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summa , ae, f. (sc. res; old
I.gen. summai, Lucr. 1, 984; 6, 679) [summus, v. superus].
I. Lit., that which is highest in any thing, the top, summit, surface (postAug. and very rare): “testudines evectae in summā pelagi,Plin. 9, 10, 12, § 35 (cf. summus, I. s. v. superus).—
II. Transf., that which is most important or prominent in any thing, the main thing, chief point, principal matter; the sum, height, substance, summit, completion, perfection
A. In gen.: “leges a me edentur non perfectae ... sed ipsae summae rerum atque sententiae,the main points, chief particulars, Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 18: “cujus rei satis erit summam dixisse,id. Inv. 1, 20, 28: “ex hac infinitā licentiā haec summa cogitur, ut, etc.,id. Rep. 1, 43, 67: “lectis rerum summis,Liv. 40, 29, 11: “haec summa est, hic nostri nuntius esto,Verg. A. 4, 237: “summa est, si curaveris, ut, etc.,Cic. Fam. 13, 75, 2: “in hoc summa judicii causaque tota consistit,id. Quint. 9, 32: “eam ignominiam ad summam universi belli pertinere ratus,to the issue of the whole war, Liv. 32, 17, 3; cf.: “haec belli summa nefandi,Verg. A. 12, 572: “solus summam habet hic apud nos,the first place, pre-eminence, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 15: “qui vobis summam ordinis consiliique concedunt,Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15: “summam alicui rei dare,perfection, culmination, Quint. 3, 2, 1: 5, 10, 72; 11, 2, 41; 12, 1, 20: remittendo de summā quisque juris. strict or extreme right, Liv. 4, 43, 11.—
B. In partic.
1. Of a reckoning of numbers, the amount, the sum, sum total, including each of the single items, as if counted: quid, tu, inquam, soles, cum rationem a dispensatore accipis, si aera singula probasti, summam, quae ex his confecta sit, non probare? Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 193, 11: “addendo deducendoque videre, quae reliqui summa fiat,id. Off. 1, 18, 59: Py. Quanta istaec hominum summa est? Ar. Septem milia, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 46: “equitum magno numero ex omni populi summa separato,Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 39: “subducamus summam,id. Att. 5, 21, 11: “summam facere,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 131.—
2. Of money, a sum, amount.
3. Without reference to a count, the sum, the whole: “de summā mali detrahere,Cic. Tusc. 3, 23, 55: “summa cogitationum mearum omnium,id. Fam. 1, 9, 10: “meorum maerorum atque amorum summam edictavi tibi,Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 2: “ergo ex hac infinita licentiā haec summa cogitur,Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67: “proposita vitae ejus velut summa,Suet. Aug. 9: “vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam,Hor. C. 1, 4, 15: summarum summa est aeterna, the sum of all sums, the sum of all things, i. e. the universe, Lucr. 5, 361; so, “summa summarum,Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 4; Sen. Ep. 40, 13; and: summa summaï, Lucr 6, 679. —
4. Adverb.
(α). Ad summam, on the whole, generally, in short, in a word: “ille affirmabat ... ad summam: non posse istaec sic abire,Cic. Att. 14, 1, 1; so, “ad summam,id. ib. 7, 7, 7; id. Off. 1, 42, 149; id. Fam. 14, 14, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 106, Juv. 3, 79.—
(γ). In summā, at last, finally (post-Aug.): “diu colluctatus est: in summā victus occumbit,Just. 13, 8, 8; 22, 1, 8; 37, 1, 8.—
2. That which relates to the whole, as opp. to a part; with gen., the general, supreme: “(Remi dicebant) ad hunc (regem) totius belli summam omnium voluntate deferri,the command in chief, Caes. B. G. 2, 4: “neque de summā belli suum judicium sed imperatoris esse,id. ib. 1, 41: “cum penes unum est omnium summa rerum, regem illum unum vocamus,authority over all affairs, the supreme power, Cic. Rep. 1, 26, 42: “is, qui summam rerum administrabat,id. Rosc. Am. 32, 91: “ad te summa solum, Phormio, rerum redit,Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 3: “ad summam rerum consulere,for the general interest, Caes. B. C. 3, 51: “ad discrimen summa rerum adducta,to a general engagement, Liv. 10, 27: “discrimen summae rerum,id. 10, 14: “quos penes summam consilii voluit esse, cum imperii summam rex teneret,the sole command, Cic. Rep. 2, 28, 51; cf.: “qui vobis summam ordinis consiliique concedunt,id. Cat. 4, 7, 15: “imperii,Caes. B. G. 2, 23; id. B. C. 3, 5: “quod penes eos (Bituriges), si id oppidum retinuissent, summam victoriae constare intellegebant,the whole credit of the victory, id. B. G. 7, 21; so, victoriae, id. B. C. 1, 82.—Poet.: “summa ducum, Atri des,Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37.
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hide References (59 total)
  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (59):
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 13.75.2
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 14.14.2
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 1.9.10
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 14.1.1
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 5.21.11
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 2.4
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 2.23
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 6.34
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 7.21
    • Cicero, Against Catiline, 4.7.15
    • Cicero, For Sextus Roscius of Ameria, 32.91
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.2.131
    • Plautus, Miles Gloriosus, 1.1
    • Plautus, Rudens, 1.2
    • Plautus, Trinummus, 4.2
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 12.572
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 4.237
    • Suetonius, Divus Augustus, 9
    • Suetonius, Domitianus, 11
    • Horace, Ars Poetica, 384
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.67
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.82
    • Caesar, Civil War, 3.5
    • Caesar, Civil War, 3.51
    • Plautus, Truculentus, 1.1
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 6.679
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 1.984
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 5.361
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 2.11
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 9.35
    • Pliny the Younger, Epistulae, 1.22.6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 45, 4.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 30, 16.12
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 38, 11
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 40, 29.11
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 10, 27
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 61
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 32, 17.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 33, 23.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 10, 14
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 4, 43.11
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 40, 46.16
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 32, 17.2
    • Cicero, De Legibus, 2.7
    • Cicero, De Republica, 1.26
    • Cicero, De Republica, 1.43
    • Cicero, De Republica, 2.22
    • Cicero, De Republica, 2.28
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 3.23
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 1.42
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 3, 2.1
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 4, 2.41
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 4, 2.90
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 5, 10.117
    • Seneca, Epistulae, 40.13
    • Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 3.13.16
    • Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 5.6.10
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 4.8.1
    • Cicero, De Inventione, 1.20
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