A.concord or unison of sound, “τὴν ἐν τῇ ᾠδῇ ἁρμονίαν, ἢ δὴ ς. καλεῖται” Pl.Cra.405d; “ἡ γὰρ ἁρμονία ς. ἐστί, ς. δὲ ὁμολογία τις” Id.Smp.187b, cf. R.430e; “λόγος ἀριθμῶν ἐν ὀξεῖ ἢ βαρεῖ” Arist.AP0.90a18, cf. de An.426a29; “κρᾶσίς ἐστι λόγον ἐχόντων ἐναντίων πρὸς ἄλληλα” Id.Pr.921a2.
2. of two sounds only, musical concord, accord, such as the fourth, fifth, and octave, Pl.R.531a, 531c; ἡ διὰ πασῶν ς. Arist.Pr.921a13, cf. Hp.Vict.1.8; distd. from mere ὁμοφωνία, Arist.Pol.1263b35.
3. harmonious union of many voices or sounds, concert, οἱ τῶν ς. λόγοι, the Pythag. doctrine of the music of the spheres, Id.Cael.290b22, cf. IG14.793 (Naples).
II. metaph., harmony, agreement, Pl.Lg.689d, Arist.Pol.1334b10; “ς. τις καὶ ἰσότης” Thphr.Fr.89.8; “ς. τῷ λόγῳ” Pl.R.401d; “ς. [τῆς ψυχῆς] ἑαυτῇ” Id.Ti.47d; μείξας πάντα κατὰ συμφωνίαν, of a cook, Damox.2.54; unanimily, “ς. τῶν ἱστορησάντων” Gal.15.134; opp. διαφωνία, ib. 440; concordance, of theory with observed fact, ἔχειν τοῖς φαινομένοις ς. Epicur.Ep.2p.36U., cf. Phld.Mort.10; also ἡ πρὸς τὰ πάθη ς. Polystr.p.15 W.: in concrete sense, ἡ ς., = τὸ συμπεφωνημένον (cf. “συμφωνέω” 11.2), the amount agreed upon, Ostr.364 (i A.D.).
III. band, orchestra, “Ἑλληνικά” 1.19 (Gytheum, i A.D.), PFlor.74.5 (ii A.D.), POxy.1275.9 (iii A.D.), and so perh. in Plb.26.1.4, 30.26.8, but used of a musical instrument in LXXDa.3.5; so Lat. symphonia, of a kind of drum, Isid.Etym.3.22.14, but of a wind instrument, Plin.HN8.157; symphoniae et cymbala strepitusque, Cels.3.18.10; “ἤκουσε συμφωνίας καὶ Χορῶν” Ev.Luc.15.25.
