I.dat. plur. CONTROVORSEIS, C. I. L. 1, 199, 1), f. controversus, lit., a turning against. *
I. Lit.: “si controversia aquae insulam subverterit,” the turning of the water against it, Dig. 39, 2, 24, § 5.—
II. Trop., controversy, contention, quarrel, question, dispute, debate (so in good prose, and very freq., esp. in jurid. and rhet. lang.; “in Quint. more than sixty times): nulla controversia mihi tecum erit,” Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 83: “apage! controversia'st,” id. Rud. 3, 5, 46: “quicquid est quod in controversiā aut in contentione versetur ... a propriis personis et temporibus semper avocet controversiam (orator),” Cic. Or. 14, 45 (cited ap. Quint. 3, 5, 15); cf. id. de Or. 3, 30, 120: “controversias tollere,” id. Phil. 9, 5, 11; cf. “distrahere,” id. Caecin. 2, 6: “rem in controversiam vocare,” id. de Or. 2, 72, 291: “rem adducere in controversiam,” id. ib. 1, 40, 183: “rem deducere in controversiam,” Caes. B. G. 7, 63: “rem ducere in controversiam,” Quint. 3, 8, 52: “venire in controversiam,” Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 139; Quint. 3, 6, 44 al.: “qui tum agrum, qui in controversiā erat, obtinebat,” Liv. 40, 34, 14: “esse in controversiā,” Auct. Her. 1, 10, 17; 2, 28, 45: “controversiae scholasticae,” Quint. 4, 2, 92; “as the title of a rhet. writing of Seneca: Controversiae: existere controversias ex scripti interpretatione,” Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 140: “controversiam alere,” Caes. B. G. 7, 32 fin.: “constituere,” Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 143: dicere, Quint. 3, 8, 51: “exponere,” id. 10, 7, 21 al.: “dirimere,” Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119: “componere,” Caes. B. C. 1, 9 fin.: “sedare,” Cic. Balb. 19, 43: “ut controversiarum ac dissensionum obliviscerentur,” Caes. B. G. 7, 34: “cujus hereditatis controversia fuerat nulla,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 46: “magnae rei familiaris,” id. Rosc. Am. 31, 87: “movere controversiam nominis,” Tac. Or. 25: “cum de loco et tempore ejus rei controversia inferretur,” Caes. B. C. 1, 86: “ea controversia, quam habet de fundo cum quodam Colophonio,” Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 2; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194; id. Brut. 18, 72: “de jure,” Quint. 7, 7, 9: “de substantiā aut de qualitate,” id. 3, 6, 39: “de verbo,” Cels. 3, 3, 25: “controversia est inter scriptores de numero annorum,” Cic. Brut. 18, 72: “controversia orta inter eos de principatu,” Caes. B. C. 3, 112; cf. id. B. G. 5, 44; 7, 33: “controversia non erat, quin verum dicerent,” Cic. Caecin. 11, 31: “nihil controversiae fuit, quin consules crearentur, etc.,” Liv. 4, 17, 7: “sine controversiā ab dis solus diligere,” beyond dispute, without doubt, indisputably, Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 14; Cic. Off. 3, 2, 7: “sine ullā controversiā,” id. Caecin. 7, 19.