I.perf. subj. rapsit, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; part. perf. fem. ex raptabus, Gell. ap. Charis. p. 39 P.), v. a. root ἁρπ; Gr. ἅρπη, a bird of prey, ἁρπαγή, ἁρπάζω; Lat. rapidus, rapax, rapina, etc.; cf. Sanscr. lup-, lumpāmi, rumpo; Gr. λῦπή, to seize and carry off, to snatch, tear, drag, draw, or hurry away, = violenter sive celeriter capio (freq. and class.; in Cæs. not at all, and in Cic. mostly in the trop. signif.; cf.: ago, fero, traho, capio, sumo).
I. Lit.
A. In gen., Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 15; 30; 31: “quo rapitis me? quo fertis me?” id. Men. 5, 7, 10; cf. Verg. A. 6, 845; Ov. M. 9, 121: “quo me cunque rapit tempestas?” Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 15; cf. id. C. 3, 25, 1: “sumasne pudenter an rapias,” snatch, id. Ep. 1, 17, 45; cf. id. S. 1, 5, 76: “hostes vivos rapere soleo ex acie: ex hoc nomen mihi est (sc. Harpax),” Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 60: “te ex lustris uxor,” id. As. 5, 2, 84: “volucri spe et cogitatione rapi a domo,” Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 7: “ab aede rapuit funale,” Ov. M. 12, 247: “torrem ab aris,” id. ib. 12, 271: “deque sinu matris ridentem . . . Learchum . . . rapit,” id. ib. 4, 516 (for which, simply sinu, id. ib. 13, 450): “hastam, de vulnere,” id. ib. 5, 137: “telum,” Verg. A. 10, 486: “repagula de posti,” Ov. M. 5, 120: “(frondes) altā rapit arbore ventus,” id. ib. 3, 730: “vi atque ingratis ... rapiam te domum,” Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 40: “aliquem sublimem domum,” id. As. 5, 2, 18; cf.: “sublimem,” id. Mil. 5, 1; id. Men. 5, 7, 6; Ter. And. 5, 2, 20: “commeatum in naves rapiunt,” Liv. 41, 3: “aliquem in jus,” Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 21; so, “in jus,” id. Poen. 5, 5, 56; Hor. S. 1, 9, 77; 2, 3, 72; cf.: “in jus ad regem,” Liv. 1, 26: “in carcerem,” Suet. Tib. 11; 61: “aliquem ad cornuficem,” Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 156; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 37: “ad praetorem,” id. Aul. 4, 10, 30: “ad supplicium ob facinus,” Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 238: “ad mortem,” Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 138; id. Cat. 1, 10, 27: “ad tortorem,” id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13: “ad poenam,” Suet. Claud. 10; 37; id. Vit. 14: “ad consulem,” Liv. 10, 20: “matres, virgines, pueros ad stuprum,” id. 26, 13: “teneram virginem ad virum,” Cat. 61, 3 (cf.: “rapi simulatur virgo ex gremio matris, aut, si ea non est, ex proximā necessitudine, cum ad virum traditur, quod videlicet ea res feliciter Romulo cessit,” Fest. p. 289 Müll.): “illum (sc. lembum) in praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,” Verg. G. 1, 203: “nec variis obsita frondibus Sub divum rapiam,” drag into open day, Hor. C. 1, 18, 13. — Poet.: “Nasonis carmina rapti,” i. e. torn from his home, borne far away, Ov. P. 4, 16, 1; cf. id. H. 13, 9; Stat. S. 3, 5, 6. —
B. With the idea of swiftness predominating: “Turnus rapit Totam aciem in Teucros,” Verg. A. 10, 308: “rapit agmina ductor,” Luc. 1, 228: “agmina cursu,” Sil. 7, 116: “legiones,” Plin. Pan. 14: “curru rapi,” Sil. 1, 134: “quattuor hinc rapimur raedis,” Hor. S. 1, 5, 86: “Notus rapit biremes,” Sil. 17, 276: “carinas venti rapuere,” Luc. 3, 46: “rapit per aequora navem,” hurries it away, Verg. A. 10, 660; cf.: “ventis per aequora,” Ov. M. 14, 470: “missos currus,” Hor. S. 1, 1, 114: “pedes quo te rapiunt,” id. C. 3, 11, 49: “arma rapiat juventus,” snatch up, Verg. A. 7, 340; so, “arma,” Ov. M. 2, 603: “arma manu,” Verg. A. 8, 220: “bipennem dextrā,” id. ib. 11, 651: “cingula,” id. ib. 9, 364.—
2. With reflex. pron., to hasten, hurry, tear one's self, etc.: “ocius hinc te Ni rapis,” Hor. S. 2, 7, 118; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 5, 29: “se ad caedem optimi cujusque,” Cic. Phil. 13, 8, 18.—
