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ὑπάρχω , fut.
A.“-ξω” Hdt.6.109, S.Ant.932 (anap.): aor. ὑπῆρξα (v. infr. 1):—Pass., fut. “ὑπαρχθήσομαι” PTeb.418.7 (iii A. D.): pf. ὕπηργμαι, Ion. “-αργμαι” Hdt.7.11:—begin, take the initiative:—Constr.:
1. abs., Od.24.286, E.Ph.1223; “ὑπάρχων ἠδίκεις αὐτούς” Isoc.16.44; ὁ ὑπάρξας the beginner (in a quarrel), D.59.15, cf. 1; “ἀμύνεσθαι τοὺς ὑπάρξαντας” Lys.24.18; “ἀμυνομένους, μὴ ὑπάρχοντας” Pl.Grg.456e; “ὡς οὐχ ὑπάρχων ἀλλὰ τιμωρούμενος” Men.358:—Med., Pl.Ti.41c, Ael. NA12.41, etc.
2. c. gen., take the initiative in, begin, ἀδίκων ἔργων, ἀδικίης, Hdt.1.5, 4.1, cf. Th.2.74, etc.; “ὑ. τῆς ἐλευθερίας τῇ Ἑλλάδι” And.1.142, cf. Pl.Mx.237b.
3. c. part., take the initiative in doing, “ἐμὲ ὑπῆρξαν ἄδικα ποιεῦντες” Hdt.7.8.β́, cf. 6.133, 9.78; ὑπάρχει εὖ (or κακῶς）“ ποιῶν τινα” X.An.2.3.23, 5.5.9; τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἀμύνεσθαι οἷσπερ καὶ οἱ Λκεδαιμόνιοι ὑπῆρξαν retaliating by the means which the L. had used first, Th.2.67 (where οἷσπερ is expld. by the following ἀποκτείναντες and ἐσβαλόντες).
b. in Med. c. inf., Ael.NA14.11: c. gen., βαδίσεως -ονται ib.4.34; ἡλίου -ομένου τῆς ἀκμῆς ib.1.20.
4. c. acc., ὑ. εὐεργεσίας εἴς τινα or τινι take the initiative in [doing] kindnesses to one, D.19.280, Aeschin.2.26; ὑ. τοῦτο (sc. τὸ εὐνοεῖν) Men.927:—Pass., “ὑπηρεσίαι ὑπηργμέναι εἰς Φίλιππον αὑτῷ” Aeschin. 2.109; “τὰ παρὰ τῶν θεῶν ὑπηργμένα” D.1.10; τὰ ἔκ τινος ὑπαργμένα (Ion. for ὑπηργ-) Hdt.7.11; “ὑπηργμένων πολλῶν κἀγαθῶν” Ar. Lys.1159; “οὐδέν μοι ὑπῆρκτο εἰς αὐτόν” Antipho 5.58; “ἀνάξια τῶν εἰς ὑμᾶς ὑπηργμένων” Lys.21.25; ἄξιον τῶν ὑ. equivalent to what was done for him, Arist.EN1163b21: impers., ὑπῆρκτο αὐτοῦ (sc. τοῦ Πειραιέως) a beginning of it had been made, Th.1.93.
B. in Act. only, to be the begining, “παιδοβόροι μὲν πρῶτον ὑπῆρξαν μόχθοι τάλανες” A.Ch.1068 (anap.); πολλῶν κακῶν, μεγάλων ἀχέων, E.Ph.1582 (v. l.), Andr.274 (lyr.), cf. HF1169.
