Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

A.application, “ναρθήκων” Hp.Fract.6; of pessaries, Id.Mul.1.11 (pl.), Nat.Mul.11; of ladders, π. [κλίμακος] Th.4.135, cf. Plb.5.60.7; of the cupping-instrument, Arist.Rh.1405b3; κόμης προσθέσεις the use of false hair, Philostr.Ep.22: metaph., Phld.Sign. 26.

2. attachment, “ζῳδίων” IG12.374.287; of leaf to stem, Thphr. HP7.6.2.

II. administration of food, nourishment, Hp.Aph. 1.19 (pl.), Gal.Nat.Fac.1.11, 17(2).364.

III. addition, “διὰ τὴν π. τοῦ ἑτέρου τῷ ἑτέρῳ” Pl.Phd.97a, cf. 101b, 101c; “αὔξησις κατὰ πρόσθεσιν” Arist.GC333b1, cf. Ph.245a27; opp. ἀφαίρεσις, ib.190b6, Hp.Acut.38; so in arithmetical sense, ἀριθμεῖσθαι κατὰ π. Arist. Metaph.1081b14, cf. 1092b31.

b. increase, Vett.Val.20.17.

2. in the Logic of Aristotle, addition of marks (such as properties, accidents, and the like ) to determine a general term, Int.21b27, Metaph. 1029b30; ἀκρατὴς κατὰ πρόσθεσιν with a difference, opp. ἁπλῶς, Arist.EN 1148a10; ὁ ἐκ προσθέσεως λόγος, opp. ὁ ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως, Id.Metaph. 1030b15; hence ἐκ προσθέσεως, of mixed, opp. ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως, of pure sciences, Id.Cael.299a17; ἡ ἐξ ἐλαττόνων [ἐπιστήμη], opp. ἡ ἐκ π., of arithmetic opp. geometry, Id.APo.87a34, cf.Metaph.982a27.

IV. assignment, prouision, SIG l.c.

V. Gramm., addition of a letter or syllable (as ϝ in ϝ-ρῆξις, ἀ in ἄ-σταχυς), Trypho Pass.1.11, 3.2.

VI. π. τοῦ ἡλίου increase of the sun's heat, i.e. spring, PMag.Leid.W.9.48.

VII. in Music, pause of two time-units, Aristid.Quint.1.18.

VIII. (προστίθεμαι) assent, Arr.Epict.1.4.11; “ψεύδεσι” Stoic.3.147.

2. aid, succour, “π. τοῦ θεοῦ” Polyaen.2.3.8.