I.the publication of a last will or testament; a will, testament (cf. codicilli).
I. In gen., Gell. 7 ($3), 12, 1 sqq.: “testamentum est voluntatis nostrae justa sententia de eo, quod quis post mortem suam fieri velit,” Dig. 28, 1, 1: “testamentum legere ... obsignare ... facere,” Cic. Mil. 18, 48; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 43, § 111; cf.: “testamenti factio,” id. Top. 11, 50: “testamenti factionem habere,” id. Fam. 7, 21: “testamentum conscribere,” id. Har. Resp. 20, 42: “obsignare,” id. Clu. 14, 41; Caes. B. G. 1, 39: “signare,” Quint. 4, 2, 87: “mutare,” Cic. Clu. 11, 31; Dig. 29, 6, 1: “rumpere,” Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 241; id. Caecin. 25, 72; cf.: “testamentorum ruptorum aut ratorum jura,” id. de Or. 1, 38, 173: “constat agnascendo rumpi testamentum,” id. ib. 1, 57, 241; Dig. 28, 2, 22 sqq.: “irritum facere,” Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 109: “subicere,” id. ib. 14, 3, 7; id. Par. 6, 2, 46; cf.: “testamentorum subjector,” id. Cat. 2, 4, 7: “supponere,” id. Par. 6, 1, 43; cf. id. Leg. 1, 16, 43: “testamento cavere aliquid,” id. Fin. 2, 31, 102: “testamento esse in triente,” id. Att. 7, 8, 3: “eripis hereditatem, quae venerat testamento,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 46: “cum ex testamento HS. milies relinquatur,” id. Off. 3, 24, 93: “testamenta resignare,” Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9: “testamento aliquem adoptare,” Nep. Att. 5, 2: testamenta nuncupare, to announce or acknowledge before witnesses, Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141; Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 5.—Concerning the three different kinds of testaments (calatis comitiis, per aes ad libram, and in procinctu), and the laws relating to wills in gen., v. Lübker, Real-Lex., s.v. Testamentum, and esp. Rein, Privatr. p. 363 sq.—
II. In eccl. Lat: Testamentum vetus et novum, the Old and New Testaments, cf. