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fĕro , tŭli, lātum, ferre (ante-class. redupl. form in the
I.tempp. perff.: “tetuli,Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 84; 168; id. Men. 4, 2, 25; 66; id. Rud. prol. 68: tetulisti, Att. and Caecil. ap. Non. 178, 17 sq.: “tetulit,Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 30; Ter. And. 5, 1, 13: “tetulerunt,Lucr. 6, § 672: “tetulissem,Ter. And. 4, 5, 13: “tetulisse,Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 2: “tetulero,id. Cist. 3, 19: “tetulerit,id. Poen. 3, 1, 58; id. Rud. 4, 3, 101), v. a. and n. a wide-spread root; Sanscr. bhar-, carry, bharas, burden; Gr. φέρω; Goth. bar, bairo, bear, produce, whence barn, child; Anglo-Saxon beran, whence Engl. bear, birth; cf. Georg Curtius Gr. Etym. p. 300; Fick, Vergl. Wört. p. 135. The perf. forms, tuli, etc., from the root tul-, tol-; Sanscr. tol-jami, lift, weigh; Gr. τλῆναι, endure, cf. τάλας, τάλαντον; Lat. tollo, tolerare, (t)latus, etc. Cf. Goth. thulan, Germ. dulden, Geduld; Anglo-Sax. tholian, suffer. Supine lātum, i. e. tlatum; cf. supra; v. Georg Curtius Gr. Etym. p. 220; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 73, to bear, carry, bring. (For syn. cf.: gero, porto, bajulo, veho; effero, infero; tolero, patior, sino, permitto, etc.)
I. Lit.
B. In partic.
1. With the idea of motion predominating, to set in motion, esp. to move onward quickly or rapidly, to bear, lead, conduct, or drive away; with se or mid. (so esp. freq.), to move or go swiftly, to haste, speed, betake one's self; and of things, to flow, mount, run down.
(α). Act.: “ubi in rapidas amnis dispeximus undas: Stantis equi corpus transvorsum ferre videtur Vis, et in advorsum flumen contrudere raptim: Et, quocumque oculos trajecimus, omnia ferri Et fluere assimili nobis ratione videntur,Lucr. 4, 422 sq.: “ubi cernimus alta Exhalare vapore altaria, ferreque fumum,to send up, id. 3, 432; cf.: “vis ut vomat ignes, Ad caelumque ferat flammaï fulgura rursum,id. 1, 725; and: “caelo supinas si tuleris manus,raisest, Hor. C. 3, 23, 1: “te rursus in bellum resorbens Unda fretis tulit aestuosis,id. ib. 2, 7, 16; cf.: “ire, pedes quocumque ferent,id. Epod. 16, 21; and: “me per Aegaeos tumultus Aura feret,id. C. 3, 29, 64: “signa ferre,to put the standards in motion, to break up, Caes. B. G. 1, 39 fin.; 1, 40, 12; Liv. 10, 5, 1 al.: “pol, si id scissem, numquam huc tetulissem pedem,have stirred foot, have come, Ter. And. 4, 5, 13: “pedem,Verg. A. 2, 756; Val. Fl. 7, 112: “gressum,to walk, Lucr. 4, 681; cf.: “agiles gressus,Sil. 3, 180: “vagos gradus,Ov. M. 7, 185: “vestigia,Sil. 9, 101: “vagos cursus,id. 9, 243.—Absol.: “quo ventus ferebat,bore, drove, Caes. B. G. 3, 15, 3: “interim, si feret flatus, danda sunt vela,Quint. 10, 3, 7: “itinera duo, quae extra murum ad portum ferebant,led, Caes. B. C. 1, 27, 4: “pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent,Liv. 1, 7, 6.—Prov.: “in silvam ligna ferre,to carry coals to Newcastle, Hor. S. 1, 10, 34.—
