I. A.. Argos, the capital of Argolis, in the Peloponnesus, sacred to Juno, also called Argos Hippium and Argos Dipsium or Inachium, Plin. 4, 5, 9; 7, 56, 57; cf. “Mann. Gr. p. 641 sq.: quaerit Argos Amymonen,” Ov. M. 2, 240; so id. ib. 6, 414; Hor. C. 1, 7, 9: “securum per Argos,” Ov. H. 14, 34; so Luc. 10, 60: “patriis ab Argis Pellor,” Ov. M. 14, 476; 15, 164; Verg. A. 7, 286; Hor. S. 2, 3, 132; id. Ep. 2, 2, 128; id. A. P. 118; Liv. 34, 25 et saep.—The acc. Argos, occurring in the histt., is best considered as plur., since the sing. seems rather to belong to the poets and geographers (e. g. Plin. above cited); cf. Daehne and Bremi ad Nep. Them. 8, 1.—
B. Poet., Argos is sometimes put for the whole of Greece, Luc. 10, 60.—Hence,
II. Derivv., the adjj.,
A. 1.. Argīvus , a, um (i. e. ArgiFus from ArgeiFos, like Achivus from Ἀχαιός), of Argos, Argive, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 53: “Argivus orator,” Cic. Brut. 13, 50: “augur,” i.e. Amphiaraus, Hor. C. 3, 16, 12 —An epithet of Juno (as in the Iliad Ἀργεία is an appel. of Here) as tutelary goddess of Argos, Verg. A. 3, 547.—
2. Poet. for Greek or Grecian in gen.: “castra,” Verg. A. 11, 243: “phalanx,” id. ib. 2, 254: “ensis,” id. ib. 2, 393: “Thalia,” Hor. C. 4, 6, 25 (cf. id. ib. 2, 16, 38: Graja Camena).—And so Argivi for the Greeks: “classis Argivūm,” Verg. A. 1, 40; 5, 672; Hor. C. 3, 3, 67; Val. Max. 5, 1, ext. 4.—
B. Without digamma, Argēus (Argī- ), a, um, Argive or Grecian: “Argia sacerdos,” Cic. Tusc. 1, 47, 113 (B. and K., Argiva): Tibur Argeo positum colono (cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 7, 670), Hor. C. 2, 6, 5 K. and H.; so, “Tibur Argeum,” Ov. Am. 3, 6, 46 Merk. —
2. Subst. (sc. terra), the province of Argolis, in Peloponnesus, Plin. 4 prooem.; Mel. 2, 3.—Hence, Argŏlĭ-cus , a, um, adj., = Ἀργολικός, Argolic: “sinus,” Plin. 4, 5, 9, § 17: “mare,” Verg. A. 5, 52: “urbes,” id. ib. 3, 283: “leo,” the Nemean lion, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1932 al.—Also Grecian in gen.: “duces,” the Grecian leaders in the Trojan war, Ov. M. 12, 627: “classis,” id. ib. 13, 659 al.—*
D. Argus , a, um, adj., Argive: “Argus pro Argivus, Plaut. Am. (prol. 98): Amphitruo natus Argis ex Argo patre,” Non. p. 487, 31. (So the much-contested passage seems to be better explained than when, with Gronov. Observv. 4, 298, Argo is considered as abl. from Argos, begotten of a father from Argos, to which Argis in the plur. does not correspond.)
