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περιβάλλω , fut. -βα^λῶ : aor. περιέβα^λον (v. infr.) :—
A.throw round, about, or over, put on or over, c. acc. rei, “φίλας περὶ χεῖρε βαλόντε” Od. 11.211; “περὶ πτερὰ πυκνὰ βαλόντες” Il.11.454; “περὶ δ᾽ ἄντυγα βάλλε φαεινήν” 18.479; “π. χέρας” Ar.Th.914, E.Or.1044: freq. c. dat., “χέρας π. τινί” Id.Ph.1459, etc.; περὶ δ᾽ ὠλένας δέρᾳ . . βάλοιμι ib.165 (lyr.); π. τινὶ δεσμά, βρόχους, A.Pr.52, E.Ba.619; “Τροίᾳ ζευκτήριον” A.Ag. 529; “κρατὶ π. σκότον” E.HF1159; π. τινὰ χαλκεύματι put him round the sword, i. e. stab him, A.Ch.576; also περὶ τὰ στέρνα θώρηκας π. Hdt. 1.215, cf. 5.85; “αἱμασιὴν π. κατὰ τὸν κύκλον” Id.7.60; περὶ ἕρμα π. ναῦν wreck it on . . , Th.7.25:—Med., throw round or over oneself, put on, c. acc. rei, περιβαλλόμενοι τεύχεα putting on their arms, Od.22.148; “περὶ δὲ ζώνην βάλετ᾽ ἰξυῖ” 5.231; “ξίφος περὶ στιβαροῖς βάλετ᾽ ὤμοις” 14.528; εἷμα, φᾶρος περιβάλλεσθαι, Hdt. 1.152, 9.109; “φάρεα καὶ πλοκάμους” E.IT1150(lyr.); “κόσμον σώμασιν” Id.HF334; “κύκλον ὅσον περιβάλλεται αἰθήρ” Hermesian.7.87; freq. of defences, “τεῖχος καὶ σωτηρίην περιβαλέσθαι τοῖς τε χρήμασι καὶ τοῖς σώμασιν” Democr.280; also “ὅταν περιβάλωνται χειρις μοὺς παραλλάττοντας” Phld.Rh.1.8 S.; “π. ἕρκος ἔρυμα τῶν νεῶν” Hdt.9.96; “τείχεα” Id.1.141, cf. 6.46, Th.1.8 ; “ταῖς πόλεσιν ἐρύματα περιβάλλονται” X.Mem.2.1.14; “Πελοποννήσῳ π. ἓν τεῖχος” Arist.Pol.1276a27; λιμένι τεῖχος, χάρακα τῇ παρεμβολῇ, Plb.4.65.11, 5.20.5 ; also περὶ τὴν Πελοπόννησον τεῖχος π. Lys.2.45: c. dupl. acc., τεῖχος περιβαλέσθαι πόλιν build a wall round it, Hdt.1.163 : in pf. Pass., have a thing put round one, Pl.Smp.216d ; τὸ τεῖχος περιβεβλημένος having his wall around him, encompassed by it, Id.Tht. 174e, cf. Arist.Pol.1331a8.
2. metaph., put round or upon a person, i. e. invest him with it, π. τινὶ ἀγαθόν (i. e. βασιληΐην), τυραννίδα, Hdt.1.129, E.Ion829 ; “π. σωτηρίαν [τισί]” Id.HF304; “ὕδασι δουλείαν” Id.Ph.189 (lyr.); “οἶκτον” Id.IA934; τινὶ π. ἀνανδρίαν, i.e. make him faint-hearted, Id.Or.1031; π. τὴν αἰτίαν τῷ ἰατρῷ impute blame to . . , Pall.in Hp.12.283 C.:—Pass., c. acc., to be involved in, “μεγίστην ζημίαν τὸ ταμεῖον περιβληθήσεται” SIG888.87 (Scaptopara, iii A. D.).
II. reversely c. dat. rei, surround, encompass with . . , περιβαλεῖν πλῆθος τῶν ἰχθύων (sc. τῷ ἀμφιβλήστρῳ) Hdt.1.141; “βρόχῳ π. τὸν αὐχένα” Id.4.60 (tm.); [Βόσπορον] πέδαις π. A.Pers.748; “π. τινὰ ὑφάσματι” E.Or.25; “δοραῖσι σῶμα” Id.Cyc.330 ; π. τινὰ χερσί embrace, Id.Or.372 :—Med., surround or enclose for one's advantage or defence, “τὴν νῆσον π. τείχει” Pl.Criti.116a; “χωρίον” X.Cyr.6.3.30; π. θύννους net them, Arist.HA 537a20, cf. 533b25.
2. metaph., π. τινὰ κακῷ, συμφοραῖς, involve one in evil or calamity, E.Or.906, Antipho 3.2.12 ; “ἀνηκέστοις πόλιν συμφοραῖς” And.1.142, cf. Lys.4.20; “ὀνείδει” D.22.35; π. τινὰ φυγῇ, i.e. banish him, Plu.2.775c; “τινὰ κλοπῆς καταδίκῃ” Id.Arist.4 :— Pass., [συμφοραῖς] Phld.Piet.35b.
III. c. acc. only, encompass, surround, περιβάλλει με σκότος, νέφος, E.Ph.1453, HF1140 ; π. ἀλλήλους embrace each other, X.An.4.7.25, cf. Men.Pk.36, 111; also, clothe, τινα Ev.Matt.25.36; τὸ περιβεβλημένον the space enclosed, enclosure, Hdt.2.91; cf. “περίβολος” 11.2 :—Med., ἤλαυνον περιβαλόμενοι [τὰ ὑποζύγια] surrounding them, Id.9.39, cf. X.Cyr.1.4.17.
2. fetch a compass round, double, “ἵπποι περὶ τέρμα βαλοῦσαι” Il.23.462 ; esp. of ships, round a cape, “π. τὸν Ἄθων” Hdt.6.44; “Σούνιον” Th.8.95 : abs., of a hare, double, X.Cyn.5.29, 6.18.
3. amplify, expand, “λόγον” Hermog.Id.1.4, cf. 11: abs., ib.3,al.
IV. Med., bring into one's power, compass, “ἰδίῃ π. ἑωυτῷ κέρδεα” Hdt.3.71; “πολλὰ [χρήματα]” Id.8.8, cf. 7.190; σωφροσύνης δόξαν π. X.Mem.4.2.6; “τὰ λοιπὰ τῶν πραγμάτων περιβαλλόμενος” D.18.231 ; “πλῆθος λείας” Plb.1.29.7, cf. 3.69.7 : pf. Pass., to have come into possession of . . , “πόλιν” Hdt.6.24; “δυναστείας” Isoc.4.184, cf. 2.25.
2. appropriate mentally, comprehend, “περιβάλλεσθαι τῇ διανοίᾳ τὰς πράξεις” Id.5.118; πολλὰ περιβεβλῆσθαι πράγματα to have aimed at learning many things, Men.683; logically, ξύμπαντα τὰ οἰκεῖα . . γένους τινὸς οὐσίᾳ π. embrace, Pl.Plt.285b.
3. use circumlocution, κομψῶς κύκλῳ π. Id.Smp.222c, cf. Phdr.272d.
V. throw beyond, beat in throwing: hence generally, excel, surpass, “μνηστῆρας δώροισι” Od.15.17 ; π. ἀρετῇ to be superior in . . , Il.23.276.
VI. π. τὸ λουτρόν take a bath, Cass.Pr.5 ; π. πρὸς λουτρόν ibid.
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (81):
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