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τολμ-άω , Ion. τολμέω Hdt. 8.77; Dor. 2sg.
A.“τολμῇς” Theoc.5.35: fut. “τολμήσω” S.El. 471, Dor. “-α_σῶ” Theoc.14.67: pf. “τετόλμηκα” A.Pr. 333, Dor. “-α_κα” Pi.P.5.117:—Med., Lys.Oxy.1606.420 (Bodl. Quarterly Record 5 (1928).303):—undertake, take heart either to do or bear anything terrible or difficult:
1. mostly abs., dare, endure, submit (v. Τλάω）“, ἐνὶ φρεσὶ θυμὸς ἐτόλμα” Il.10.232; σὺ δ᾽ (sc. κραδίη）“ ἐτόλμας” Od. 20.20; “οὐδέ οἱ ἵπποι τόλμων” Il.12.51; “ἐγὼ δ᾽ ἐτόλμησ᾽” A.Pr.237, etc.; “αἱ συμφοραὶ τοὺς ἡσυχίους τολμᾶν βιάζονται” Antipho 3.2.1; “τ. καὶ ἐκλογίζεσθαι” Th.2.40; τολμῶντες ἄνδρες ib.43, cf. S.Tr.583; “χρὴ τολμᾶν . . ἐν ἄλγεσι κείμενον ἄνδρα” Thgn.555; “τόλμα κακοῖσιν” Id.355, 1029; “τόλμα” S.Ph.82; τόλμησον ib.481: in part., τολμήσας . . παρέστη he took courage and . . , Plu.Cam.22, cf. Ev.Marc.15.43.
2. c. acc. rei, endure, undergo, “τ. χρὴ τὰ διδοῦσι θεοί” Thgn.591, cf. E. Hec.333, Pl.Lg.872e.
II. c. inf., to have the courage, hardihood, effrontery, cruelty, or the grace, patience, to do a thing in spite of any natural feeling, dare, or bring oneself, to do, “εἰ . . τολμήσεις Διὸς ἄντα . . ἔγχος ἀεῖραι” Il.8.424, cf. 13.395, 17.68, Od.9.332, S.Aj.528, Ar.Nu. 550, Lys.32.2, etc.; “τόλμησον ὀρθῶς φρονεῖν” A.Pr.999, cf. Thgn. 81,377, etc.; τ. κατακεῖσθαι submit to keep one's bed, Hp.Fract.10; “τ. ἀποθανεῖν” Ep.Rom.5.7; “οὐδὲ ἀπαιτούμενοι τὸν λόγον ἐτόλμησαν ἡμῖν δοῦναι” PCair.Zen.330.5 (iii B. C.).
2. sts. c. part., ἐτόλμα . . βαλλόμενος he submitted to be struck, Od.24.162; “τόλμα ἐρῶσα” E. Hipp.476, cf. Thgn.442, E.HF756.
3. c. acc., πόλεμον τολμήσαντα undertaking, venturing on it, Od.8.519; [“ἐσόδους] τετόλμακε” Pi.P.5.117; τ. πάντα, δεινά, ἔργον αἴσχιστον, etc., S.OC761, E.IA 133 (anap.), Med.695, etc.; “ὦ πᾶν σὺ τολμήσασα καὶ πέρα” S.Fr.189; also “τ. τὰ βέλτιστα” Th.3.56, 4.98; “πικρὰν πεῖραν” S.El.471; v. τόλμημα:—hence in Pass., οἰ̔̂ ἐτολμήθη πατήρ such things as my father had dared (or done) against him, E.El.277; τοῦτο τετολμήσθω εἰπεῖν let us take courage to say this, Pl.R.503b; “τὰ τολμηθέντα” J.AJ2.3.1; “αἱ τετολμημέναι ἐπίνοιαι” Ph.1.674; “τὰ τετ. εἰς ἐμέ” PGoodsp.Cair.15.3 (iv A. D.).
4. so in Act., τετολμηκυῖαι [λέξεις] daring expressions, Phld.Rh.1.341 S.
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (39):
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