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ὄρθιος , α, ον, Att. also ος, ον Th.5.58: (ὀρθός) :—
A.straight up, steep, uphill, “οἶμος” Hes.Op.290 ; “πάγοι” S.Fr.89 ; “πρόσβασις” E.El.489 ; “ὁδός” X.An.1.2.21, etc. ; ὄρθιον ἑτέραν (sc. ὁδὸν) “ἐπορεύοντο” Th. l.c. ; ὄρθιον or πρὸς ὄρθιον ἰέναι march uphill, X.An.4.6.12, HG2.4.15 ; ἡ ἀρετὴ πρὸς ὄρθιον ἄγουσα leading by a steep path, Id.Cyr.2.2.24 ; πρὸς ὀρθίῳ on rising ground, opp. ἐν ἐπιπέδῳ, Id.HG6.4.14 ; κατὰ τοῦ ὀ. by a steep descent, Arr.An.1.1.8; τὰ ὄ. the country from the coast upwards, τὰ ἐς μεσόγαιαν φέροντα, Hdt.4.101.
2. upright, standing, “ὄ. ἦν τὰ γέρρα” Id.9.102 ; “πύργοι” E.Andr.10 ; esp. of hair, “ὀ. στῆσαι τρίχας” S.OC1624; “τριχὸς ὀρθίας πλόκαμος ἵσταται” A.Th.564 (lyr.), cf. E.Hel.632 (lyr.) ; also ὄ. ἐφιστὰς τὸ οὖς pricking up the ear, Luc.Tim.23 ; of animals, rampant, Pi.P.10.36.
II. of the voice, high-pitched, shrill, “κελεύματα” A.Ch.751 ; “κωκύματα” S.Ant.1206 ; “κηρύγματα” Id.El.683, Ichn.40 ; “ὀρθία σάλπιγγος ἠχώ” E.Tr.1266: more freq. the neut. as Adv., ἤϋσε . . ὄρθια she cried aloud, Il.11.11 (not found elsewh. in Hom.) ; “ἰάχησε δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ὄρθια φωνῇ” h.Cer.20, cf. 432 ; so ὄρθιον ὤρυσαι, φωνεῖν, Pi.O.9.109, N.10.76 ; “ὄρθιον ἀντηλάλαξε . . ἠχώ” A.Pers.389 ; “ἐσήμην᾽ ὄρθιον σάλπιγγι” E.Heracl.830.
2. νόμος ὄ. a traditional melody of very high pitch (cf. Arist.Pr.920b20), Hdt.1.24, Ar.Eq.1279, etc.: pl., “ὀρθίοις ἐν νόμοις” A. Ag.1153 (lyr.); also ὁ ὄρθιος alone, Ar.Ach.16, etc., cf. Sapph.Supp. 20c.4 (p.78 Lobel); “μελῳδία ὄ.” Plu.2.1140f.
b. ὄρθιος, ὁ, in Metre, the foot - - <*>, Aristid.Quint.1.16, cf. Plu.2.1140f, Bacch.Harm. 101.
III. in military language, formed in column, opp. in line or extended front, “ὀ. ποιεῖσθαι τοὺς λόχους” X.Cyr.3.2.6, cf. An.4.8.10 ; προσβάλλειν ὀ. τοῖς λόχοις ib.4.2.11 ; ἄγειν τοὺς λόχους ὀ. bring them up in column, ib.4.3.17 ; “προῆγεν [αὐτοὺς] ὀ. ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους” Plb. 11.23.2, cf. Polyaen.5.16.1.
b. of stones in building, engaged lengthwise in the wall, i.e. with only the short sides showing, headers (opp. stretchers) “τιθέντας τοὺς λίθους ὀρθίους ἐν γύψῳ” Ph.Bel.80.21.
IV. generally, like ὀρθός, straight, opp. crooked, “φλέψ” Hp. Aph.5.68, Gal.11.218 ; “ἴχνος” X.Cyn.6.14,15 ; “τάφροι” Thphr.CP3.6.3 ; opp. “πλάγιος, κάλαμοι” Aen.Tact.32.2 : metaph., “ἤθη ὄ.” straight-forwardness, Plu.Sull.1 ; “ὄ. καὶ αὐθέκαστος” Id.Cat.Ma.6.
V. ὀρθία (sc. γωνία) a right angle, Id.2.373f.
2. -ία, ἡ, latus rectum of a conic, Apollon.Perg.1.11, al.
3. ὀ. διάμετρος conjugate diameter of a two-branched curve, Id.1Def.1, al.
VI. Ὄρθιος, epith. of Asclepius, IG42(1).459 (Epid.).
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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