I.praep. [contr. from exterā, sc. parte, from exter].
I. Adv. (comp. exterius, see below), on the outside, without (syn.: extrinsecus, foris; opp. intra, intus, in).
A. Lit.: “vitiles (alvos apium) fimo bubulo oblinunt intus et extra,” Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 16; cf.: “cum extra et intus hostem haberent,” Caes. B. C. 3, 69, 4; Cels. 6, 18, 7; 9: “maceries levigatur extra intraque,” Col. 8, 15, 2; “for which without a copula: extra intra,” Plin. 6, 32, 38, § 205; cf.: “nil intra est oleam, nil extra est in nuce duri,” Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 31: “et in corpore et extra esse quaedam bona,” Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 68; cf.: “aut in animis aut in corporibus aut extra esse possunt,” id. Part. Or. 11, 37: “ea, quae extra sunt,” id. Rep. 6, 26; cf. id. N. D. 2, 59, 147; and: illa, quae sunt extra, outward goods (τὰ ἔξω), id. Fin. 5, 23 fin.: “sint extra licet usus belli,” remain aloof, Quint. 1, 10, 48 Spald.—With verbs of motion: “ut nulla pars hujusce generis excederet extra,” Cic. Univ. 5: “ubi jam nihil tale extra fertur,” Cels. 7, 27: “cum extra fulgorem spargunt,” Plin. 37, 8, 37, § 117: “ad causam extra arcessitum,” Quint. 5, 12, 4; cf.: “extra petita,” id. 5, 11, 44.—Comp. in nearly the sense of the positive: “Exteriusque sitae (urbes) bimari spectantur ab Isthmo,” situated without, Ov. M. 6, 420: “vasa intrinsecus et exterius crasse picari (jubebat),” on the outside, externally, Col. 12, 44, 5.—
B. Transf., to indicate that which, being beyond or outside of a thing, forms an exception or addition to it, except, besides.
1. So freq. in the expression extra quam, in conditional sentences usually extra quam si, like praeterquam, except that, unless that, except in case (orig. in the civil law lang.; elsewh. rare): VTEI. EA. BACANALIA. SEI. QVA. SVNT. EXTRAD. QVAM. SEI. QVID. IBEI. SACRI. EST, etc., S. C. de Bacch. fin.; cf. “respecting this senatusconsultum in Livy: ut omnia Bacchanalia diruerent: extra quam si qua ibi vetusta ara aut signum consecratum esset,” Liv. 39, 18, 7: “si addat exceptionem hanc: extra quam si quis, etc.,” Cic. Inv. 1, 33, 56; cf. id. Att. 6, 1, 15; Liv. 38, 38, 9; Dig. 43, 12, 1, § 16: “extra quam qui, etc.,” Liv. 26, 34, 6: “postulat is, quicum agitur, a praetore exceptionem: extra quam in reum capitis praejudicium fiat,” Cic. Inv. 2, 20, 59.—
b. Beyond the technical lang.: “negant, sapientem suscepturum ullam rei publicae partem, extra quam si eum tempus et necessitas coëgerit?” unless. Cic. Rep. 1, 6: extra quam si nolint fame perire, id. Inv. 2, 57, 172.—*
2. Additional, for the more usual praeterea, besides, extra, additional: “quaedam, inquit, pluris sunt quam venierunt, et ob hoc aliquid mihi extra pro illis, quamvis empta sint, debes,” Sen. Ben. 6, 15, 2.
II. Praep. with acc. (rarely following its case: “urbem extra,” Tac. A. 13, 47; in late Lat. sometimes also with abl., as extra fano, extra sanctuario, Hyg. de Lim.; cf. Salmas. ad Capitol. Ver. 9, p. 431), outside of, without, beyond.
A. Lit.: aut intra muros aut extra, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 725 P. (Ann. v. 391 ed. Vahl.); “imitated by Horace: Iliacos intra muros peccatur et extra,” Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 16: quid sic te extra aedes exanimata eliminas? Enn. ap. Non. 39, 4 (Trag. v. 290 ed. Vahl.): “NEVE EXTRAD VRBEM SACRA QVISQVAM FECISE VELET, S. C. de Bacchan.: extra portam Collinam,” Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 58: “extra Peloponnesum,” id. Rep. 2, 4: “extra provinciam,” Caes. B. G. 1, 10 fin.: “extra ostium limenque carceris,” Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13; so, “extra limen Apuliae,” Hor. C. 3, 4, 10 et saep.—With abstract substantives: “esse extra noxiam,” Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 57: “extra noxiam,” id. Hec. 2, 3, 3: “extra noxam, extra famam noxae,” Liv. 34, 61, 9; cf.: “ut extra ruinam sint eam, quae impendet,” beyond, apart from, Cic. Att. 11, 24, 2: “extra causam esse,” id. Caecin. 32, 94; so, “extra hanc contentionem certamenque nostrum,” id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 37: “extra ordinem,” id. Prov. Cons. 8, 19; id. Clu. 31, 85; id. Fam. 6, 5, 6: “extra quotidianam consuetudinem,” Caes. B. C. 3, 85, 3: “extra numerum,” Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 1; Cic. Par. 3, 2, 26; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 59: “extra modum,” Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 41: “extra jocum,” joking apart, seriously, id. Fam. 7, 16, 2 et saep.: ne quo ad cenam exiret extra consilium meum, without my advice, Titin. ap. Non. 95, 2; cf.: “ipsi medium ingenium, magis extra vitia quam cum virtutibus,” Tac. H. 1, 49: “extra honorem,” Suet. Claud. 14; Plin. 2, 59, 60, § 150. —With verbs of motion: “imperatores in medium exeunt extra turbam ordinum,” beyond, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 68: “extra portam deducere,” id. Capt. 3, 5, 78; cf.: “extra portam perire,” id. Mil. 2, 4, 7: “fines terminique, extra quos egredi non possim,” Cic. Quint. 10, 35; cf.: “extra cancellos egredi,” id. ib. § “36: extra modum sumptu et magnificentia prodire,” id. Off. 1, 39, 140: “ut extra tabulam non emineat,” Cels. 6, 7, 9 et saep.—
B. Transf. (acc. to I. B.), in indicating an exception or addition (= praeter).
1. Excepting, except: optumam progeniem Priamo peperisti extra me (= me exceptā), Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 83 ed. Vahl.): “extra unum te,” Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 203; cf.: “extra unum Palaestrionem,” id. Mil. 2, 2, 6: “extra unam aniculam,” Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 48: “extra ducem paucosque praeterea reliqui primum in ipso bello rapaces, deinde, etc.,” Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2: “vacationem militiae esse extra tumultum Gallicum,” id. Phil. 5, 19, 53: “ad haec, quae interrogatus es, responde: extra ea cave vocem mittas,” Liv. 8, 32, 8.— *
