I.anticus denotes that which is before in space; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2223 P.), that has been or has been done before, old, ancient, former (opp. novus, that has not previously existed, new; while vetus, that has existed a long time, is opp. recens, that has not been long in existence, recent; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 11, 21; Lind. ad Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 154, and id. Capt. 1, 2, 29; Doed. Syn. IV. p. 82 sq.).
I. Lit.: “Juppiter Alcumenam rediget in antiquam concordiam conjugis,” to her former harmony with her husband, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 13: “hoc timet, Ne tua duritia antiqua illa etiam adaucta sit,” thy former severity, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 26; so id. Hec. 1, 2, 17; Lucr. 2, 900: “causam suscepisti antiquiorem memoriā tuā,” Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 25: “tres epistulas tuas accepi: igitur antiquissimae cuique respondeo,” id. Att. 9, 9: antiquior dies in tuis erat adscripta litteris, quam in Caesaris, an earlier or older date, id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; Liv. 3, 58: “Nilus antiquo sua flumina reddidit alveo,” Ov. M. 1, 423 et saep.— Hence, subst.
A. antīqui , ōrum, m., the ancients, esp. the ancient writers (i. e. those whose age has been long past; while veteres denotes those who have lived and acted for a long time): “antiquorum auctoritas,” Cic. Am. 4, 13; so Hor. S. 1, 4, 117; 2, 2, 89 et saep.: “quod decus antiqui summum bonum esse dixerunt,” Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55: “habemus Scaurum in antiquis,” id. Brut. 30, 116; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 78 et saep.—And so in gen.: “in antiquis est sapientia,” Vulg. Job, 12, 12: “sapientia omnium antiquorum,” ib. Eccli. 39, 1: “dictum est antiquis,” ib. Matt. 5, 21 al.: “facere in antiquum,” to restore a thing to its former condition, to place on its old footing, Liv. 33, 40 dub.—Antiquus and vetus are often conjoined: veterem atque antiquam rem (old and antiquated) novam ad vos proferam, Plaut. Am. prol. 118; id. Mil. 3, 1, 154; id. Most. 2, 2, 45; id. Poen. 5, 2, 18; id. Pers. 1, 2, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 106; Plin. Ep. 3, 6: “vetera tantum et antiqua mirari,” Tac. Or. 15: “simultas vetus et antiqua,” Juv. 15, 53; so id. 6, 21 al.—
B. an-tīquum , i, n., antiquity, the things of olden times: “Nec quicquam antiqui Pico, nisi nomina, restat,” Ov. M. 14, 396: “novissima et antiqua,” Vulg. Psa. 138, 5: “antiqua ne intueamini,” ib. Isa. 43, 18.—
II. Transf.
A. Poet., = praeteritus, past, gone by, former: “vulnus,” Ov. P. 1, 5, 38: “vigor,” id. Tr. 5, 12, 32: “carcer,” Luc. 6, 721; Val. Fl. 2, 394.—So often in eccl. Lat.: “dies antiqui,” Vulg. Deut. 4, 32; ib. Act. 15, 7: “anni,” ib. Mal. 3, 4: “tempora,” ib. Act. 15, 21.—
B. In comp. and sup., that is before or first in rank or importance, more or most celebrated, famous, preferable, or better (antiquior: “melior,” Non. p. 425, 32): genere antiquior, Att. ap. Non. p. 426, 3: quanto antiquius quam etc., Lucil. ib.; Varr. ib.: quod honestius, id mihi est antiquius, Cic. Att. 7, 3: “antiquior ei fuit laus et gloria quam regnum,” id. Div. 2, 37: antiquiorem mortem turpitudine habere, Auct. ad Her. 3, 3: “neque habui quicquam antiquius quam ut, etc.,” Cic. Fam. 11, 5: “ne quid existimem antiquius,” id. Phil. 13, 3: neque prius neque antiquius quicquam habuit, quam ut, etc., Vel. 2, 52; Suet. Claud. 11: “judiciorum causam antiquissimam se habiturum dixit,” Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1: “navalis apparatus ei antiquissima cura fuit,” id. Att. 10, 8; 12, 5; Liv. 1, 32; cf. id. 9, 31 al.—