C. In partic.
1. To carry off by force; to seize, rob, ravish; to plunder, ravage, lay waste, take by assault, carry by force, etc. (very freq.; cf. “praedor),” Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 11: “erat ei vivendum latronum ritu, ut tantum haberet, quantum rapere potuisset,” Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62: “tamquam pilam rapiunt inter se rei publicae statum tyranm ab regibus,” id. Rep. 1, 44, 68: “virgines rapi jussit ... quae raptae erant, etc.,” id. ib. 2, 7, 12; 2, 8, 14; so, “virgines,” to carry off, abduct, Sall. C. 51, 9; Liv. 1, 9; Quint. 7, 7, 3; 9, 2, 70; Hor. C. 2, 4, 8; Ov. M. 12, 225; id. A. A. 1, 680: “raptus a dis Ganymedes,” Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65: “ab Idā,” Hor. C. 3, 20, 16: “omne sacrum rapiente dextrā,” id. ib. 3, 3, 52: “alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,” pillage and plunder, Verg. A. 2, 374 (the Homeric ἄγουσι και φέρουσι; for which, in prose, ferre et agere; v. ago); cf.: “rapturus moenia Romae,” Luc. 3, 99: “Theumeson,” to seize by force, Stat. Th. 4, 370: “Armeniam,” to plunder, lay waste, Tac. A. 13, 6: “Karthaginem,” Sil. 15, 401: “urbem,” Stat. Th. 7, 599: “raptas ad litora vertere praedas,” Verg. A. 1, 528.— Absol.: “rapio propalam,” Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 10: “ut Spartae, rapere ubi pueri et clepere discunt,” Cic. Rep. 4, 5, 11 (Non. 20, 14): “agunt, rapiunt, tenent,” id. Rep. 3, 33, 45 Mos.; cf. “along with trahere,” Sall. C. 11, 4; id. J. 41, 5; “with congerere, auferre,” Mart. 8, 44, 9.— With the idea of rapidity predominating: castra urbesque primo impetu rapere, to conquer rapidly (= raptim capere), Liv. 6, 23, 5 Drak.; so, “castra,” Flor. 3, 20, 4; 4, 12, 34: “Bithyniam,” id. 3, 5, 6: “Hispaniam,” id. 2, 17, 6: “arces,” Luc. 6, 14.— Part. perf. subst.
(α).
rapta , ae, f., the ravished one, the seduced: “gratus raptae raptor fuit,” Ov. A. A. 1, 680; id. H. 5, 97; 13, 55; 16, 339; id. F. 4, 607.—
(β).
raptum , i, n., the plunder, that which is stolen: “rapto vivere,” to live by robbery, Liv. 7, 25 fin.; 22, 39; 28, 24: Quint. 3, 7, 24; Sen. Ep. 70 fin.; Curt. 3, 10 fin.; Just. 41, 4, 7; Verg. A. 7, 749; Ov. M. 11, 291; id. Tr. 5, 10, 16; “for which: ex rapto vivere,” id. M. 1, 144; so, “rapto gaudere,” Liv. 29, 6, 3 Drak.: “rapto potiri,” Verg. A. 4, 217: “rapto uti,” Vell. 2, 73, 3: “sine rapto vivere,” id. 2, 32 fin.—
2. To cut off, mutilate (poet.): “caput,” Sil. 15, 807: “ora gladio,” id. 7, 704: “rapuit non dente ferarum,” Luc. 10, 517.—
3. To carry off suddenly or prematurely by death, to snatch away (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): “improvisa leti Vis rapuit rapietque gentes,” Hor. C. 2, 13, 20; so id. ib. 2, 17, 5; 4, 2, 21; id. Ep. 1, 14, 7; Verg. A. 6, 428; Ov. P. 4, 11, 5; Stat. S. 2, 1, 208; 5, 3, 16; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 46; Suet. Calig. 7; Just. 2, 2, 13 (but Liv. 3, 50, 8: fato erepta, v. Drak.)— Absol.: “et labor et durae rapit inclementia mortis,” i. e. hurries on, Verg. G. 3, 68: “RAPTA EST = obiit,” Inscr. Orell. 4475.
II. Transf. (poet.), of any action or motion which resembles seizing, snatching, etc.: “flammanm,” to catch quickly, Verg. A. 1, 176; Ov. M. 3, 374; cf.: “incendia,” id. ib. 15, 350: nigrum colorem, to take or assume quickly, id. ib. 7, 289; cf.: “vim monstri,” id. ib. 4, 744; “and v. III.: Halesus Turno feroces Mille rapit populos,” leads hastily on, Verg. A. 7, 725; cf. id. ib. 10, 178: rapiuntque ruuntque; Litora deseruere, take hold, seize in haste (the cables, etc.), id. ib. 4, 581; cf.: “scalas, Auct. B. Alex. 20, 4.—Of the gliding movement of a serpent nec rapit immensos orbes per humum,” sweeps along, Verg. G. 2, 153: “pars densa ferarum Tecta rapit,” i. e. range quickly through, Verg. A. 6, 8 Heyne; cf.: “acrior et campum sonipes rapit,” Stat. Th. 5, 3.
