I.perf. surregit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 296 Müll.; “orig. forms: surrigit,” Verg. A. 4, 183; Sen. Q. N. 6, 4: surriguntur, id. Ira, 1, 1 med.: surrigebant, Hier. Vit. Hil. fin.: “subrigens,” Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88; 10, 29, 44, § 86: subrigere, id. 18, 35, 89, § 365. — “Sync. forms: surrexti,” Mart. 5, 79, 1: “surrexe,” Hor. S. 1, 9, 73), v. a. and n. contr. from surrigo, from sub-rego.
I. Act., to lift or raise up, to raise, erect, elevate (very rare; “after the Aug. per., the original uncontracted forms were chiefly used in this sense, to distinguish it from the class. signif., II.): plaudite, valete: lumbos surgite atque extollite,” Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 68: “caput,” Sen. Herc. Fur. 329: “omnes capitum hiatus ( = capita hiantia),” Stat. Th. 2, 27: “surgit caput Apenninus,” Avien. Perieg. 484: “tot surrigit aures,” Verg. A. 4, 183: “terrae motus defert montes, surrigit plana, valles extuberat,” Sen. Q. N. 6, 4, 2: “paulatim subrigens se,” Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88: “cristam,” id. 10, 29, 44, § 86: “cornua,” Col. 7, 3, 3; cf. “mid.: horrent et surriguntur capilli,” rise, stand erect, Sen. Ira, 1, 1, 4: “hastae surrectā cuspide in terrā fixae,” Liv. 8, 8: “mucrone surrecto,” id. 7, 10, 10: “calcar equo,” Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 12: “aures subrectae furentibus,” Plin. 11, 37, 50, § 137: “turres subrectae,” Sen. Ep. 86, 4: “surrecta moles,” Sil. 2, 599.—
II. Neutr., to rise, arise, to get up, stand up (the predominant and class. signif. of the word; syn.: exsurgo, exorior).
A. Lit.
1. In gen.: “a mensā surgunt saturi, poti,” Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62: “a cenā,” Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 13: “e lecto,” Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 4: “e lectulo,” Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112: “de sellā,” Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147: “ex subselliis,” id. Fl. 10, 22: “solio,” Ov. M. 3, 273: “humo,” id. ib. 2, 771; id. F. 6, 735: “toro,” id. M. 9, 702: “toris,” id. ib. 12, 579: “ab umbris ad lumina vitae,” Verg. A. 7, 771.— “Esp., of an orator: cur, cum tot summi oratores sedeant, ego potissimum surrexerim,” Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 1: “ad dicendum,” id. de Or. 2, 78, 316; Quint. 2, 6, 2: “ad respondendum,” Cic. Clu. 18, 51: “surgit ad hos Ajax,” Ov. M. 13, 2.—Absol.: “nolo eum, qui dicturus est, sollicitum surgere,” Quint. 12, 5, 4: “secundā vigiliā surgit,” breaks up the camp, marches, Curt. 5, 4, 23.—
b. Of things, to rise, mount up, ascend (mostly poet.; “syn. ascendo): surgat pius ignis ab arā,” Ov. P. 4, 9, 53: “jussit subsidere valles ... lapidosos surgere montes,” id. M. 1, 44: “mons Rhipaeus,” Mel. 1, 19 fin.: “Atlas,” id. 3, 10. — “Of the sea: fretum,” Ov. M. 14, 711: “mare,” id. ib. 15, 508: “aequora,” Verg. A. 3, 196: “undae,” id. ib. 6, 354: “amoeni fontes,” Quint. 8, 3, 8: “cacumina oleae in altum,” id. 8, 3, 10: “fistula disparibus avenis,” Ov. M. 8, 192; cf. poet.: “surgens in cornua cervus ( = ferens cornua ardua),” i. e. towering, Verg. A. 10, 725: “umeri surgunt,” id. ib. 10, 476: “lux Praecipitatur aquis et aquis nox surgit ab isdem,” Ov. M. 4, 92; id. F. 4, 629: “sol,” Hor. S. 1, 9, 73: “dies,” Verg. G. 3, 400: “luna,” id. A. 6, 453: “tenebrae,” Sen. Thyest. 822: “austri,” Verg. A. 3, 481: “ventus,” id. ib. 5, 777: “quae (aedes) proxima surgit ovili,” stands, Juv. 6, 529.—
2. In partic.
a. To rise, arise, get up from bed, from sleep: “ille multo ante lucem surrexit,” Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14: “ante lucem,” id. Att. 16, 13, a: “cum die,” Ov. M. 13, 677: “mane ad invisas rotas,” id. Am. 1, 13, 38: “ad lites novas,” id. ib. 1, 13, 22: “ad praescripta munia,” Hor. S. 2, 2, 81.—
b. To rise in growth, to spring up, grow up; to rise in building, be built, etc. (poet. and in post - Aug. prose): “venerata Ceres culmo surgeret alto,” Hor. S. 2, 2, 124: “nec potuere surgere messes,” Verg. G. 1, 161: “harundo,” Ov. M. 13, 891: “sementis,” Col. 2, 8, 5: “surgens arx,” Verg. A. 1, 366; cf.: “nunc aggere multo Surgit opus,” Luc. 2, 679: “area cinere mixtisque pumicibus oppleta surrexerat,” Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 14: “Ascanius surgens,” growing, Verg. A. 4, 274.—
c. To ascend, go up: “ad auras Aetherias,” i. e. into life, Verg. A. 6, 762.—
B. Trop., to rise, arise, occur, etc. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): “multum supra prosam orationem surgit,” Quint. 10, 1, 81: “quae nunc animo sententia surgit?” Verg. A. 1, 582: “pugna aspera surgit,” id. ib. 9, 667: “discordia,” id. ib. 12, 313: “rumor,” Tac. H. 2, 42: “honor,” Ov. F. 5, 228: “ingenium suis velocius annis,” id. A. A. 1, 186: “non ulla laborum nova mi facies surgit,” Verg. A. 6, 104.—Of the swell of a verse: sex mihi surgat opus numeris; “in quinque residat (cf.: "in the hexameter rises the fountain's silvery column," Coleridge),” Ov. Am. 1, 1, 27. —
2. With in or ad and acc., to rise to or against, to attempt, assume, attack, etc. (poet. and late Lat.): “in Teucros Aetolis surgit ab Arpis Tydides,” Verg. A. 10, 28: surrecturus in vires, si ipse quoque lacesseretur, Amm. 31, 3, 4: “Procopius in res surrexerat novas,” id. 26, 5, 8: “ad motum certaminum civilium avide surrecturus,” id. 21, 15, 1: “ad insontium pericula surrexerunt,” id. 21, 13, 14; App. M. 7, p. 198, 3.
