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πρόσωπον , τό: pl. πρόσωπα, Ep. (Aeol.acc. to Sch.Il.7.212)
A.“προσώπατα” Od.18.192, AP5.230 (Maced.), Opp.C.1.419, etc.; dat. “προσώπασι” Il.7.212: a masc. nom. πρόσωπος is cited from Pl.Com.250:— face, countenance (cf. μέτωπον), Hom., always in pl., even of a single person, Il.7.212, 18.414, Od.19.361, al. (exc. Il.18.24), and so in Hes. Op.594 (v.l. -πον), S.Fr.871.6(v.infr.), El.1277(lyr.), OC314, X.An. 2.6.11(dub.), AP9.322（Leon.): sg. in h.Hom.10.2,31.12, and usu. in later writers; “π. κλιθὲν προσώπῳ” Simon.37.12; “εἰς π. βλέπειν” E. Hipp.280; ἐς π. τινὸς ἀφικέσθαι come before him, ib.720; “π. πρός τινα στρέφειν” Id.Ph.457; “οὐκ ὄψεσθε τὸ π. μου” LXXGe.43.3, cf. UPZ 70.5 (ii B.C.); κατὰ πρόσωπον in front, facing, Th.1.106, X.Cyr.1.6.43, etc.; τὴν κατὰ π. τῆς ἀντίας φάλαγγος τάξιν ib.6.3.35; κατὰ π. Αἰγύπτου facing, fronting Egypt, LXX Ge.25.18; opp. κατὰ νώτου, Plb. 1.28.9; κατὰ π. ἄγειν, opp. κατὰ κέρας ὑπεραίρειν, Id.11.14.6, etc.; κατὰ π. in person, “ἡ κατὰ π. ἔντευξις” Plu.Caes.17; κατὰ π. παραμυθήσασθαι, opp. διὰ τοῦ ψαφίσματος, IG42(1).86.22 (Epid.); so “κατὰ πρόσωπα” Eudox.Ars11.21; also πρὸς τὸ π. X.Cyn.10.9; ἐπὶ προσώπου Ἰεριχώ in front of Jericho, LXX De.34.1; “ἔρρ᾽ ἐκ προσώπου” Herod. 8.59; “ἀπὸ π. τῆς γῆς” LXXAm.9.8; βλέπειν εἰς π. τινός regard his countenance, Ev.Matt.22.16: usu. of the face of man or God, as “λειτουργῶν τῷ π. Κυρίου” LXX 1 Ki.2.11; οἱ ἄρτοι τοῦ π., of shewbread, ib.21.6: of the ibis, Hdt.2.76; of dogs, “ἀπὸ τῶν π. φαιδραί” X.Cyn.4.2; of horses, Arist.HA631a5; of deer, ib.579a2; of fish, Anaxandr. 30,33.16; face of the moon, S.Fr.871.6 (pl.), Plu.2.920b: metaph., “ἀργυρωθεῖσαι πρόσωπα . . ἀοιδαί” Pi.I.2.8.
2. front, façade, Id.P.6.14, cf. E.Ion 189 (lyr., pl.); κατὰ π. τοῦ ἱεροῦ, τῆς νεώς, PPetr.3p.2 (iii B.C.), Ach.Tat.3.1,2; “τιθέναι τὰς φιάλας ἐπὶ πρόσωπον” Asclep.Myrl. ap.Ath.11.501d.
II. one's look, countenance, A.Ag.639,794 (anap., pl.), Eu.990 (anap., pl.), etc.; οὐ τὸ σὸν δείσας π. S.OT448: metaph., “φαίνοισα π. Ἀλάθεια” Pi.N.5.17.
2. Astrol., decan considered as the domain of a planet, ἐν ἰδίοις π. Vett.Val.62.21, Paul. Al.C.2.
III. = προσωπεῖον, mask, D.19.287 (-εῖον is v.l.), Arist. Po.1449a36, b4, Pr.958a17, Dsc.3.144 (v.l.), Poll.2.47; “π. ὑπάργυρον κατάχρυσον” IG12.276.6, cf. 42(1).102.58,68 (Epid., iv B.C.), Clara Rhodos 6/7.428; ὀθόνινον π. prob. in Pl.Com.142; “π. περίθετον” Aristomen.5; of the Roman imagines, Plb.6.53.5; bust or portrait, Sammelb.5221, OGI432.1 (Naksh-i-Rustam, iii A.D.).
2. dramatic part, character, Phld.Rh.1.199S., Arr.Epict.1.29.45 and 57; κωφὸν π. Cic.Att.13.19.3; character in a book, τὸ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ὄνομα καὶ π. Plb.8.11.5; τὸ τοῦ Ὀδυσσέως π. Id.12.27.10, cf. Phld.Po.5.32; also ἀστοχεῖν τοῦ π., of an author, Callisth.44J.; “ἐπὶ προσχήματι καὶ π. δικαστῶν” Ael.Fr.168.
IV. person, Phld.Rh.1.52S. (pl.); “ἀδίκως μὴ κρῖνε πρόσωπον” Ps.-Phoc.10; προσώπῳ, οὐ καρδίᾳ in person, in bodily presence, 1 Ep.Thess.2.17, cf. 2 Ep.Cor.5.12; ποιεῖν or πληροῦν τὸ π. τινός to represent a person, PRein.56.30 (iv A.D.), Sammelb. 6000ii 12 (vi A.D.); λαμβάνειν π. τινός admit a person to one's presence, “εἰ προσδέξεταί σε, εἰ λήψεται πρόσωπόν σου” LXXMa.1.8; hence, = προσωποληπτεῖν, Ev.Luc.20.21, Ep.Gal.2.6; μὴ ἀποστρέψῃς τὸ π. μου, i.e. do not reject my prayer, LXX 3 Ki.2.20; θαυμάσαι π. ἀσεβοῦς ib.Pr.18.5; ὁ θεὸς ὁ μέγας . . , ὅστις οὐ θαυμάζει π. οὐδὲ οὐ μὴ λάβῃ δῶρον ib.De.10.17.
2. legal personality, Bion Borysth. ap. D.L.4.46.
3. Gramm., person, D.T.638.4,A.D.Pron.3.12, etc.; γυναικεῖα π. Alex.Trall.2.
4. π. πόλεως a feature of the city, of a person, Cic.Fam.15.17.2.
5. f.l.in Zeno Stoic.1.23 (cf.Nicol.Prog.p.4 F.).
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (52):
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    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 13.19.3
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    • Euripides, Phoenician Women, 457
    • Herodotus, Histories, 2.76
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    • Homer, Iliad, 18.414
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    • Homeric Hymns, Hymn 31 to Helios, 12
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    • Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 1.6.43
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    • Homer, Iliad, 18.24
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    • Polybius, Histories, 11.14.6
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    • Plutarch, Caesar, 17
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    • Achilles Tatius, Leucippe et Clitophon, 3.1
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