A.art, skill, cunning of hand, esp. in metalworking, Od.3.433, 6.234, 11.614; also of a shipwright, Il.3.61; of a soothsayer, A.Ag.249 (pl., lyr.), Eu.17, S.OT389, etc.; “τέχναι ἑτέρων ἕτεραι” Pi.N.1.25; “ὤπασε τ. πᾶσαν” Id.O.7.50.
2. craft, cunning, in bad sense, δολίη τ. Od.4.455, Hes.Th.160: pl., arts, wiles, Od.8.327.332, Hes.Th.496,929; “δολίαις τέχναισι χρησάμενος” Pi.N.4.58; τέχναις τινός by his arts (or simply by his agency), Id.O.9.52, P.3.11; τέχνην κακὴν ἔχει he has a bad trick, Hes.Th.770, cf. Pi.I.4(3).35(53), S Ph.88, etc.
3. way, manner, or means whereby a thing is gained, without any definite sense of art or craft, μηδεμιῇ τ. in no wise, Hdt.1.112; ἰθέῃ τ. straightway, Id.9.57; πάσῃ τ. by all means, Ar.Nu.1323, Th.65, Ec.366; παντοίᾳ τ. S.Aj.752, etc.; “οὐκ ἀποστήσομαι . . οὔτε τ. οὔτε μηχανῇ οὐδεμιᾷ” IG12.39.22; “πάσῃ τ. καὶ μηχανῇ” X.An.4.5.16; “μήτε τ. μήτε μηχανῇ μηδεμιᾷ” Lys.13.95.
II. an art, craft, “πᾶσαι τέχναι βροτοῖσιν ἐκ Προμηθέως” A.Pr. 506, cf. IG12.678; τὴν τ. ἐπίστασθαι to know the craft, Hdt.3.130; φλαύρως ἔχειν τὴν τ. ibid.; “τῆς τ. ἔμπειρος” Ar.Ra.811; ταύτην τέχνην ἔχει he makes this his trade, Lys.1.16, cf. 6.7; ἐν τῇ τ. εἶναι practise it, S.OT562, Pl.Prt.317c; ἐπὶ τέχνῃ μαθεῖν τι to learn a thing professionally, opp. ἐπὶ παιδείᾳ, ib.312b, cf. 315a; “τέχναι καὶ ἐργασίαι” X.Mem.3.10.1; τέχνην τὸ πρᾶγμα πεποιημένοι having made a trade of it, D.37.53; τέχνας ἀσκεῖν, μελετᾶν, ἐργάζεσθαι, to practise them,X. Cyr.1.6.26,41 (Pass.), Oec.4.3; πατρῴαν τέχναν ἐργάζεσθαι ἁλιεύεσθαι Πρακτικὰ Ἀρχ. Ἑτ.1932.52 (Dodona, iv B.C.); ἰατρὸς τὴν τ. POxy. 40.5 (ii A.D.); τεθεραπευκὼς ἀνεγκλήτως τῇ τ., of a barber, PEnteux. 47.3 (iii B.C.); παραμενῶ πρὸς ὑπηρεσίαν τῆς τ. (viz. weaving) Sammelb. 7358.20 (iii A.D.); ἀπὸ τεχνῶν τρέφεσθαι live by them, X.Lac. 7.1.
III. an art or craft, i.e. a set of rules, system or method of making or doing, whether of the useful arts, or of the fine arts, Epich.171.11, Pl.Phdr.245a, Arist.Rh.1354a11, EN1140a8; “ἡ ἐμπειρία τέχνην ἐποίησεν, ἡ δ᾽ ἀπειρία τύχην” Polus ap. eund.Metaph. 981a4; ἡ περὶ τοὺς λόγους τ. the Art of Rhetoric, Pl.Phd.90b; οἱ τὰς τ. τῶν λόγων συντιθέντες systems of rhetoric, Arist.Rh.1354a12, cf. Isoc.13.19, Pl.Phdr.271c, Phld.Rh.2.50 S., al.; hence title of various treatises on Rhetoric (v. VI; but rather tricks of Rhetoric, in Aeschin. 1.117); τέχνῃ by rules of art, Pl.Euthd.282d; “ἢ φύσει ἢ τέχνῃ” Id.R. 381b; “τέχνῃ καὶ ἐπιστήμῃ” Id.Ion532c; ἄνευ τέχνης, μετὰ τέχνης, Id.Phd.89e: τ. defined as ἕξις ὁδοποιητική, Zeno Stoic.1.20, cf. Cleanth. ib.1.110.
IV. = τέχνημα, work of art, handiwork, “κρατῆρες . . , ἀνδρὸς εὔχειρος τέχνη” S.OC472; “ὅπλοις . . , Ἡφαίστου τέχνῃ” Id.Fr. 156, cf. Str.14.1.14, PLond.3.854.4 (ii A.D.), Paus.6.25.1, al.
V. = συντεχνία, ἡ τ. τῶν λιθουργῶν, τῶν σακκοφόρων, Dumont-Homolle Mélanges d' archéol. et d' épigr.p.378 No.65,66 (Perinthus); τ. βυρσέων, συροποιῶν, IGRom.1.717,1482 (both Philippopolis); τοὺς καταλειπομένους ἀπὸ τῇς τ. BGU1572.12 (ii A.D.); ὁ χαλκεὺς ἀπὸ τῆς τ. SIG 1140 (Amphipolis).
VI. treatise on Grammar, D.T. tit., or on Rhetoric, Anaximenes Lampsacenus tit.
