I. Of two or more objects, to bring, join, combine into one whole; to join or put together, to connect, unite.
A. In gen. (rare; not in Cic.), constr. inter se, cum aliquā re, alicui, with in and acc., and with acc. only.
(α).
Inter se: “res in ordinem digestae atque inter se commissae,” Quint. 7, prooem. § 1: “ per nondum commissa inter se munimenta urbem intravit,” Liv. 38, 4, 8; cf. thus with inter se: “oras vulneris suturis,” Cels. 7, 19: “duo verba,” Quint. 9, 4, 33: “easdem litteras,” id. ib.: “duo comparativa,” id. 9, 3, 19.—
(γ).
With dat.: “viam a Placentiā ut Flaminiae committeret,” Liv. 39, 2, 10: “quā naris fronti committitur,” is joined to, Ov. M. 12, 315: “quā vir equo commissus erat,” id. ib. 12, 478 (of a Centaur); cf. “of Scylla: delphinum caudas utero commissa luporum,” Verg. A. 3, 428: “commissa dextera dextrae,” Ov. H. 2, 31: “medulla spinae commissa cerebro,” Cels. 8, 1: “moles, quae urbem continenti committeret,” Curt. 4, 2, 16; Flor. 1, 4, 2 Duker.—
(δ).
With in and acc.: “commissa in unum crura,” Ov. M. 4, 580: “committuntur suturae in unguem,” Cels. 8, 1.—（ε) With acc. only: barbaricam pestem navibus obtulit, commissam infabre, Pac. ap. Non. p. 40, 31 (Trag. Rel. v. 271 Rib.): “commissis operibus,” Liv. 38, 7, 10: “fidibusque mei commissa mariti moenia,” Ov. M. 6, 178: “(terra) maria committeret,” Curt. 3, 1, 13; 7, 7, 14: “noctes duas,” Ov. Am. 1, 13, 46; cf.: nocte commissā. Sen. Herc. Oet. 1698: “commissa corpore toto,” Ov. M. 4, 369; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 248, 25: cervix committitur primo artu, Val. Fl. 4, 310: “domus plumbo commissa,” patched, Juv. 14, 310.—
B. In partic., to set or bring men or animals together in a contest or fight, as competitors, etc., to set together, set on (freq. in Suet.; “elsewhere rare): pugiles Latinos cum Graecis,” Suet. Aug. 45: “quingenis peditibus, elephantis vicenis, tricenis equitibus hinc et inde commissis,” id. Caes. 39; id. Claud. 34: “camelorum quadrigas,” id. Ner. 11; Luc. 1, 97: “victores committe,” Mart. 8, 43, 3; cf. id. Spect. 28, 1: “licet Aenean Rutulumque ferocem Committas,” i.e. you describe their contest in your poem, you bring them in contact with each other, Juv. 1, 162: “eunucho Bromium committere noli,” id. 6, 378: “inter se omnes,” Suet. Calig. 56: “aequales inter se,” id. Gram. 17.—
b. Trop., to bring together for comparison, to compare, put together, match: “committit vates et comparat, inde Maronem, Atque aliā parte in trutinā suspendit Homerum,” Juv. 6, 436; cf. Prop. 2, 3, 21; Mart. 7, 24, 1.—