(β). With se or mid., to move or go swiftly, to hasten, rush: “cum ipsa paene insula mihi sese obviam ferre vellet,to meet, Cic. Planc. 40, 96; cf.: “non dubitaverim me gravissimis tempestatibus obvium ferre,id. Rep. 1, 4: “hinc ferro accingor rursus ... meque extra tecta ferebam,Verg. A. 2, 672; 11, 779: “grassatorum plurimi palam se ferebant,Suet. Aug. 32.—Of things as subjects: “ubi forte ita se tetulerunt semina aquarum,” i. e. have collected themselves, Lucr. 6, 672.—Mid.: “ad eum omni celeritate et studio incitatus ferebatur,proceeded, Caes. B. C. 3, 78, 2: “alii aliam in partem perterriti ferebantur,betook themselves, fled, id. B. G. 2, 24, 3: “(fera) supra venabula fertur,rushes, springs, Verg. A. 9, 553: “huc juvenis nota fertur regione viarum,proceeds, id. ib. 11, 530: “densos fertur moribundus in hostes,rushes, id. ib. 2, 511: “quocumque feremur, danda vela sunt,Cic. Or. 23, 75; cf.: “non alto semper feremur,Quint. 12, 10, 37: “ego, utrum Nave ferar magna an parva, ferar unus et idem,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 200: “non tenui ferar Penna biformis per liquidum aethera Vates,fly, id. C. 2, 20, 1.—Of inanimate subjects: “(corpuscula rerum) ubi tam volucri levitate ferantur,move, Lucr. 4, 195; cf.: “quae cum mobiliter summa levitate feruntur,id. 4, 745; cf.: “tellus neque movetur et infima est, et in eam feruntur omnia nutu suo pondera,Cic. Rep. 6, 17 fin.: “Rhenus longo spatio per fines Nantuatium, etc. ... citatus fertur,flows, Caes. B. G. 4, 10, 3; cf. Hirt. B. G. 8, 40, 3: “ut (flamma) ad caelum usque ferretur,ascended, arose, Suet. Aug. 94.— “Rarely ferre = se ferre: quem procul conspiciens ad se ferentem pertimescit,Nep. Dat. 4 fin.
2. To carry off, take away by force, as a robber, etc.: to plunder, spoil, ravage: “alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,Verg. A. 2, 374: “postquam te (i. e. exstinctum Daphnin) fata tulerunt,snatched away, id. E. 5, 34. So esp. in the phrase ferre et agere, of taking booty, plundering, where ferre applies to portable things, and agere to men and cattle; v. ago.—
3. To bear, produce, yield: “plurima tum tellus etiam majora ferebat, etc.,Lucr. 5, 942 sq.; cf.: “quae autem terra fruges ferre, et, ut mater, cibos suppeditare possit,Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 67: “quem (florem) ferunt terrae solutae,Hor. C. 1, 4, 10: “quibus jugera fruges et Cererem ferunt,id. ib. 3, 24, 13: “angulus iste feret piper et thus,id. Ep. 1, 14, 23: “(olea) fructum ramis pluribus feret,Quint. 8, 3, 10.—Absol.: “ferundo arbor peribit,Cato, R. R. 6, 2.—
4. Of a woman or sheanimal, to bear offspring, be pregnant: “ignorans nurum ventrem ferre,Liv. 1, 34, 3; “of animals: equa ventrem fert duodecim menses, vacca decem, ovis et capra quinque, sus quatuor,Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 19; cf.: “cervi octonis mensibus ferunt partus,Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 112: “nec te conceptam saeva leaena tulit,Tib. 3, 4, 90.—Poet.: “quem tulerat mater claro Phoenissa Laconi,” i. e. had borne, Sil. 7, 666.—
5. To offer as an oblation: “liba et Mopsopio dulcia melle feram,Tib. 1, 7, 54; so, “liba,id. 1, 10, 23: “lancesque et liba Baccho,Verg. G. 2, 394: “tura superis, altaribus,Ov. M. 11, 577.—
6. To get, receive, acquire, obtain, as gain, a reward, a possession, etc.: “quod posces, feres,Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 106; cf.: quodvis donum et praemium a me optato; “id optatum feres,Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 27: “fructus ex sese (i. e. re publica) magna acerbitate permixtos tulissem,Cic. Planc. 38, 92: “partem praedae,id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107: “ille crucem pretium sceleris tulit, hic diadema,Juv. 13, 105: “coram rege sua de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44.
