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spes , spēi (
I.gen. spe, Liv. 1, 40, 7 dub.; Weissenb. spei; plur. nom. and acc. speres, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll., or Ann. v. 410 and 132 Vahl.; gen. sperum, Eum. Paneg. Const. 15; abl. speribus, Varr. ap. Non. 171, 27 and 30: “spebus,Sid. Apollin. Ep. 3, 6; Sulp. Sev. Dial. 3, 10; Paul. Nol. Carm. 18, 243; Hilar. in Psa. 119; cf. Neue, Formenl. 1, 570), f. perh. root spa-, to draw out; Gr. σπάω; cf.: prosper, spondeo; v. spatium.
I. Lit.
A. In gen., the expectation of something desired, hope (the predom. signif. of the word; syn. exspectatio).
(α). Absol.: “si spes est exspectatio boni, mali exspectationem esse necesse est metum,Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 80: “bona spes cum omnium rerum desperatione confligit,id. Cat. 2, 11, 25: ut aegroto, dum anima est, spes esse dicitur; “sic, etc.,id. Att. 9, 10, 3: nolite nimiam spem habere, Cat. ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1: “spem habere in fide alicujus,Cic. Inv. 1, 39, 71; cf.: “nostros tantum spei habere ad vivendum, quantum accepissent ab Antonio,id. Att. 15, 20, 2: “miserum est nec habere ne spei quidem extremum,id. N. D. 3, 6, 14: “in quīs plurimum habebat spei,Curt. 3, 3, 1: “spem sibi aliquam proponere,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41: “spem reliquorum in vestrā potestate positam esse,id. Fl. 1, 3: “spem ponere in armis,Verg. A. 2, 676: “spem deponere,abandon, Hor. S. 2, 5, 26; “but: spem salvis in alicujus morte deponere,to place, Curt. 10, 9, 7: “spem alicujus alere,Cic. Cat. 1, 12, 30; cf.: “auxerat meam spem, quod, etc.,id. Phil. 12, 1, 2: “aliquem in spem adducere,id. Att. 3, 19, 2: “quae (salus nostra) spe exiguā extremāque pendet,id. Fl. 2, 4: “ut eos homines spes falleret,id. Div. in Caecil. 2, 4: “quantā de spe decidi,Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 9: “hac spe lapsus Indutiomarus,Caes. B. G. 5, 55: “nostris militibus spem minuit,id. ib. 5, 33: “Helvetii spe dejecti,id. ib. 1, 8: “ab hac spe repulsi Nervii,id. ib. 5, 42; cf.: “de spe conatuque depulsus,Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 14: “pro re certā spem falsam domum retulerunt,id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110: “non solum spe, sed certā re jam et possessione deturbatus est,id. Fam. 12, 25, 2: “spei nostrae finem inponere,Liv. 5, 4, 10: “morando spem destituere,id. 1, 51, 5: “dolor tantae ad inritum cadentis spei,id. 2, 6, 1: “spes ad inritum redacta,id. 28, 31, 1: “Philippus, magnā spe depulsus,id. 31, 25, 11: “Tyrii ab ingenti spe destituti erant,Curt. 4, 3, 20: “tantā spe destituti,id. 8, 6, 20: spem pro re ferentes, Liv. 36, 40, 7: “hominem sine re, sine fide, sine spe, etc.,Cic. Cael. 32, 78: “sunt omnia, sicut adulescentis, non tam re et maturitate quam spe et exspectatione laudata,id. Or. 30, 107: “ego jam aut rem aut ne spem quidem exspecto,id. Att. 3, 22, 4: “nemo umquam animo aut spe majora suscipiet, qui, etc.,id. Lael. 27, 102: “multa praeter spem scio multis bona evenisse,Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 69; so, “praeter spem evenit!Ter. And. 2, 6, 5; 4, 1, 55; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 51: “repente praeter spem dixit, etc.,Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 3: “cetera contra spem salva invenit,Liv. 9, 23, 17: “omnia bona in spe habere,Sall. C. 31, 7.—Plur.: “ubi sunt spes meae?Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 28: “si mihi mulierculae essent salvae, spes aliquae forent,id. Rud. 2, 6, 69; id. Capt. 2, 3, 85: “in quo nostrae spes omnesque opes sitae Erant,Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 33; id. Phorm. 3, 1, 6; cf.: “omnes Catilinae spes atque opes concidisse,Cic. Cat. 3, 7, 16; “so often: spes opesque,Sall. J. 107, 4: “(cadus) Spes donare novas largus,Hor. C. 4, 12, 19 al.