2. Transf., of a battle, war: proelium, certamen, bellum, etc.
a. To arrange a battle or contest, to enter upon, engage in, begin, join, commence, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77: “proelii committendi signum dare,” Caes. B. G. 2, 21: “cum proelium commissum audissent,” id. ib. 7, 62: “commisso ab equitibus proelio,” id. B. C. 1, 40: “in aciem exercitum eduxit proeliumque commisit,” Nep. Eum. 3 fin.; id. Hann. 11, 3; id. Milt. 6, 3; Just. 2, 12, 7; 15, 4, 22; 22, 6, 6: “postquam eo ventum est, ut a ferentariis proelium committi posset,” Sall. C. 60, 2: “commisso proelio, diutius nostrorum militum impetum hostes ferre non potuerunt,” Caes. B. G. 4, 35; id. B. C. 1, 13; 2, 6 Kraner ad loc.: “Caesar cohortatus suos proelium commisit,” id. ib. 1, 25: “utrum proelium committi ex usu esset, necne,” id. ib. 1, 50; 1, 52; 2, 19; Nep. Milt. 5, 3: “pridie quam Siciliensem pugnam classe committeret,” Suet. Aug. 96: “avidus committere pugnam,” Sil. 8, 619: “pugnas,” Stat. Th. 6, 143: “rixae committendae causā,” Liv. 5, 25, 2: “cum vates monere eum (regem) coepit, ne committeret, aut certe differret obsidionem,” Curt. 9, 4, 27.—Of a drinking contest for a wager: “a summo septenis cyathis committe hos ludos,” Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 19: “nondum commisso spectaculo,” Liv. 2, 36, 1: “musicum agona,” Suet. Ner. 23: “aciem,” Flor. 4, 2, 46: “commissum (bellum) ac profligatum conficere,” Liv. 21, 40, 11; 8, 25, 5; 31, 28, 1 al.; cf.: “si quis trium temporum momenta consideret, primo commissum bellum, profligatum secundo, tertio vero confectum est,” Flor. 2, 15, 2: “committere Martem,” Sil. 13, 155: “quo die ludi committebantur,” Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 6: “ludos dedicationis,” Suet. Claud. 21: “ludos,” Verg. A. 5, 113.—
b. In gen., to maintain a contest, etc., to fight a battle, to hold, celebrate games, etc. (rare): “illam pugnam navalem... mediocri certamine commissam arbitraris?” Cic. Mur. 15, 33: “levia inde proelia per quatriduum commissa,” Liv. 34, 37, 7: “commisso modico certamine,” id. 23, 44, 5.—
(β).
Absol. (post-Aug. and rare): “contra quem Sulla iterum commisit,” Eutr. 5, 6; 9, 24; Dig. 9, 1, 1: “priusquam committeretur,” before the contest began, Suet. Vesp. 5.—
3. In gen.: committere aliquid, to begin any course of action, to undertake, carry on, hold (rare): “tribuni sanguine commissa proscriptio,” Vell. 2, 64 fin.: “judicium inter sicarios committitur,” Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 11. —In part. perf.: “egregie ad ultimum in audacter commisso perseveravit,” Liv. 44, 4, 11; cf. id. ib. § 8; 44, 6, 14.—
4. In partic., to practise or perpetrate wrong, do injustice; to commit a crime (very freq. and class.).
(α).
With acc.: “ut neque timeant, qui nihil commiserint, et poenam semper ante oculos versari putent, qui peccaverint,” Cic. Mil. 23, 61; cf. Quint. 7, 2, 30: “commississe cavet quod mox mutare laboret,” Hor. A. P. 168: “ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti, Verri crimini daturus sum,” Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35: “quantum flagitii,” id. Brut. 61, 219: “tantum facinus,” id. Rosc. Am. 23, 65: “virilis audaciae facinora,” Sall. C. 25, 1: “majus delictum,” Caes. B. G. 7, 4: “nil nefandum,” Ov. M. 9, 626: “nefarias res,” Cic. Phil. 6, 1, 2: “scelus,” id. Sull. 2, 6; Dig. 48, 9, 7: “adulterium,” Quint. 7, 2, 11; 7, 3, 1: “incestum cum filio,” id. 5, 10, 19: “parricidium,” id. 7, 2, 2: “caedem,” id. 7, 4, 43; 10, 1, 12; 5, 12, 3: “sacrilegium,” id. 7, 2, 18: “fraudem,” Hor. C. 1, 28, 31.—Aliquid adversus, in, erga: “committere multa et in deos et in homines impie nefarieque,” Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 6; cf.: “in te,” Verg. A. 1, 231: “aliquid adversus populum Romanum,” Liv. 42, 38, 3: “aliquid erga te,” Cic. Att. 3, 20, 3.—
(β).
Committere contra legem, in legem, lege, to offend, sin, commit an offence: “quasi committeret contra legem,” Cic. Brut. 12, 48: “in legem Juliam de adulteriis,” Dig. 48, 5, 39; 48, 10, 13: “adversus testamentum,” ib. 34, 3, 8, § 2: “ne lege censoriā committant,” Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16: “lege de sicariis,” Quint. 7, 1, 9. —
(γ).
Absol.: “hoc si in posterum edixisses, minus esset nefarium... nemo enim committeret,” Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 43, § 110.—
(δ).