II. Trop.
A. In gen., to bear, carry, bring: “satis haec tellus morbi caelumque mali fert,bears, contains, Lucr. 6, 663; “veterrima quaeque, ut ea vina, quae vetustatem ferunt, esse debent suavissima,which carry age, are old, Cic. Lael. 19, 67: “scripta vetustatem si modo nostra ferent,will have, will attain to, Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 8: “nomen alicujus,to bear, have, Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; cf.: “insani sapiens nomen ferat, aequus iniqui,Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 15: “nomen,Suet. Aug. 101; id. Calig. 47: “cognomen,id. Aug. 43; id. Galb. 3; cf.: “ille finis Appio alienae personae ferendae fuit,of bearing an assumed character, Liv. 3, 36, 1: “Archimimus personam ejus ferens,personating, Suet. Vesp. 19; cf. “also: (Garyophyllon) fert et in spinis piperis similitudinem,Plin. 12, 7, 15, § 30: fer mi auxilium, bring assistance, aid, help, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 29 (Trag. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.: “alicui opem auxiliumque ferre,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 9: “auxilium alicui,Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 115; Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 19; Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 5; 4, 12, 5; Hor. Epod. 1, 21 et saep.: opem, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 86 ed. Vahl.): “opem alicui,Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 23; Ter. And. 3, 1, 15; id. Ad. 3, 4, 41; Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 3 (with succurrere saluti); id. Fin. 2, 35, 118 (with salutem); id. Fam. 5, 4, 2: “subsidium alicui,Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 2: “condicionem,to proffer, id. ib. 4, 11, 3; cf. Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 30: “Coriolanus ab sede sua cum ferret matri obviae complexum,offered, Liv. 2, 40, 5: “si qua fidem tanto est operi latura vetustas,will bring, procure, Verg. A. 10, 792: “ea vox audita laborum Prima tulit finem,id. ib. 7, 118: suspicionem falsam, to entertain suspicion, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5 (Trag. v. 348 ed. Vahl.).—
B. In partic.
1. (Acc. to I. B. 1.) To move, to bring, lead, conduct, drive, raise: “quem tulit ad scenam ventoso gloria curru,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 177; so, “animi quaedam ingenita natura ... recta nos ad ea, quae conveniunt causae, ferant,Quint. 5, 10, 123; cf. absol.: “nisi illud, quod eo, quo intendas, ferat deducatque, cognoris,Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 135: “exstincti ad caelum gloria fertur,Lucr. 6, 8; cf.: “laudibus aliquem in caelum ferre,to extol, praise, Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 43; Quint. 10, 1, 99; Suet. Otho, 12; id. Vesp. 6: “eam pugnam miris laudibus,Liv. 7, 10, 14; cf.: “saepe rem dicendo subiciet oculis: saepe supra feret quam fieri possit,wilt exalt, magnify, Cic. Or. 40, 139: “ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,Liv. 4, 5, 6: “ferre in majus vero incertas res fama solet,id. 21, 32, 7: “crudelitate et scelere ferri,to be impelled, carried away, Cic. Clu. 70, 199: “praeceps amentia ferebare,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 121; cf.: “ferri avaritiā,id. Quint. 11, 38: “orator suo jam impetu fertur,Quint. 12 praef. § 3: “ eloquentia, quae cursu magno sonituque ferretur,Cic. Or. 28, 97; cf.: “(eloquentia) feratur non semitis sed campis,Quint. 5, 14, 31: “oratio, quae ferri debet ac fluere,id. 9, 4, 112; cf.: “quae (historia) currere debet ac ferri,id. 9, 4, 18; so often: animus fert (aliquem aliquo), the mind moves one to any thing: “quo cujusque animus fert, eo discedunt,Sall. J. 54, 4; cf.: “milites procurrentes consistentesque, quo loco ipsorum tulisset animus,Liv. 25, 21, 5; and: “qua quemque animus fert, effugite superbiam regiam,id. 40, 4, 14: “si maxime animus ferat,Sall. C. 58, 6; cf. Ov. M. 1, 775.—With an object-clause, the mind moves one to do any thing, Ov. M. 1, 1; Luc. 1, 67; Suet. Otho, 6; cf. “also: mens tulit nos ferro exscindere Thebas,Stat. Th. 4, 753.—
2. (Acc. to I. B. 2.) To carry off, take away: “omnia fert aetas, animum quoque,Verg. E. 9, 51: “postquam te fata tulerunt,id. ib. 5, 34: “invida Domitium fata tulere sibi,Anthol. Lat. 4, 123, 8; “like efferre,to carry forth to burial, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 89.—
