Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, πρόφα^σ-ις

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I. alleged motive, plea, without implication of truth or falsity, ἐπὶ σμικρῇ π. Thgn.323; “νόστου π. γλυκεροῦ κώλυεν μεῖναι” Pi. P.4.32; “κατὰ θεωρίης πρόφασιν ἐκπλώσας” Hdt.1.29; “π. ἔχων, ὡς . . ” Id.6.133; καὶ ἐπὶ μεγάλῃ καὶ ἐπὶ βραχείᾳ π. whether the plea put forward be a trifle or a weighty matter, Th.1.141; τῆς αἰτίας τὴν π. the plea in the case, the basis of the charge, Lys.9.7; τοιαύτας ἔχοντες π. καὶ αἰτίας pleas and motives, Th.3.13; π. ἐπιεικής ib.9; “ἀναγκαῖαι” Is.4.20, D.54.17; προφάσεις ἀληθεῖς λέγοντος pleading what was in fact true, And.4.17.

2. falsely alleged motive (or cause), pretext, pretence, excuse, π. ἰδίης ἀβουλίης an excuse for . ., Democr.119; “οὔτε τιν᾽ ἔχων π. οὔτε λόγον εὐτράπελον” Ar.V.468 (lyr.); “καλλίστην εἶναι π., τιμωρεῖσθαι μὲν δοκεῖν, ἔργῳ δὲ χρηματίζεσθαι” Lys.12.6: abs. in acc., πρόφασιν in pretence, ostensibly, “στενάχοντο γυναῖκες Πάτροκλον π., σφῶν δ᾽ αὐτῶν κήδε᾽ ἑκάστη” Il.19.302, cf. Hdt.5.33, E.IA362 (troch.), Ar.Eq.466, etc.; opp. τὸ ἀληθές, Th.6.33: in dat., “προφάσει” Id.3.86; προφάσει τῶν δημοσίων on the pretence that public debts are owing, OGI669.15 (Egypt, i A.D.); προφάσιος [εἵνεκεν], προφάσεως ἕνεκα, Hdt.4.135, Antipho 6.14; “προφάσεως χάριν” Arist.Pol.1297a14; ἐκ μικρᾶς π. Plb.2.17.3; “ἐπὶ προφάσιος” Hdt.7.150: folld. by an inf., αὕτη γὰρ ἦν σοι π. ἐκβαλεῖν ἐμέ for casting me out, S.Ph.1034; “οὔτε . . ἔστιν οὐδεμία π. τοῦ μὴ δρᾶν” Pl.Ti.20c; π. τοῖς δειλοῖς ἔχει μὴ ἰέναι gives them an excuse or plea for not going, Id.R.469c; “οὐδεμία σοι π. ἐστιν ὡς . . ” X.Cyr.2.2.15; εὑρὼν π. BGU 1024 vi 21 (iv A.D.).

b. phrases, πρόφασιν διδόναι, ἐνδοῦναι, allow, afford an excuse, D.43.53, 18.158; “οὐκ ἐνδώσομεν π. οὐδενὶ κακῷ γενέσθαι” Th.2.87; π. μηδεμίαν θέμενος making no excuse, Thgn.364; π. προτεῖναι put forward a pretext, Hdt. 1.156; “π. τὴν Παυσανίεω ὕβριν προϊσχόμενοι” Id.8.3; “προφάσεις παρέχειν” Ar.Av.581, cf. D.10.35, 18.156; προφάσιας εἷλκον kept making pretences, Hdt.6.86; “πάσας π. ἕλκουσιν” Ar.Lys.726; “π. δέχεσθαι” Pl.Cra. 421d (cf. “ἀγών” 111.5); “π. εὑρίσκειν τοῦ ἀδικήματος” Antipho 5.65; “π. καλῶς εὑρημένη” Archipp.36; “ἔχθρας π. ζητήσουσιν” Pl.Phdr.234a, cf. PCair.Zen.270.9 (iii B.C.); “π. τινὰ πρεσβείας πορισάμενοι” Pl.Ep.350a; “π. κατασκευάσαι” X.Cyr.2.4.17; ἔχει προφάσεις it is excusable, ib.3.1.27; “πρόφασιν ταύτην τῆς διαφορᾶς ποιούμενος” Pl.Ep.349d; “προφάσεις εὐλόγους εἰλήφεσαν” D.18.152; “ἐχόμενος προφάσιος” Hdt.6.94; “ἐπιλαβέσθαι” Id.3.36, 6.49; “τὰς π. ἀφελεῖν” D.2.27; “προφάσεως δεῖσθαι” Arist. Rh.1373a3: personified, τὰν Ἐπιμαθέος ὀψινόου θυγατέρα Π. Pi.P.5.28.

c. elliptically, μή μοι πρόφασιν no excuse, no shuffling, Ar. Ach.345; “μὴ προφάσεις ἐνταῦθά μοι” Alex.127.1.

