanities provided support for entering this text.

hide Dictionary Entry Lookup
Use this tool to search for dictionary entries in all lexica.
Search for in
How to enter text in Greek:
hide References (54 total)
  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (54):
    • Aeschines, Against Timarchus, 5
    • Aeschines, On the Embassy, 33
    • Aeschylus, Eumenides, 171
    • Aeschylus, Eumenides, 448
    • Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound, 150
    • Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes, 952
    • Aeschylus, Suppliant Maidens, 241
    • Andocides, On the Mysteries, 85
    • Aristophanes, Frogs, 1282
    • Aristotle, Constitution of the Athenians, 7.1
    • Aristotle, Poetics, 1447b.26
    • Demosthenes, On the Crown, 12
    • Euripides, Hecuba, 800
    • Herodotus, Histories, 1.24
    • Herodotus, Histories, 1.61
    • Herodotus, Histories, 4.39
    • Herodotus, Histories, 7.104
    • Herodotus, Histories, 8.89
    • Herodotus, Histories, 9.48
    • Hesiod, Theogony, 417
    • Hesiod, Theogony, 66
    • Hesiod, Works and Days, 276
    • Hesiod, Works and Days, 388
    • Homer, Odyssey, 1.3
    • New Testament, Galatians, 6.2
    • Old Testament, Isaiah, 2.3
    • New Testament, John, 7.51
    • Old Testament, Leviticus, 7.1
    • New Testament, Luke, 2.22
    • New Testament, Romans, 7.2
    • New Testament, Romans, 8.2
    • Plato, Laws, 700d
    • Plato, Laws, 715d
    • Plato, Laws, 904a
    • Plato, Theaetetus, 173d
    • Plato, Protagoras, 337d
    • Plato, Timaeus, 83e
    • Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus, 865
    • Thucydides, Histories, 5.69
    • Flavius Josephus, Against Apion, 2.15
    • Sophocles, Ichneutae, 463
    • Sophocles, Ichneutae, 861
    • Sophocles, Ichneutae, 966
    • Sophocles, Trachiniae, 1177
    • Polybius, Histories, 11.2.1
    • Polybius, Histories, 1.57.8
    • Polybius, Histories, 1.82.2
    • Polybius, Histories, 3.116.9
    • Polybius, Histories, 3.63.5
    • Hippocrates, De articulis, 18
    • Old Testament, Deuteronomy, 33.4
    • New Testament, James, 1.25
    • New Testament, James, 2.8
    • Old Testament, Psalm, 1.2
hide Display Preferences
Greek Display:
Arabic Display:
View by Default:
Browse Bar: