I.indemnification, compensation, satisfaction, expiation, punishment, penalty (cf. mulcta).
I. Lit.: SI INIVRIAM FAXIT ALTERI VIGINTI QVINQVE AERIS POENAE SVNTO, Fragm. XII. Tab.: mi calido das sanguine poenas, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 101 Vahl.); imitated by Virgil: tu tamen interea calido mihi sanguine poenas Persolves amborum, Verg. A. 9, 422 Serv.: “poenas justas et debitas solvere,” Cic. Mil. 31, 85: “poenas pendere,” Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 21; cf. id. As. 2, 4, 77: “maximas poenas pendo temeritatis meae,” Cic. Att. 11, 8, 1; cf.: “rei publicae poenas aut morte aut exsilio dependere,” id. Sest. 67, 140: “poenas pro civibus suis capere,” Sall. J. 68, 3: “id pro immolatis in foro Tarquiniensium Romanis poenae redditum,” Liv. 7, 19, 3: “ut vobis victi Poeni poenas sufferant,” Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 54: “poenas sufferre,” id. Am. 3, 4, 19: ob mortem alicujus poenas luere, Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 90: “poenas pro aliquā re luere,” Sen. Med. 925; Lact. 2, 7, 21; 4, 11, 11; 7, 11, 2: poenam dignam suo scelere suscipere, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7: “poenas a seditioso cive persequi,” id. Fam. 1, 9: “poenas doloris sui ab aliquo petere,” id. Att. 1, 16, 7: “repetere poenas ab aliquo,” id. Rosc. Am. 24, 67: “afficere aliquem poenā,” id. Off. 2, 5, 18: “multā et poenā multare aliquem,” id. Balb. 18, 42: “poena falsarum litterarum,” id. Fl. 17, 39: “reticentiae poena,” id. Off. 3, 16, 65: “poenas acquas irroget peccatis,” Hor. S. 1, 3, 118: “mediocrium delictorum poenae,” Paul. Sent. 5, 17, 3: poena nummaria, a fine, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 14, 2, 2; so, “pecuniaria,” Gai. Inst. 4, 111.—
B. Poena, the goddess of punishment or vengeance; in plur.: Poenae, the goddesses of vengeance, sometimes identified by the poets with the Furiae: “o Poena, o Furia sociorum!” Cic. Pis. 37, 91; cf.: “saeva sororum Poena parens,” Val. Fl. 1, 796; so in sing., Stat. Th. 8, 25; in plur., Cic. Clu. 61, 171; Luc. 6, 695; Varr. ap. Non. 390, 9; Val. Fl. 7, 147.—
II. Transf., hardship, torment, suffering, pain, etc. (postAug.): “frugalitatem exigit philosophia, non poenam,” Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 23, 2, 28, § 59: “captivitatis,” Just. 11, 14, 11.—In plur.: “in tantis vitae poenis,” Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 27: “balaenae pariendi poenis invalidae,” id. 9, 6, 5, § 13: “longa poenarum patientia,” Just. 3, 5, 2: “ebrius qui nullum forte cecidit, dat poenas,” is in anguish, Juv. 3, 279.