II. the actual motive, purpose, or cause, whether alleged or not, “οὔτ᾽ εὐνῆς πρόφασιν κεχρημένος οὔτε τευ ἄλλου” Il.19.262; “ἐπ᾽ αὐτομολίας προφάσει ἀπέρχονται” Th.7.13; τὸ ἐκ προφάσεως τῶν . . στρατιωτῶν δηληγατευθὲν μέτρον ἐλαίου for the purpose of . ., PLips.64.2, cf. 8 (iv A.D.); “τὴν ἀληθεστάτην π., ἀφανεστάτην δὲ λόγῳ” Th.1.23, cf. 6.6, D.18.156, SIG 888.138 (Scaptopara, iii A.D., pl.): esp. as a medical t.t., external exciting cause, ἐκ πάσης π. ἐκτιτ ρώσκουσι they miscarry on any provocation, Hp.Aph.3.12, cf.Epid.3.3, 3.17.ιά, Acut.(Sp.）6; “τοὺς δ᾽ ἄλλους ἀπ᾽ οὐδεμιᾶς π . . . τῆς κεφαλῆς θέρμαι . . ἐλάμβανε” Th.2.49: pl., Hp. Aër.16, Fract.15, al.: generally, cause, “σμικρὰ π. ἔξωθεν” Pl.R.556e; βραχεῖα π. Hp.Coac.477; “ἀπὸ μηδεμιᾶς π. ἔξωθεν ἀξιολόγου” Diocl.Fr. 82; φανερὴ π. Hp.Aph.2.41, cf. X.HG6.4.33; “ἐπεὶ δέ οἱ ἔδεε κακῶς γενέσθαι, ἐγένετο ἀπὸ προφάσιος τὴν ἐγὼ . . ἀπηγήσομαι” Hdt.2.161, cf. 4.145, 7.230; “ἄνθρωπός εἰμι, τοῦτο δ᾽ αὐτὸ τῷ βίῳ π. μεγίστην εἰς τὸ λυπεῖσθαι φέρει” Diph.106, cf. Men.230,811, Philem.194; βραχείας προφάσεως ἔδει μόνον ἐφ᾽ ᾗ . . δεξόμεθα . . it needed but a little to move us to . ., E.IA1180.

2. occasion, θοἰμάτιον δεικνὺς τοδὶ πρόφασιν ἔφασκον, ὦ γύναι, λίαν σπαθᾷς I said à propos, . . I took occasion to say . ., Ar.Nu.55; ἐπὶ τῇ ἐμῇ π. à propos of me, Lys.6.19; ἐπὶ τῇ π. τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ ἀρχῆς on the occasion of my accession, PFay.20.11 (iii/iv A.D.).

III. persuasion, suggestion, dub.l.in S.Tr.662 (lyr.).

IV. preface, τὰς σημειώσεις ὑπὸ μίαν ἐκθησόμεθα π. Dsc.Ther.3.

Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (63):
- Andocides, Against Alcibiades, 17
- Antiphon, On the Choreutes, 14
- Antiphon, On the murder of Herodes, 65
- Aristophanes, Acharnians, 345
- Aristophanes, Birds, 581
- Aristophanes, Knights, 466
- Aristophanes, Lysistrata, 726
- Aristophanes, Wasps, 468
- Demosthenes, Olynthiac 2, 27
- Demosthenes, Philippic 4, 35
- Demosthenes, On the Crown, 156
- Demosthenes, On the Crown, 152
- Demosthenes, On the Crown, 158
- Demosthenes, Against Macartatus, 53
- Demosthenes, Against Conon, 17
- Euripides, Iphigeneia in Aulis, 362
- Euripides, Iphigeneia in Aulis, 1180
- Herodotus, Histories, 1.29
- Herodotus, Histories, 4.135
- Herodotus, Histories, 8.3
- Herodotus, Histories, 1.156
- Herodotus, Histories, 2.161
- Herodotus, Histories, 3.36
- Herodotus, Histories, 4.145
- Herodotus, Histories, 5.33
- Herodotus, Histories, 6.133
- Herodotus, Histories, 6.49
- Herodotus, Histories, 6.86
- Herodotus, Histories, 6.94
- Herodotus, Histories, 7.150
- Herodotus, Histories, 7.230
- Homer, Iliad, 19.262
- Homer, Iliad, 19.302
- Isaeus, Nicostratus, 20
- Lysias, For the Soldier, 7
- Lysias, Against Eratosthenes, 6
- Lysias, Against Andocides, 19
- Plato, Republic, 469c
- Plato, Republic, 556e
- Plato, Cratylus, 421d
- Plato, Phaedrus, 234a
- Plato, Timaeus, 20c
- Sophocles, Philoctetes, 1034
- Sophocles, Trachiniae, 662
- Thucydides, Histories, 3.13
- Thucydides, Histories, 1.23
- Thucydides, Histories, 2.49
- Thucydides, Histories, 6.6
- Thucydides, Histories, 7.13
- Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 2.4.17
- Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 3.1.27
- Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 2.2.15
- Xenophon, Hellenica, 6.4.33
- Polybius, Histories, 2.17.3
- Aristophanes, Clouds, 55
- Thucydides, Histories, 1.141
- Hippocrates, Aphorismi, 2.41
- Hippocrates, Aphorismi, 3.12
- Hippocrates, De morbis popularibus, 3.3
- Hippocrates, De fracturis, 15
- Thucydides, Histories, 2.87
- Thucydides, Histories, 3.86
- Thucydides, Histories, 6.33

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Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

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