III. Trop.
A. In gen., to snatch, force, or hurry away: “fertur quasi torrens oratio, quamvis multa cujusquemodi rapiat,” Cic. Fin. 2, 1, 3: “ipsae res verba rapiunt,” carry along with them, id. ib. 3, 5, 19: aspice me quanto rapiat Fortuna periclo, carries away (the figure taken from a storm at sea), Prop. 1, 15, 3: “aliquem in deteriorem viam,” Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 54; cf.: “(comoediam) in pejorem partem,” i. e. to put a bad construction upon, to misconstrue, misrepresent, Ter. Ad. prol. 3: consilium meum in contrariam partem, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 2: “aliquem in invidiam,” Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 7: “opinionibus vulgi rapimur in errorem,” id. Leg. 2, 17, 43: “si quis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve,” Verg. A. 9, 211; Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13: “cum aliqua his ampla et honesta res objecta est, totos ad se convertit et rapit,” seizes upon, appropriates, id. Off. 2, 10, 37; cf.: “commoda ad se,” id. ib. 3, 5, 22: “victoriae gloriam in se,” Liv. 33, 11 fin.: “almum Quae rapit hora diem,” snatches away, Hor. C. 4, 7, 8; cf.: “simul tecum solatia rapta,” Verg. E. 9, 18: “impetus rapit huc, rapit illuc,” Stat. Th. 12, 794.—
B. In partic.
1. To carry along or away with passion, to transport, ravish, captivate; and with a designation of the limit, to carry or hurry away, to attract strongly to any thing (usually in a bad sense): “impetu raptus,” Quint. 7, 2, 44: “judicem rapere,” id. 6, 2, 3; cf. id. 10, 1, 110; 12, 10, 61: “praedae ac rapinarum cupiditas caeca te rapiebat,” Cic. Pis. 24, 57: “amentiā rapi,” id. Fam. 16, 12, 2: “furorne caecus, an rapit vis acrior, An culpa?” Hor. Epod. 7, 13; cf.: “in medias res auditorem,” id. A. P. 149: “utraque forma rapit,” Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 44: “quem (sc. leonem) cruenta Per medias rapit ira caedes,” Hor. C. 3, 2, 12: “rapit omnes ira,” Sil. 14, 299: ὁρμή, quae hominem huc et illuc rapit, Cic. Off. 1, 28 fin.; cf. Verg. A. 4, 286; 8, 21: “ad quas (res) plerique inflammati aviditate rapiuntur,” Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38: “animus cupidine caecus ad inceptum scelus rapiebat,” Sall. J. 25, 7: “ea (cupiditas) ad oppugnandam Capuam rapit,” Liv. 7, 30 et saep.—In a good sense: “qui ad divinarum rerum cognitionem curā omni studioque rapiantur,” Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111: “rapi ad opes augendas generis humani,” id. Rep. 1, 2, 3. — Poet., with inf. (for ad aliquid): “(mundus) rapit aetherios per carmina pandere census,” Manil. 1, 12.—
2. To seize by violence, to snatch, steal (poet.): Hippodameam raptis nactu'st nuptiis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 398 Vahl.): “oscula,” Hor. C. 2, 12, 28; Tib. 1, 4, 53; 55; 1, 8, 58; cf.: “Venerem incertam,” Hor. S. 1, 3, 109; cf.: “sed rapiat sitiens Venerem,” but may eagerly seize upon, Verg. G. 3, 137: “illicitas voluptates,” Tac. H. 3, 41: “spem adoptionis acrius in dies,” id. ib. 1, 13 fin.: “quo facinore dominationem raptum ierit expediam,” id. A. 4, 1; cf. id. H. 2, 6.—
3. With the idea of rapidity or haste predominating, to snatch, seize, or lay hold of quickly, to hasten, precipitate (poet.; in prose only since the Aug. per.): vive, Ulixes, dum licet: Oculis postremum lumen radiatum rape: non dixit cape, non pete; haberet enim moram sperantis diutius sese victurum; “sed rape,” Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 162 (from an old poet.): “rapiamus, amici, Occasionem de die,” Hor. Epod. 13, 3; so, “occasionem,” Juv. 15, 39: “viam,” to hasten, Ov. H. 19, 74 Loers; cf. “iter,” Sil. 12, 471: “gressus,” Luc. 3, 116: “cursus,” id. 5, 403: “letum,” id. 4, 345: “bellum,” to wage suddenly, id. 5, 403: “nefas,” to hasten, precipitate, id. 10, 428: “ut limis rapias, quid prima secundo Cera velit versu,” may hastily note, Hor. S. 2, 5, 53 al.—In prose: “raptae prope inter arma nuptiae,” Liv. 30, 14, 2 Drak.: “repente impetu facto transitum rapuit,” Front. Strat. 1, 4, 8: “inter rapienda momenta periculorum communium,” Amm. 18, 7, 7 et saep.—
4. In late Lat., to strive for in purchasing: “exemplaria litterarum certatim,” Hier. Ep. 57, 2: “librum totā certatim urbe,” Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 23.