3. (Acc. to I. B. 3.) To bear, bring forth, produce: “haec aetas prima Athenis oratorem prope perfectum tulit,Cic. Brut. 12, 45: “aetas parentum, pejor avis, tulit Nos nequiores,Hor. C. 3, 6, 46: “Curium tulit et Camillum Saeva paupertas,id. ib. 1, 12, 42.—
4. (Acc. to I. B. 6.) To bear away, to get, obtain, receive: “Cotta et Sulpicius omnium judicio facile primas tulerunt,Cic. Brut. 49, 183: “palmam,to carry off, win, id. Att. 4, 15, 6: “victoriam ex inermi,to gain, Liv. 39, 51, 10; 2, 50, 2; 8, 8, 18: “gratiam et gloriam annonae levatae,id. 4, 12, 8: “maximam laudem inter suos,Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 4: “centuriam, tribus,” i. e. to get their votes, Cic. Planc. 20, 49; 22, 53; id. Phil. 2, 2, 4: “suffragia,Suet. Caes. 13 (diff. from 8. a.): “responsum ab aliquo,to receive, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19; Caes. B. G. 6, 4 fin.: “repulsam a populo,Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 54: “repulsam,id. de Or. 2, 69 fin.; id. Phil. 11, 8, 19; id. Att. 5, 19 al.: calumniam, i. e. to be convicted of a false accusation, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1: “ita ut filius partem dimidiam hereditatis ferat,Gai. Inst. 3, 8: “singulas portiones,id. ib. 3, 16; 61.—
5. To bear, support any thing unpleasant; or pregn., to suffer, tolerate, endure.
a. To bear in any manner.
(α). With acc.: servi injurias nimias aegre ferunt, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: “(onus senectutis) modice ac sapienter sicut omnia ferre,Cic. de Sen. 1, 2: “aegre ferre repulsam consulatus,id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40: “hoc moderatiore animo ferre,id. Fam. 6, 1, 6: “aliquid toleranter,id. ib. 4, 6, 2: “clementer,id. Att. 6, 1, 3: “quod eo magis ferre animo aequo videmur, quia, etc.,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 48, § 126: “ut tu fortunam, sic nos te, Celse, feremus,Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 17.—
(γ). With de: “de Lentulo scilicet sic fero, ut debeo,Cic. Att. 4, 6, 1: “quomodo Caesar ferret de auctoritate perscripta,id. ib. 5, 2, 3: “numquid moleste fers de illo, qui? etc.,id. ib. 6, 8, 3.—
(δ). Absol.: “sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus,Cic. Att. 1, 2, 1: “si mihi imposuisset aliquid, animo iniquo tulissem,id. ib. 15, 26, 4.—
b. Pregn., to bear or put up with, to suffer, tolerate, endure, sustain, resist.
b. Ferunt, fertur, feruntur, etc., they relate, tell, say; it is said, it appears, etc.—With inf.: “quin etiam Xenocratem ferunt, cum quaereretur ex eo, etc... respondisse, etc.,Cic. Rep. 1, 2: “fuisse quendam ferunt Demaratum, etc.,id. ib. 2, 19: “quem ex Hyperboreis Delphos ferunt advenisse,id. N. D. 3, 23, 57; Hor. C. 3, 17, 2: “homo omnium in dicendo, ut ferebant, accrrimus et copiosissimus,Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 45: “Ceres fertur fruges ... mortalibus instituisse,Lucr. 5, 14: “in Syria quoque fertur item locus esse, etc.,id. 6, 755: “is Amulium regem interemisse fertur,Cic. Rep. 2, 3: “qui in contione dixisse fertur,id. ib. 2, 10 fin.: “quam (urbem) Juno fertur terris omnibus unam coluisse,Verg. A. 1, 15: “non sat idoneus Pugnae ferebaris,you were accounted, held, Hor. C. 2, 19, 27: “si ornate locutus est, sicut fertur et mihi videtur,Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 49; cf.: cum quaestor ex Macedonia venissem Athenas florente Academia, ut temporibus illis ferebatur, id. ib. § 45.—
c. To give out, to pass off a person or thing by any name or for any thing; and, in the pass., to pass for any thing, to pass current: “hunc (Mercurium) omnium inventorem artium ferunt,Caes. B. G. 6, 17, 1: “ut Servium conditorem posteri famā ferrent,Liv. 1, 42, 4: “qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,set himself up for, boast, Vell. 1, 11, 1: “avum M. Antonium, avunculum Augustum ferens,boasting of, Tac. A. 2, 43; cf.: “qui ingenuum se et Lachetem mutato nomine coeperat ferre,Suet. Vesp. 23: “ante Periclem, cujus scripta quaedam feruntur,Cic. Brut. 7, 27 (quoted paraphrastically, Quint. 3, 1, 12): sub nomine meo libri ferebantur artis rhetoricae, Quint. prooem. 7; cf.: “cetera, quae sub nomine meo feruntur,id. 7, 2, 24; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Aug. 31; id. Caes. 20: “multa ejus (Catonis) vel provisa prudenter vel acta constanter vel responsa acute ferebantur,Cic. Lael. 2, 6: “qua ex re in pueritia nobilis inter aequales ferebatur,Nep. Att. 1, 3.—