2. to be already in existence, “πημονῆς δ᾽ ἅλις γ᾽ ὑπάρχει” A.Ag.1656 (troch.); “φοίνισσα δὲ Θρηϊκίων ἀγέλα ταύρων ὑπᾶρχεν” was already there, Pi.P.4.205; αὗται αἱ νέες τοῖσι Ἀθηναίοισι ὑπῆρχον already existed, opp. to those they were about to build, Hdt.7.144; εἰ τοίνυν σφι χώρη γε μηδεμία ὑπῆρχε if they had no country originally existing, Id.2.15; χωρὶς δὲ τούτων οἱ χίλιοι ὑπῆρχον the original thousand existed, X.Cyr.1.5.5; “ἔδει πρῶτον μὲν ὑπάρχειν πάντων ἰσηγορίαν” Eup.291 (lyr.); “ὑπαρχούσης μὲν τιμῆς, παρούσης δὲ δυνάμεως” X.Ages.8.1; “τοῦτο δεῖ προσεῖναι, τὰ δ᾽ ἄλλ᾽ ὑπάρχει” D.3.15, cf. 8.53; “ταὐτὰ ὑ. αὐτῷ ἅπερ ἐμοί” Antipho 5.60, cf. Lys.12.23; ὑμῖν . . ἐλευθερίαν τε ὑπάρχειν καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων ξυμμάχοις κεκλῆσθαι there is in store for you . . , Th.5.9: c. gen., οἶκος δ᾽ ὑ. τῶνδε . . ἔχειν there is store of these things for us to have, A.Ag.961 (s. v. l., οἴκοις Pors.): freq. in part., ἡ ὑπάρχουσα οὐσία the existing property, Isoc.1.28; “τὰ ὑ. ἁμαρτήματα” Th.2.92; τῆς ὑ. τιμῆς for the current price, Syngr. ap. D.35.12; οἱ ὑ. πολῖται the existing citizens, Id.18.295; τῆς φύσεως ὑ. nature being what it is, X.Cyr.6.4.4; also κρησφύγετόν τι ὑπάρχον εἶναι that there should be a refuge ready prepared, Hdt.5.124.
3. exist really, opp. φαίνομαι, Arist.Cael.297b22, Metaph. 1046b10; “ἀθεώρητοι τῶν ὑπαρχόντων” Id.GC316a9; “καταληπτικὴ φαντασία ἡ ἀπὸ τοῦ ὑπάρχοντος” Stoic.2.25.
4. simply, be, “τοῖσιν ἄγουσιν κλαύμαθ᾽ ὑπάρξει” S.Ant.932 (anap.); “ὅθεν εὐμάρει᾽ ὑπάρχοι πόρου” Id.Ph.704 (lyr.): and with a predicate, “θησαυρὸς ἄν σοι παῖς ὑπῆρχ᾽ οὑμός” E.Hec.1229; “τὸ χωρίον καρτερὸν ὑ.” Th.4.4; φύσεως ἀγαθῆς ὑπάρξαι to be of a good natural disposition, X.Oec.21.11; “κἂν σοφὸς ὑπάρχῃ” Philem.102; μέγα ὑ. τοῖς τοιούτοις λόγοις ις of great advantage to them, D.3.19; πολλῶν ὑπάρξει κῦρος ἡμέρα καλῶν, = κυρώσει πολλὰ καλά, S.El.919.
b. τὰ ὑπάρχοντα, much like τὰ ὑπηργμένα (A. 4 Pass.), a man's record, “ἀνάξιον τῶν ὑ. τῇ πόλει καὶ πεπραγμένων τοῖς προγόνοις” D.8.49; τὰ κάλλιστα τῶν ὑ. your past record, Id.18.95; ἡ ὑπάρχουσα αἰσχύνη the disgrace which has been incurred, Id.19.217; “τὰ ὑπάρχοντα [αὑτῷ] ἐγκλήματα” Aeschin.1.179.
5. sts. with a part., much like τυγχάνω, τοιαῦτα [αὐτῷ] ὑπῆρχε ἐὀντα Hdt.1.192; “ἐχθρὸς ὑ. ὤν” D.21.38; “ὑ. δύναμιν κεκτημένοι” Id.3.7, cf. 15.1.
6. προγόνων ὑ. τῶν ἐξ Ἰλίου to be the descendant of . . , D.H.2.65.
II. like ὑπόκειμαι 11.2, to be laid down, to be taken for granted, Pl.Smp. 198d; τούτου ὑπάρχοντος, τούτων ὑπαρχόντων, this being granted, Id.Ti.30c, 29b; “θέντες ὡς ὑπάρχον” Id.R.458a.