2. In partic.
b. Spes, a Roman divinity who had several temples in Rome, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 52; id. Ps. 2, 4, 19; id. Cist. 4, 1, 18; Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; id. N. D. 2, 23, 61; 3, 18, 47; Liv. 2, 51, 2; 25, 7, 6; 40, 51, 6; Tac. A. 2, 49; Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 14; Tib. 1, 1, 9 (19); Ov. A. A. 1, 445; Aus. Idyll. 12, 9; cf. Hartung, Relig. d. Röm. 2, p. 264.—
B. Transf, concr., like the Engl. hope, of that in which hope is placed, or which is hoped for (poet. and in postAug. prose).
1. In gen.: “puppes, Spes vestri reditus,Ov. M. 13, 94; cf.: vestras spes uritis, Verg. A. 5, 672: “spes o fidissima Teucrum (of Aeneas),id. ib. 2, 281: “spem suam (i. e. exta) circumvolat alis (milvus),Ov. M. 2, 719; cf.: “spe (i. e. re speratā) potitur,id. ib. 11, 527.—
2. In partic., of hopeful children, and, by analogy, of the young of animals, or of the fruits of the earth: “devovit nati spemque caputque parens,Ov. H. 3, 94 Ruhnk.; cf. also in plur., of one child: “per spes surgentis Iuli,Verg. A. 6, 364; 10, 524; 4, 274; cf.: “tuosne ego, o meae spes inanes, labentis oculis vidi,Quint. 6, prooem. § 12: “ (capella) gemellos, Spem gregis, silice in nudā connixa reliquit,Verg. E. 1, 15; cf. id. G. 4, 162: “(sus) quia semina pando Eruerit rostro spemque interceperit anni,Ov. M. 15, 113.—
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hide References (108 total)
  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (108):
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 12.25.2
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 14.4.6
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 4.4.3
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 9.1.1
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 11.11.1
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 15.20.2
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 3.19.2
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 3.22.4
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 9.10.3
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    • Caesar, Gallic War, 5.55
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    • Cicero, Against Catiline, 1.12.30
    • Cicero, Against Catiline, 2.11.25
    • Cicero, Against Catiline, 4.11.23
    • Cicero, For Milo, 28.78
    • Cicero, For Milo, 2.5
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.1.20
    • Cicero, On the Agrarian Law, 1.9.27
    • Cicero, Divinatio against Q. Caecilius, 2.4
    • Cicero, For Sextus Roscius of Ameria, 38.110
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.5.41
    • Cicero, Against Catiline, 2.7.14
    • Cicero, Against Catiline, 3.7.16
    • Cicero, For Aulus Cluentius, 3.7
    • Cicero, For Marcus Caelius, 32.78
    • Cicero, Philippics, 12.1.2
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 2, 3.1
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 11.527
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 2.719
    • Plautus, Captivi, 2.3
    • Plautus, Curculio, 2.3
    • Plautus, Mostellaria, 3.1
    • Plautus, Rudens, 1.4
    • Plautus, Rudens, 3.3
    • Plautus, Stichus, 1.1
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 6.364
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 2.676
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 5.672
    • Vergil, Georgics, 4.162
    • Horace, Satires, 2.5.47
    • Horace, Satires, 2.5.26
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 13.94
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 15.113
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 6.554
    • Tacitus, Annales, 16.26
    • Tacitus, Annales, 1.8
    • Tacitus, Annales, 2.49
    • Plautus, Bacchides, 4.8
    • Plautus, Cistellaria, 4.1
    • Plautus, Epidicus, 3.1
    • Plautus, Pseudolus, 2.4
    • Plautus, Rudens, 2.3
    • Plautus, Rudens, 2.6
    • Plautus, Stichus, 4.2
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 1.7
    • Sallust, Catilinae Coniuratio, 20
    • Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum, 107
    • Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum, 88
    • Lucan, Civil War, 5.455
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 2.14
    • Pliny the Younger, Epistulae, 1.10.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 25
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 28, 31.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 34, 24.7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 38, 1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 43, 18
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 9.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 5, 4.10
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 48
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 9, 23
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 37, 26.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 2, 6.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 31, 25
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 33, 44.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 40, 31.6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 36, 40
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 43, 19
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 40.7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 51.5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 2, 51.2
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 40, 51.6
    • Cicero, De Legibus, 2.11
    • Cicero, De Republica, 1.10
    • Cicero, De Republica, 2.3
    • Cicero, de Natura Deorum, 2.23
    • Cicero, de Natura Deorum, 3.6
    • Cicero, De Amicitia, 19
    • Cicero, De Amicitia, 27
    • Cicero, De Amicitia, 9
    • Cicero, De Amicitia, 16
    • Cicero, De Amicitia, 3
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 1.41
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 4.37
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 2.15
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 1, 1.1
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 6, pr.12
    • Gellius, Noctes Atticae, 13.17.1
    • Sallust, Catilinae Coniuratio, 31
    • Statius, Thebias, 9
    • Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 10.9.7
    • Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 3.3.1
    • Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 4.3.20
    • Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 8.6.20
    • Cicero, Orator, 30.107
    • Cicero, De Inventione, 1.39
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