8. Polit. and jurid. t. t.
c. Judicem, said of the plaintiff, to offer or propose to the defendant as judge: “quem ego si ferrem judicem, refugere non deberet,Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 45; id. de Or. 2, 70, 285.—Hence, judicem alicui, in gen., to propose a judge to, i. e. to bring a suit against, to sue a person: “se iterum ac saepius judicem illi ferre,Liv. 3, 57, 5; 3, 24, 5; 8, 33, 8.—
9. Mercant. t. t., to enter, to set or note down a sum in a book: “quod minus Dolabella Verri acceptum rettulit, quam Verres illi expensum tulerit, etc.,” i. e. has set down as paid, has paid, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 100 sq., v. expendo.—
10. Absol., of abstr. subjects, to require, demand, render necessary; to allow, permit, suffer: “ita sui periculi rationes ferre ac postulare,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 105; cf.: “gravioribus verbis uti, quam natura fert,id. Quint. 18, 57: quid ferat Fors, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. 203 ed. Vahl.): “quamdiu voluntas Apronii tulit,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57: “ut aetas illa fert,as is usual at that time of life, id. Clu. 60, 168: “ad me, ut tempora nostra, non ut amor tuus fert, vere perscribe,id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 5: “quod ita existimabam tempora rei publicae ferre,id. Pis. 2, 5: “si ita commodum vestrum fert,id. Agr. 2, 28, 77: “proüt Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83: “si vestra voluntas feret,if such be your pleasure, id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70: “ut opinio et spes et conjectura nostra fert,according to our opinion, hope, and belief, id. Att. 2, 25, 2: “ut mea fert opinio,according to my opinion, id. Clu. 16, 46: si occasio tulerit, if occasion require, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6: “dum tempus ad eam rem tulit, sivi, animum ut expleret suum,Ter. And. 1, 2, 17: in hac ratione quid res, quid causa, quid tempus ferat, tu perspicies, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 6: “natura fert, ut extrema ex altera parte graviter, ex altera autem acute sonent,id. Rep. 6, 18.—Impers.: “sociam se cujuscumque fortunae, et, si ita ferret, comitem exitii promittebat (sc. res or fortuna),Tac. A. 3, 15; so, “si ita ferret,id. H. 2, 44.
