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πηγή , Dor. πα_γά , ἡ,
A.running water, used by Hom. always in pl., streams, “πηγαὶ ποταμῶν” Il.20.9, cf. Hdt.1.189, A.Pr.89,434(lyr.), Pers.311, E.HF1297, Rh.827 (lyr.); “κρουνὼ δ᾽ ἵκανον καλλιρρόω, ἔνθα δὲ πηγαὶ δοιαὶ ἀναΐσσουσι” Il.22.147 : sg., καλλιρρόου ἔψαυσα π. A.Pers. 202, cf. 613.
2. metaph., of tears, πηγαὶ κλαυμάτων, δακρύων, streams . . , Id.Ag.888, S.Ant.803, Tr.852 (lyr.): abs., “παρειὰν νοτίοις ἔτεγξα παγαῖς” A.Pr.402 (lyr.), cf. E.Alc.1068, etc. ; also πηγαὶ γάλακτος, βοτρύων, S.El.895, E.Cyc.496 (lyr.); πόντου πηγαῖς with sea-water, Id.IT1039 ; πηγαὶ τροφῆς τῷ γεννωμένῳ, of mother's milk, Pl.Mx.237e; “π. μαστῶν” Inscr.Cos 218.8.
II. fount, source, “τοῦ Νείλου” Hdt.2.28, 4.53 (pl.), OGI168.9 (Syene, ii B. C.), Str.17.1.52 (pl.); πηγαὶ ἡλίου the fount of light, i. e. the South, A.Pr.809 ; πηγαὶ νυκτός the North, S.Fr.956 ; “παγὰ ἐπέων” Pi.P.4.299 ; πυρὸς παγαί ib.1.22, cf. A.Pr.110, Pl.Ti.79d ; πηγὴ ἀργύρου, of the silver-mines at Laureion, A.Pers.238 ; τῆς ἀκουούσης π. δι᾽ ὤτων, i.e. the sense of hearing, S.OT1387 ; ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἀρχῆς καὶ π. Arist.PA668a15, cf. Plu.2.856e.
2. metaph., source, origin, mostly in sg., κακῶν π. A.Pers.743 ; αἱ τέχναι, ἃς πηγάς “φασι τῶν καλῶν εἶναι” X.Cyr.7.2.13 ; “π. καὶ ἀρχὴ κινήσεως” Pl.Phdr.245c; π. ἡδονῶν, τοῦ φρονεῖν, νοσημάτων, etc., Id.Phlb.62d, Lg.808d, Ti.85b, etc. ; “ἀρχαὶ καὶ π. τῶν στάσεων” Arist.Pol.1301b5, cf. Pl.Lg.690d ; “π. τῆς κακοπραγμοσύνης” Plb.18.40.3 ; βέβηκα π. εἰς ἐμάς I have returned to the source of my existence, Epigr.Gr.463 (Crommyon), cf. Dam.Pr. 95,al.
3. inner canthus of eye, supposed source of tears, Poll.2.71, Hsch.(both pl.).
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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