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σφάλλω , S.Fr.192, Hdt.7.16.ά, etc.: fut.
A.σφα^λῶTh.7.67: aor. 1 ἔσφηλα, Ep. “σφῆλαOd.17.464, Dor. “ἔσφα_λαPi.P.8.15: but the intrans. “ἔσφαλενLXX Jb.21.10, Si.13.22, Am.5.2, opt. σφάλαι ib.Jb. 18.7, are prob. forms of a Hellenistic aor. 1 Ε῎σφα^λα (presupposing Ε῎σφα^λον as ἦλθα presupposes ἦλθον, etc.): pf. “ἔσφαλκαPlb.8.9.2:— Pass., fut. “σφα^λήσομαιS.Tr.719,1113, Th.3.14, etc.; freq. in med. form σφα^λοῦμαι, S.Fr.588, X.Smp.2.26: aor. ἐσφάλην [α^] Alc.Supp. 27.13 (prob.), Hdt.4.140, Th.8.24, etc.; ἐσφάλθην only in Gal.5.62: pf. “ἔσφαλμαιE.Andr.896, Pl.Cra.436c: plpf. “ἔσφαλτοTh.7.47:— make to fall, overthrow, properly by tripping up, trip up in wrestling, “οὔτ᾽ Ὀδυσεὺς δύνατο σφῆλαι οὔδει τε πελάσσαιIl.23.719; “οὐδ᾽ ἄρα μιν σφῆλεν βέλοςOd.17.464; “ἝκτοραPi.O.2.81; “ἀλλάλους σφάλλοντι παλαίμασιTheoc.24.112; [πώλους] E.Hipp.1232; “γόνυ τινόςId.Heracl.128; “τινὰ γνύξA.R.3.1310; “τινὰ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆνD.S.14.23; τὸ μὴ ὑπερπίνειν ἧττον ἂν καὶ σώματα καὶ γνώμας ς. X.Cyr.8.8.10, cf. 1.3.10 (Pass.); ς. ναῦς throw them on their beam-ends, Plu.Them.14, cf. Polyaen.3.11.13; [ἵπποι] ἔσφηλαν (gnomic aor.) τὸν ἀναβάτην throw him, X.Eq.3.9:—Pass., to be tripped up, “Φρυνίχου παλαίσμασινAr. Ra.689 (troch.); of a drunken man, σφαλλόμενος προσέρχεται reeling, staggering, Id.V.1324, cf. Heraclit. 117; “ς. ὑπὸ οἴνουX.Lac.5.7, cf. AP11.26 (Marc. Arg.); “ς. ἵπποςPlu.Phil.18; ς. [ἱππεύς] is thrown, X. Eq.7.7.
II. generally, cause to fall, overthrow, “βία καὶ μεγάλαυχον ἔσφαλενPi.P.8.15; “ἀνθρώπων κακῶν ὁμιλίαι ς. τινάHdt.7.16.“ά; σμικροὶ λόγοι ἔσφηλαν ἤδη καὶ κατώρθωσαν βροτούςS.El.416; “σφάλλω . . ὅσοι φρονοῦσιν εἰς ἡμᾶς μέγαE.Hipp.6; [“ὀργὴ] πλεῖστα . . ς. βροτούςId.Fr.31; καταφρόνησις, ἀπειρία ς. τινά, Th.1.122, 2.87: abs., “ἀτρεκεῖς ἐπιτηδεύσεις φασὶ σφάλλειν πλέον τέρπεινE.Hipp.262 (anap.): also of things, “ἁμαρτίαι ς. τὴν σωτηρίανS.Fr.192; “δειναὶ τύχαι ς. δόμουςE.Med.198 (anap.); “ς. τὰς πόλειςTh.3.37, etc.; “ς. δίκανE.Andr.780 (lyr.); σφάλλων, name of a throw of the dice, Eub.57.5 (s. v.l.):—Pass., to be overthrown, fall, esp. of persons falling from high fortunes, “σφαλεὶς γὰρ οὐδεὶς εὖ βεβουλεῦσθαι δοκεῖChaerem. 26, cf. S.Tr.297,719, E.Fr.262.2, etc.; ἢν σφαλῇ [ἡ Ἑλλάς] Hdt.7.168; ἢν ἄρα τι σφαλλώμεθα, opp. κατορθοῦν, Th.1.140, cf. Ar. Ra.736 (troch.), Pl.351; “σφαλλομένους ἐπανορθῶνX.Mem.2.4.6; “ταῖς τύχαις σφάλλεσθαιTh.2.87, cf. 43; ὑπὸ νόσων, ἐρώτων, μέθης ἐσφαλμένος, Pl.R.396d; ὑπὸ χρόνων τι ς. suffer from length of time, Id.Lg.769c: c. dat. modi, “σφάλλεσθαι ἀξιόχρεῳ δυνάμειTh.6.10; “τοῖς ἀγῶσιId.7.61; “τοῖς ὅλοιςPlb.1.43.8: with a Prep., “ἐν τῇ μάχῃX. HG7.2.2, cf. Hdt.7.50; “τι ἐν τοῖς λόγοιςPl.Grg.461d; “περί τιId.R. 451a; “περί τινοςPlu.2.164c: with neut. Adj., “σφάλλεσθαι ἓν μέγαPl.Lg.648e; ἐν τοῖς δικασταῖς, κοὐκ ἐμοί, τόδ᾽ ἐσφάλη this mishap took place by means of . . , S.Aj.1136; οὔ τι μὴ σφαλῶ γ᾽ ἐν σοί I shall not fail in thy business, Id.Tr.621.
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