III. belong to, fall to one, accrue, ὑπάρξει τοι . . τὰ ἐναντία you will have, Hdt.6.109, etc.; “τὸ μισεῖσθαι πᾶσιν ὑ.” Th.2.64; τὴν ὑπάρχουσαν ἀπ᾽ ἀλλήλων ἀμφοτέροις [σωτηρίαν] Id.6.86; ἡ ὑπάρχουσα φύσις your proper nature, its normal condition, Id.2.45; τῇ τέχνῃ ὑπάρχειν διδούς assigning as a property of art, Pl.Phlb.58c, cf. Tht.150b, 150c.
2. of persons, ὑ. τινί to be devoted to one, X.An.1.1.4, HG7.5.5, D.19.54, etc.; καθ᾽ ὑμῶν ὑπάρξων ἐκείνῳ he will be on his side against you, ib.118, cf. 2.14.
b. ἐν παντὶ . . πᾶς χωρίῳ, καὶ ᾧ μὴ ὑπάρχομεν every one in every place, even outside our sphere of influence (lit. to which we do not belong), Th.6.87.
3. in the Logic of Arist. ὑπάρχειν denotes the subsistence of qualities in a subject, Metaph.1025a14; ὑ. τινί, = κατηγορεῖσθαί τινος, APr.25a13, al.; ὑ. κατά τινος ib.24a27, Int.16b13; ἐπί τινος ib.16a32; “ὑ. τινὶ ζῴῳ πεζῷ δίποδι εἶναι” Top.109a14; ὑπάρξει τι [τῷ πρώτῳ] it will have predicates, Plot.5.6.2; “ἡ γένεσις τῷ χρόνῳ . . ὑπάρχει” Dam.Pr.142.
IV. freq. in neut. pl. part., τὰ ὑπάρχοντα,
1. in signf. 1, existing circumstances, presentadvantages, Democr. 191, D.2.2; “ἀπὸ τῶν αἰεὶ ὑ. σφαλέντες” Th.4.18, cf. 6.33; πρὸς τὰ ὑ. ib.31; “ἐκ τῶν ὑ.” under the circumstances, according to one's means, X. An.6.4.9, Arist.Pol.1288b33; “ὡς ἐκ τῶν ὑ.” Th.7.76, 8.1.
2. in signf. 111, possessions, resources, Id.1.70,144, etc.; τὰ ἑκατέροις ὑ. ib.141; “κινδυνεύειν περὶ τῶν ὑ.” Isoc.3.57: as a Subst., “τὰ ὑ. αὐτοῦ” Ev.Matt. 24.47, cf. LXXGe.12.5; ὑποθέμενος τὰ ὑ. καὶ ὑπάρξοντα present and future resources, POxy.125.22 (vi A.D.), etc.
3. Math., ὑπάρχοντα εἴδη positive terms, Dioph.1Def.10.
V. impers., ὑπάρχει the fact is that . . , c. acc. et inf., “ὑ. γάρ σε μὴ γνῶναί τινα” S.El.1340; ὡς ὑ. τοῦ ἔχειν . . as the case stands with regard to having, Arist.HA516b25; περὶ τοὺς μαστοὺς ὑπεναντίως ὑ. ib.500a14.
2. it is allowed, it is possible, c. dat. et inf., “ὑ. ἡμῖν ἐπικρατεῖν” Th.7.63, cf. And.2.19, etc.; “ὑ. αὐτῇ εὐδαίμονι εἶναι” Pl.Phd.81a, cf. Prt.345a, Phdr.240b, etc.: also without a dat., “οὐχ ὑ. εἰδέναι” Th.1.82; “ὑ. τὴν αὐτὴν εἶναι μητέρα” Is.7.25, etc.: abs., ὥσπερ ὑπῆρχε as well as was possible, Th.3.109.
3. in neut. part., ὑπάρχον ὑμῖν πολεμεῖν since it is allowed you to . . , Th. 1.124, cf. Pl.Smp.217a.
C. to be ὕπαρχος or subordinate colleague, D.C.36.36; “τῷ . . Ἀντωνίνῳ” Id.71.34.
II. dub. in the sense of ἄρχω, rule; for Th.6.87, where the Sch. is in error, v. supr. B.111.2b; in Arist.Pol.1291b32 ὑπερέχειν is prob. l.
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (108):
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