I.a. [regnum].
I. Neutr., to have royal power, to be king, to rule, reign: “ubi Pterela rex regnavit,” Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 257: “Romulus cum septem et triginta regnavisset annos,” Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 17; cf. id. ib. 2, 14, 27; 2, 18, 33; “2, 20, 36: Servius injussu populi regnavisse traditur,” id. ib. 2, 21, 37: “(Mithridates) annum jam tertium et vicesimum regnat, et ita regnat, ut, etc.,” id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7: “tertium jam nunc annum regnans,” Caes. B. G. 5, 25: “regnante Romulo,” Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25: “(Camers) tacitis regnavit Amyclis,” Verg. A. 10, 564: “quālibet exules In parte regnanto beati,” Hor. C. 3, 3, 39: “Latio regnans,” Verg. A. 1, 265: “regnandi dira cupido,” id. G. 1, 37: “Albae regnare,” Liv. 1, 3: “Romae,” id. 1, 17 fin.; 1, 40: “Tusco profundo,” Ov. M. 14, 223: “Graias per urbes,” Verg. A. 3, 295: “in Colchis,” Plin. 33, 3, 15, § 52: “advenae in nos regnaverunt,” Tac. A. 11, 24.—Once poet., like βασιλεύω, with gen.: “quā Daunus agrestium Regnavit populorum,” Hor. C. 3, 30, 12.—Impers. pass.: “hic jam ter centum totos regnabitur annos Gente sub Hectoreā,” Verg. A. 1, 272: “quia post Tatii mortem ab suā parte non erat regnandum ... in variis voluntatibus regnari tamen omnes volebant,” Liv. 1, 17 Drak. N. cr.: “regnatum Romae ab conditā urbe ad liberatam annos ducentos quadraginta quattuor,” id. 1, 60 fin.: “hinc Cytherea tuis longo regnabitur aevo,” Sil. 3, 592.—
B. In gen., to be lord, to rule, reign, govern, be supreme (syn. dominor); “in a good sense: quoniam equitum centurias tenes, in quibus regnas,” Cic. Fam. 11, 16 fin.; cf.: “regnare in judiciis,” Quint. 10, 1, 112: “vivo et regno,” Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 8. — “Esp., of the gods: caelo tonantem credimus Jovem Regnare,” Hor. C. 3, 5, 2: “Saturno regnante,” Ov. F. 1, 193: “secundo Caesare regnes,” Hor. C. 1, 12, 52.— “In a bad sense (very freq.),” to lord it, tyrannize, domineer, Cic. Sull. 7, 21: “regnavit is paucos menses,” id. Lael. 12, 41: “quin se ille interfecto Milone regnaturum putaret,” id. Mil. 16, 43: “Timarchidem fugitivum omnibus oppidis per triennium scitote regnasse,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 136: “nec jam libertate contentos esse, nisi etiam regnent ac dominentur,” Liv. 24, 29, 7 Drak.; cf. “so with dominari,” Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21; Flor. 3, 12, 9.—
b. Of things, to reign, rule, hold sway (mostly poet.): “umor regnavit in arvis,” Lucr. 5, 395: “(ignis) per ramos victor regnat,” Verg. G. 2, 307: “in totum regnaret Sirius annum,” Stat. Th. 1, 635: “cum regnat rosa (i. e. at a banquet, where the guests were crowned with roses),” Mart. 10, 19, 20: quid faciant leges, ubi sola pecunia regnat? Petr. poët. 14; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 74.—
2. Trop., to rule, have the mastery, prevail, predominate: Παθητικόν, in quo uno regnat oratio, Cic. Or. 37, 128; cf.: “(eloquentia) hic regnat, hic imperat, hic sola vincit,” Quint. 7, 4, 24; 11, 3, 181: “ardor edendi per avidas fauces regnat,” Ov. M. 8, 829; cf.: “ebrietas geminata libidine regnat,” id. ib. 12, 221: “regnat nequitiā,” Sen. Ben. 1, 10: “morbus regnans,” Grat. Cyn. 462. —
II. Act., to rule, sway, govern (only in pass., and poet. and in postAug. prose); part. perf. with dat. of agent: “terra acri quondam regnata Lycurgo,” Verg. A. 3, 14: “Latio regnata per arva Saturno quondam,” id. ib. 6, 794; Ov. M. 8, 623; 13, 720; id. H. 10, 69; Hor. C. 2, 6, 11; 3, 29, 27; Sil. 14, 7: “si unquam regnandam acceperit Albam,” Verg. A. 6, 770: “trans Lugios Gotones regnantur, paulo jam adductius quam ceterae Germanorum gentes,” Tac. G. 44: exceptis iis gentibus quae regnantur, id. ib 25; cf. id. A. 13, 54: “quae (gentes) regnan tur,” id. H. 1, 16 fin.; Mel. 2, 2, 24: “gens reg. nata feminis,” Plin. 6, 20, 23, § 76.