With ut, to be guilty or be in fault, so that, to give occasion or cause, that, to act so as that: “id me commissurum ut patiar fieri,” Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 78: “non committet hodie iterum ut vapulet,” Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 5: “ego nolo quemquam civem committere, ut morte multandus sit: tu, etiam si commiserit, conservandum putas,” Cic. Phil. 8, 5, 15: “committere ut accusator nominere,” id. Off. 2, 14, 50; so Liv. 25, 6, 17: “non committam, ut tibi ipse insanire videar,” Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 3; 3, 7, 3; id. Att. 1, 6, 1; 1, 20, 3; id. de Or. 2, 57, 233; id. Off. 3, 2, 6; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1, Quint. 1, 10, 30; 5, 13, 27; Cic. Leg. 1, 13, 37.—More rare in a like sense, (ε) With cur or quare: “Caedicius negare se commissurum, cur sibi quisquam imperium finiret,” Liv. 5, 46, 6: “neque commissum a se, quare timeret,” Caes. B. G. 1, 14.—（ζ) With inf.: “non committunt scamna facere,” Col. 2, 4, 3: “infelix committit saepe repelli,” Ov. M. 9, 632.—
b. Poenam, multam, etc., jurid. t. t., to bring punishment upon one's self by an error or fault, to incur, make one's self liable to it: “poenam,” Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 30; cf. Quint. 7, 4, 20; and: “committere in poenam edicti,” Dig. 2, 2, 4: “ut illam multam non commiserit,” Cic. Clu. 37, 103; Dig. 35, 1, 6 pr.—
(β).
Committi, with a definite object, to be forfeited or confiscated, as a penalty: “hereditas Veneri Erycinae commissa,” Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 2, 14, § 36; so, “commissae hypothecae,” id. Fam. 13, 56, 2: “commissa tibi fiducia,” id. Fl. 21, 51: “merces,” Dig. 39, 4, 11, § 2: “mancipium,” ib. 39, 14, 6: “praedia in publicum,” ib. 3, 5, 12: “hanc devotionem capitis esse commissam,” incurred, Cic. Dom. 57, 145.—
c. Also (mostly in jurid. Lat.) of laws, judicial regulations, promises, etc., that become binding in consequence of the fulfilment of a condition as the commission of a crime, etc.: “in civitatem obligatam sponsione commissa iratis omnibus diis,” a promise the condition of which has been fulfilled, Liv. 9, 11, 10 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.: “hanc ego devotionem capitis mei... convictam esse et commissam putabo,” Cic. Dom. 57, 145: “si alius committat edictum,” transgresses, incurs its penalty, makes himself liable to, Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 11; cf.: “commisso edicto ab alio filio, ib. lex 8, § 4: commisso per alium edicto, ib. lex 10, § 1 al.: statim atque commissa lex est,” ib. 18, 3, 4, § 2: “committetur stipulatio,” ib. 24, 3, 56.
II. To place a thing somewhere for preservation, protection, care, etc.; to give, intrust, commit to, to give up or resign to, to trust (syn.: commendo, trado, credo; very freq. and class.); constr. with aliquid (aliquem) alicui, in aliquid, or absol.
(α).
Aliquid (aliquem, se) alicui: “honor non solum datus sed etiam creditus ac commissus,” Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 35: “nec illi (Catoni) committendum illud negotium, sed inponendum putaverunt,” id. Sest. 28, 60: “qui capita vestra non dubitatis credere, cui calceandos nemo commisit pedes?” Phaedr. 1, 14, 16: “ego me tuae commendo et committo fidei,” Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 47 (cf. id. And. 1, 5, 61): “ne quid committam tibi,” Plaut. Most. 3, 3, 21; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. And. 3, 5, 3; cf.: “his salutem nostram, his fortunas, his liberos rectissime committi arbitramur,” Cic. Off. 2, 9, 33; id. Att. 1, 13, 1; cf. id. ib. § “4: tibi rem magnam,” id. Fam. 13, 5, 1; id. Mil. 25, 68: “quia commissi sunt eis magistratus,” id. Planc. 25, 61: “summum imperium potestatemque omnium rerum alicui,” Nep. Lys. 1 fin.: “domino rem omnem,” Hor. S. 2, 7, 67: “caput tonsori,” id. A. P. 301: “ratem pelago,” id. C. 1, 3, 11: “sulcis semina (corresp. with spem credere terrae),” Verg. G. 1, 223; cf.: “committere semen sitienti solo,” Col. 2, 8, 4: “ulcus frigori,” Cels. 6, 18, n. 2: “aliquid litteris,” Cic. Att. 4, 1, 8; so, “verba tabellis,” Ov. M. 9, 587: “vivunt commissi calores Aeoliae fidibus puellae,” Hor. C. 4, 9, 11 al.: “committere se populo, senatui, publicis praesidiis et armis (corresp. with se tradere),” Cic. Mil. 23, 61; so, “se urbi,” id. Att. 15, 11, 1: “se theatro populoque Romano,” id. Sest. 54, 116: “se proelio,” Liv. 4, 59, 2: “se pugnae,” id. 5, 32, 4: “se publico,” to venture into the streets, Suet. Ner. 26: “se neque navigationi, neque viae,” Cic. Fam. 16, 8, 1; cf. id. Phil. 12, 10, 25; id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 31: “se timidius fortunae,” id. Att. 9, 6, 4: “civilibus fluctibus,” Nep. Att. 6, 1 al.—Prov.: ovem lupo (Gr. καταλείπειν ὄϊν ἐν λύκοισι), Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 16.—
(β).
