I.conj. [shortened from ante- and post-class. form dōnĭcum , from old dative doni (dioni; for root, etc., v. dies) and conj. cum; prop. at the time of day when; form donicum, Liv. And., Cato and Plaut. ap. Charis. p. 178 P.; Cato, R. R. 146, 2; 149, 2; 161, 3; Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 19; id. Capt. 2, 2, 89; id. Most. 1. 2, 34; id. Ps. 4, 7, 72; id. Truc. 1, 1, 18; Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 692 P.; Nep. Ham. 1, 4.—In the Inscr. of Orell. 4370 DONIQVIES is i. q. DONIQUE IS, and donique = donicum; so, “donique,” Lucr. 2, 1116; 5, 708 Lachm.].—Donec denotes the relation of two actions in time,
I. As contemporaneous, as long as, while, during the time in which; or,
II. As in immediate succession, until, up to the time at which (synonymous with dum, I. B. and II.—in the ante-class. and postAug. periods freq.; four times in Cic. only in signif. II. with indic.; not in Caes.).
I. As long as, while (so perh. not till the Aug. period).
(α).
With indic.: “neque dulces amores Sperne, puer, Donec virenti canities abest,” Hor. C. 1, 9, 17: “donec gratus eram tibi, etc. ... Persarum vigui rege beatior ... Donec non alia magis Arsisti, etc. ... Romanà vigui clarior Iliā,” id. ib. 3, 9, 1, and 5; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 53; Liv. 2, 49; 6, 13; Tac. A. 14, 50; id. H. 4, 12; id. Or. 8; 40 al.: “donec eris felix, multos numerabis amicos,” Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 5.—
(β).
With subj.: “(elephanti) nihil sane trepidabant, donec continenti velut ponte agerentur,” Liv. 21, 28 fin.; Tac. A. 1, 51: “edixit ne quis militis, donec in castris esset, bona possideret, etc.,” Liv. 2, 24; 4, 2; 60; 21, 10; 25, 11; Tac. H. 4, 35; id. A. 15, 64 al.
II. Until, till at length (so in all periods).
(α).
With indic. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. § “575): ne quoquam exurgatis, donec a me erit signum datum,” Plaut. Bacch, 4, 4, 106: “haud desinam, donec perfecero hoc,” Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 73; cf. ib. 4, 1, 24: “neque tamen finis . . . fiebat, donec populus senatum coëgit, etc.,” Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 87; id. Tull. 6, 14: “hic regnabitur ... donec regina sacerdos geminam partu dabit Ilia prolem,” Verg. A. 1, 273; id. G. 4, 413 et saep.: “neque credebam Donec Sosia fecit sibi uti crederem,” Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 51.—So with perf., Lucr. 2, 1130; Liv. praef. 3, 48; 23, 31; Prop. 1, 9, 29; Verg. E. 6, 85; id. A. 2, 630; Hor. S. 1, 3, 103; id. Ep. 1, 10, 35 et saep.: “me attrectare nefas, donec me flumine vivo abluero,” Verg. A. 2, 720: “socii consurgere tonsis ... Donec rostra tenent siccum, etc.,” id. ib. 10, 301; cf. id. ib. 268; Val. Fl. 8, 290; Liv. 1, 54 fin.—
(β).
With subj.: “Actia pugna refertur, donec alterutrum velox Victoria fronde coronet,” Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 63.—So in the praes., Quint. 1, 1, 33; Tac. A. 2, 6; id. H. 5, 6; id. G. 1; 20 al.—In the imperf., Verg. A. 11, 860; Sen. Ep. 70; Quint. 11, 3, 6; Tac. H. 1, 13; Plin. Ep. 9, 33, 6: “trepidationis aliquantum edebant, donec quietem ipse timor fecisset,” Liv. 21, 28 fin.—So with pluperf., Liv. 45, 7 fin.—
(γ).
Ellipt. without a verb: “neque quisquam hominem conspicatu'st donec in navi super,” Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 82; cf. in foll. b.
(γ).
.—
b. With usque, usque adeo, usque eo, eo usque, in tantum.
(α).
With indic.: “ibo odorans usque donec persecutus volpem ero vestigiis,” Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 114; id. Rud. 3, 4, 11; Ter. Ad. 4, 6, 6: “id. aliquoties in die facito usque adeo donec sal desiverit tabescere biduum,” Cato R. R. 88, 1; so id. ib. § 2; Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 40; Ter. And. 4, 1, 38: “usque eo timui, ne, etc. ... donec ad reiciendos judices venimus,” Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 6 fin.: “eo usque me vivere vultis, donec haud ambiguum regem mea morte faciam,” Liv. 40, 8 fin.: “(humum) in tantum deprimere, donec altitudinis mensuram datam ceperit,” Col. 3, 13, 9.—
(β).
With subj.: “usque Sessuri, donec cantor "Vos plaudite" dicat,” Hor. A. P. 155: “ni istunc invitassitis Usque adeo, donec, qua domum abeat nesciat, Peristis ambo,” Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 32: “nec eo usque trahatur spiritus donec deficiat,” Quint. 11, 3, 53.—
(γ).
Ellipt. without a verb usque illud visumst Pamphilo ne utiquam grave, Donec jam in ipsis nuptiis, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 51; cf. above, a.
(γ).
.—
B. With negatives, donec often limits the time within which something is done or to be done, without implying that it is done or to be done after the limit; Engl., till, before, within a certain time: “moveri vetuisse puerum, donec experrectus sit,” Liv. 1, 39, 2; Hor. C. 3, 5, 45: “si respexis, donicum ego te jussero, te dedam, etc.,” Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 19; id. Most. 1, 2, 35; Tac. A. 2, 82. Cf. Hand, Turs. II. 291-299.