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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (247):
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 10.21.6
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 10.26.2
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 11.21.2
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    • Caesar, Gallic War, 3.19.3
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    • Cicero, On the Agrarian Law, 2.28.77
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    • Cicero, For Quintus Roscius the Actor, 15.45
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    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.2.83
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.2.9
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.3.57
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    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.5.121
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.5.126
    • Cicero, For Aulus Caecina, 35.102
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    • Cicero, For Aulus Cluentius, 26.72
    • Cicero, For Aulus Cluentius, 60.168
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    • Cicero, Philippics, 10.7.15
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    • Cicero, Philippics, 6.4.11
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 10, 5.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 2, 50.2
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 11.577
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    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 7.185
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    • Plautus, Trinummus, 1.2
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 1.15
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 6.503
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 9.553
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 10.792
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 2.374
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 2.672
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 2.756
    • Vergil, Georgics, 2.394
    • Suetonius, Divus Augustus, 101
    • Suetonius, Divus Augustus, 31
    • Suetonius, Divus Augustus, 32
    • Suetonius, Caligula, 19
    • Suetonius, Caligula, 47
    • Horace, Satires, 2.8.86
    • Horace, Satires, 1.10.34
    • Horace, Satires, 1.3.11
    • Horace, Satires, 1.6.121
    • Horace, Ars Poetica, 413
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.27.4
    • Caesar, Civil War, 2.17.2
    • Caesar, Civil War, 3.1.4
    • Caesar, Civil War, 3.78.2
    • Tacitus, Annales, 1.5
    • Tacitus, Annales, 3.15
    • Tacitus, Annales, 4.58
    • Tacitus, Annales, 2.43
    • Tacitus, Annales, 6.47
    • Tacitus, Historiae, 4.78
    • Tacitus, Historiae, 2.44
    • Plautus, Amphitruo, 2.2
    • Plautus, Asinaria, 3.3
    • Plautus, Bacchides, 2.3
    • Plautus, Bacchides, 4.3
    • Plautus, Menaechmi, 2.3
    • Plautus, Mercator, 2.3
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 1.11
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 1.30
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 2.69
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 2.70
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 2.84
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 3.42
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 3.432
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 4.195
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 4.681
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 6.755
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 1.725
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 4.422
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 4.745
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 5.14
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 5.942
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 6.663
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 6.672
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 6.8
    • Suetonius, Divus Augustus, 43
    • Suetonius, Divus Augustus, 94
    • Suetonius, Divus Claudius, 2
    • Suetonius, Galba, 3
    • Suetonius, Divus Julius, 13
    • Suetonius, Divus Julius, 20
    • Suetonius, Divus Julius, 55
    • Suetonius, Divus Vespasianus, 19
    • Suetonius, Divus Vespasianus, 23
    • Suetonius, Divus Vespasianus, 6
    • Lucan, Civil War, 1.67
    • Cornelius Nepos, Atticus, 1.3
    • Cornelius Nepos, Datames, 4
    • Cornelius Nepos, Epaminondas, 7
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 12.30
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 8, 33
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 28, 40.2
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 33, 25.6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 4, 12.8
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 4, 5.6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 8, 8
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 5, 28.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 23, 14
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 21
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 28, 40.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 31, 47
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 34.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 42.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 7.6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 2, 40.5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 32
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 24.5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 36.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 57.5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 7, 10
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 23, 31
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 33, 25.7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 33, 32.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 39, 51
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 40, 4.14
    • Cicero, De Legibus, 2.27
    • Cicero, De Republica, 1.2
    • Cicero, De Republica, 1.31
    • Cicero, De Republica, 1.33
    • Cicero, De Republica, 1.4
    • Cicero, De Republica, 1.43
    • Cicero, De Republica, 2.3
    • Cicero, De Republica, 6.17
    • Cicero, De Republica, 6.18
    • Cicero, de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum, 2.16
    • Cicero, de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum, 2.35
    • Cicero, de Natura Deorum, 1.5
    • Cicero, de Natura Deorum, 3.23
    • Cicero, De Amicitia, 11
    • Cicero, De Amicitia, 2
    • Cicero, De Amicitia, 19
    • Cicero, De Divinatione, 1.31
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 4.17
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 4.27
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 5.19
    • Cicero, Paradoxa Stoicorum, 4
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 1.12
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 2.21
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 3.18
    • C. Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica, 7.112
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 2, 13.11
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 3, 1.12
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 5, 10.123
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 6, 1.47
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 5, 14.31
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 7, 2.24
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 8, 3.25
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 8, 5.8
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 9, 4.112
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 7, 1.24
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 8, 3.10
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 9, 4.18
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 10, 1.99
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 11, 1.37
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 11, 1.69
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 11, 3.131
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 11, 3.148
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 11, 3.27
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 12, 10.37
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 12, pr.3
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 10, 1.11
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 10, 3.7
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 12, 11.21
    • Gellius, Noctes Atticae, 10.3.17
    • Sallust, Catilinae Coniuratio, 58
    • Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum, 54
    • Ovid, Tristia, 1.3
    • Ovid, Tristia, 5.9
    • Statius, Thebias, 4
    • Statius, Achilleis, 1
    • Cicero, Brutus, 12.45
    • Cicero, Brutus, 23.89
    • Cicero, Brutus, 49.183
    • Cicero, Brutus, 77.268
    • Cicero, Brutus, 7.27
    • Cicero, Orator, 23.75
    • Cicero, Orator, 28.97
    • Cicero, Orator, 40.139
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