Aliquid (aliquem, se) in aliquid (so esp. freq. in Liv.): “aliquid in alicujus fidem committere,” Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 34; cf. Liv. 30, 14, 4: “se in id conclave,” Cic. Rosc. Am. 23, 64: “se in conspectum populi Romani,” Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 26; cf. Pompei. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, C, 2: “se in senatum,” Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2; id. Ac. 2, 21, 68: “summae fuisse dementiae dubiā spe impulsum certum in periculum se committere,” id. Inv. 2, 8, 27: “rem in casum ancipitis eventus,” Liv. 4, 27, 6; cf.: “duos filios in aleam ejus casus,” id. 40, 21, 6: “rem in aciem,” id. 3, 2, 12; cf.: “se in aciem,” id. 7, 26, 11; 23, 11, 10; “rempublicam in discrimen,” id. 8, 32, 4; cf.: “rerum summam in discrimen,” id. 33, 7, 10. —
(γ).
Simply alicui, or entirely absol.: “sanan' es, Quae isti committas?” in trusting to him, Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 55: “ei commisi et credidi, Ter, Heaut. 5, 2, 13: haec cum scirem et cogitarem, commisi tamen, judices, Heio,” Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 7, § 16: “universo populo neque ipse committit neque illi horum consiliorum auctores committi recte putant posse,” id. Agr. 2, 8, 20: “venti, quibus necessario committendum existimabat,” Caes. B. C. 3, 25: “sed quoniam non es veritus concredere nobis, accipe commissae munera laetitiae,” intrusted, Prop. 1, 10, 12: “instant enim (adversarii) et saepe discrimen omne committunt, quod deesse nobis putant,” often hazard the most important advantage, Quint. 6, 4, 17: “cum senatus ei commiserit, ut videret, ne quid res publica detrimenti caperet,” Cic. Mil. 26, 70.—With de: “iste negat se de existimatione suā cuiquam nisi suis commissurum,” Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 137. —Hence, P. a. as subst.: commissum , i, n.
A. (Acc. to I. 3.) An undertaking, enterprise: “nec aliud restabat quam audacter commissum corrigere,” Liv. 44, 4, 8: “supererat nihil aliud in temere commisso, quam, etc.,” id. 44, 6, 14.—
B. (Acc. to I. 4.) A transgression, offence, fault, crime: “sacrum,” Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22: “nisi aut quid commissi aut est causa jurgi,” Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 21: “ecquod hujus factum aut commissum non dicam audacius, sed quod, etc.,” Cic. Sull. 26, 72; cf. “turpe,” Hor. C. 3, 27, 39: “commissi praemia,” Ov. F. 4, 590.—In plur.: “post mihi non simili poenā commissa luetis,” offences, Verg. A. 1, 136; so, “fateri,” Stat. S. 5, 5, 5: “improba,” Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 304.—
2. Jurid. Lat., an incurring of fines, a confiscation or confiscated property, Suet. Calig. 41: “in commissum cadere,” Dig. 39, 4, 16: “causa commissi,” ib. 39, 4, 16 al.; 19, 2, 61 fin.: “aliquid pro commisso tenetur,” Quint. Decl. 341.—
C. (Acc. to II.) That which is intrusted, a secret, trust: “enuntiare commissa,” Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 31: “commissa celare,” Nep. Epam. 3, 2; cf. Juv. 9, 93: “commissa tacere,” Hor. S. 1, 4, 84: “prodere,” id. ib. 1, 3, 95: “retinent commissa fideliter aures,” id. Ep. 1, 18, 70: “commissum teges (corresp. with arcanum scrutaberis),” id. ib. 1, 18, 38; cf. id. A. P. 200.
