I.clear, fair, bright, serene (class.; esp. freq. in the poets; cf. sudus).
I. Lit.: cum tonuit laevum bene tempestate serenā, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82 (Ann. v. 517 Vahl.): “caelo sereno,” Lucr. 6, 247; Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2; Verg. G. 1, 260; 1, 487; id. A. 3, 518; Hor. Epod. 15, 1; id. S. 2, 4, 51; Ov. M. 1, 168; 2, 321 et saep.; cf.: “de parte caeli,” Lucr. 6, 99: “in regione caeli,” Verg. A. 8, 528.—Comp.: “caelo perfruitur sereniore,” Mart. 4, 64, 6; cf. “also: o nimium caelo et pelago confise sereno,” Verg. A. 5, 870: “postquam ex tam turbido die serena et tranquilla lux rediit,” Liv. 1, 16, 2: “luce,” Verg. A. 5, 104: “lumen (solis),” Lucr. 2, 150: “nox,” id. 1, 142; Cic. Rep. 1, 15, 23; Verg. G. 1, 426: “sidera,” Lucr. 4, 212: “facies diei,” Phaedr. 4, 16, 5: “species mundi,” Lucr. 4, 134: “aër,” Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 222: “ver,” Verg. G. 1, 340: “aestas,” id. A. 6, 707: “stella,” Ov. F. 6, 718 et saep.: “color (opp. nubilus),” bright, clear, Plin. 9, 35, 54, § 107: “aqua (with candida),” Mart. 6, 42, 19: “vox,” Pers. 1, 19.—Transf., of a wind that clears the sky, that brings fair weather: hic Favonius serenu'st, istic Auster imbricus, * Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 35; hence, also, poet.: “unde serenas Ventus agat nubes,” Verg. G. 1, 461.—
2. As subst.: sĕrēnum , i, n., a clear, bright, or serene sky, fair weather (not in Cic.): “ponito pocillum in sereno noctu,” during a fine night, Cato, R. R. 156, 3; “more freq. simply sereno: Priverni sereno per diem totum rubrum solem fuisse,” Liv. 31, 12, 5; 37, 3, 2: “quare et sereno tonat,” Sen. Q. N. 2, 18; Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 84 (opp. nubilo), Pall. 1, 30, 3; Luc. 1, 530: “liquido ac puro sereno,” Suet. Aug. 95: “nitido sereno,” Sil. 5, 58: “cottidie serenum cum est,” Varr. R. R. 3, 10, 4: “laesique fides reditura sereni,” Stat. S. 3, 1, 81: “serenum nitidum micat,” Mart. 6, 42, 8.—Plur.: “caeli serena Concutiat sonitu,” Lucr. 2, 1100: “soles et aperta serena,” Verg. G. 1, 393: “nostra,” Val. Fl. 1, 332.—
II. Trop.
1. Cheerful, glad, joyous, tranquil, serene (syn.: “laetus, tranquillus, secundus): vita,” Lucr. 2, 1094 Lachm.: “horae (with albus dies),” Sil. 15, 53: rebus serenis servare modum, in propitious or favorable circumstances, in good fortune, id. 8, 546: “vultus,” Lucr. 3, 293; Cat. 55, 8; Hor. C. 1, 37, 26; Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 27: “frons tranquilla et serena,” Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 31: “pectora processu facta serena tuo,” Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 40: “animus,” id. ib. 1, 1, 39: “oculi,” Sil. 7, 461: “Augustus,” Ov. P. 2, 2, 65: “laetitia,” Just. 44, 2, 4: “imperium,” Sil. 14, 80: “res,” id. 8, 546: “sereno vitae tempore,” Auct. Her. 4, 48, 61: “vita,” Lucr. 2, 1094: “temperatus (sanguis) medium quoddam serenum efficit,” Quint. 11, 3, 78; cf.: “tandem aliquid, pulsā curarum nube serenum Vidi,” Ov. P. 2, 1, 5.—
2. SERENVS, an epithet of Jupiter (whose brow was always serene), Inscr. Murat. 1978, 5; cf. Serenator; “hence, Martial calls Domitian: Jovem serenum,” Mart. 5, 6, 9; 9, 25, 3.—
3. Serenissimus, a title of the Roman emperors, Cod. Just. 5, 4, 23.