C. With the access. idea of simplicity, purity, innocence, of the old fashion, good, simple, honest, etc. (cf. antiquitas, II. A., and our phrase the good old times): “antiquis est adulescens moribus,” Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 37; cf. id. Trin. 2, 2, 20: “homo antiquā virtute et fide,” Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 88: “homines antiqui, qui ex suā naturā ceteros fingerent,” people of the old stamp, Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 26: “vestigia antiqui officii,” id. ib. 10, 27: “vide quam sim antiquorum hominum,” id. Att. 9, 15: “vir sanctus, antiquus,” Plin. Ep. 2, 9.—
D. With the access. idea of veneration, honor, old, venerable, illustrious: antiquum veteres etiam pro nobili posuere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 22 Müll.: “terra antiqua potens armis,” Verg. A. 1, 531; 3, 164: “urbs,” id. ib. 11, 540: “Longior antiquis visa Maeotis hiems,” Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 2: “Sabinae,” id. Med. 11: “Amyclae,” id. M. 8, 314. —So, in eccl. Lat., after the Heb., of God: “Antiquus Dierum,” the Ancient of Days, Vulg. Dan. 7, 9; 7, 13; 7, 22.—
E. Sometimes = vetus, that has been in existence a long time, old: Athenae, antiquum opulentum oppidum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 470, 5: “mos,” id. ib. p. 506, 1: amnis, Att. ap. Non. p. 192, 6: “hospes,” Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 17 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 82: veterem Anchisen agnoscit amicum); so, “amicus,” Vulg. Eccli. 9, 14: “discipulus,” ib. Act. 21, 16: “artificium,” Cic. Verr. 1, 2, 5: “genus,” Nep. Dat. 2, 2: “templa,” Hor. S. 2, 2, 104: “antiquissima scripta,” id. Ep. 2, 1, 28: saxum antiquum (i. e. which for a long time had lain in this place), ingens, etc., Verg. A. 12, 897: “ne transfer terminos antiquos,” Vulg. Prov. 22, 28 et saep.—Hence, subst.: antīquum , i, n., an old custom or habit.
b. In bon. part.: “O optume hospes, pol Crito antiquum obtines!” Ter. And. 4, 5, 22: “Ac tu ecastor morem antiquum atque ingenium obtines,” id. Hec. 5, 4, 20.—
F. Aged: antiqua erilis fida custos corporis, Enn. Medea, ap. Non. p. 39, 2 (as a transl. of the Gr. ΙΙαλαιὸν οἴκων κτῆμα δεσποίνης ἐμῆς): Cives antiqui, amici majorum meūm, Pac. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155: “Butes,” Verg. A. 9, 647: “antiqui Neleïa Nestoris arva,” Ov. H. 1, 63; Dig. 50, 3, 1.—Hence, adv.: antīquē and an-tīquĭtŭs (formed from antiquus, as humanitus, divinitus, from humanus, divinus; cf. Prisc. p. 1015).
I. In former times, of old, anciently (only in prose; most freq. in the histt.; never in Cic.). Form antīquĭ-tŭs : “Belgas Rhenum antiquitus transductos,” Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 7, 32: “tectum antiquitus constitutum,” Nep. Att. 13, 2; Suet. Caes. 42; id. Aug. 60; 94; Vulg. Jos. 11, 10; ib. 1 Reg. 27, 8.—Sup.: “Titanas in eā antiquissime regnāsse,” Sol. 11.—
II. From ancient times; form antīquĭtŭs ; sometimes with inde or ab ... ad, Plin. Pan. 31: “cum Pythagoras acceptam sine dubio antiquitus opinionem vulgaverit,” Quint. 1, 10, 12: “jam inde antiquitus insita pertinacia,” Liv. 9, 29: “hi sunt jam inde antiquitus castellani, etc.,” id. 34, 27; Plin. Pan. 82, 7: “cum (hoc studium) antiquitus usque a Chirone ad nostra tempora apud omnes duraverit,” Quint. 1, 10, 30.—
III. In the old way, style, or fashion; form antīquē : “nimis antique dicere,” Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 66.—Comp.: “simplicius et antiquius permutatione mercium uti,” in the simpler and more ancient manner, Tac. G. 5.—Esp., in the good old style, the way or fashion of former times: quanto antiquius, quam facere hoc, fecisse videatis, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 426, 3.
