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bīlis , is (abl. bili, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 95; Lucr. 4, 664; Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11;
I.bile,Hor. C. 1, 13, 4; Petr. 124, 2; Plin. 22, 20, 23, § 49; Suet. Tib. 59; Pers. 2, 14; Juv. 13, 143; Inscr. Grut. 1040, 3), f. kindr. with galbus, gilbus; Germ. gelb.
I. Lit., bile (the bilious fluid secreted by the liver, jecur, while fel is the vessel in which the fluid is contained): rufa, viridis, nigra, Ceis. 7, 18; Lucr. 4, 664; Cato, R. R. 156, 4; Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137; id. Tusc. 4, 10, 23: “bilem pellere,Plin. 23, 8, 74, § 142: “trahere,id. 27, 4, 10, § 27: “detrahere,id. 27, 12, 93, § 119.— In plur. biles, the yellow and black bile, Plin. 20, 9, 34, § 84: “purgare,Scrib. Comp. 136 (cf. poet.: “purgor bilem,Hor. A. P. 302). —
B. Esp.: bilis suffusa, the overflowing of bile, i.e. the jaundice, Plin. 22, 21, 26, § 54 (in Sen. Ep. 95, 16, called subfusio luridae bilis).—And so, bile suffusus, having the jaundice, jaundiced, Plin. 22, 20, 23, § 49.—
II. Trop.
A. Anger, wrath, choler, ire, displeasure, indignation (v. jecur): “non placet mihi cena, quae bilem movet,Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 8; so Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 20: “bilem alicui commovere,to stir up, excite, Cic. Att. 2, 7, 2: “bile tumet jecur,Hor. C. 1, 13, 4: “meum jecur urere bilis,id. S. 1, 9, 66: “bilis inaestuat praecordiis,id. Epod. 11, 16: “jussit quod splendida bilis,id. S. 2, 3, 141: “expulit bilem meraco,id. Ep. 2, 2, 137: “bilem effundere,to vent, Juv. 5, 159: “turgescit vitrea bilis,Pers. 3, 8: “cui sententiae tantum bilis, tantum amaritudinis inest, ut, etc.,Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 2: videte metuendam inimici et hostis bilem et licentiam, Cic. Fragm. Clod. et Cur. 4, 4 B. and K.—
B. Atra (or nigra) bilis, black bile, for melancholy, sadness, dejection, μελαγχολία, Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11: bilem atram generantes, quos μελαγχολικοὺς vocant, Scrib. Comp. 104.—Also as in Gr., = furor, rage, fury, madness: Am. Delirat uxor. So. Atra bili percita est, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 95; id. Capt. 3, 4, 64: “bilis nigra curanda est, et ipsa furoris causa removenda,Sen. Ep. 94, 17.
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hide References (20 total)
  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (20):
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 2.7.2
    • Horace, Satires, 1.9.66
    • Horace, Satires, 2.3.141
    • Horace, Ars Poetica, 302
    • Plautus, Amphitruo, 2.2
    • Plautus, Bacchides, 3.6
    • Plautus, Captivi, 3.4
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 4.664
    • Suetonius, Tiberius, 59
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 20.84
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 22.49
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 22.54
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 27.119
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 27.27
    • Pliny the Younger, Epistulae, 4.11.2
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 3.5
    • Seneca, Epistulae, 94.17
    • Seneca, Epistulae, 95.16
    • Persius, Saturae, 2
    • Persius, Saturae, 3
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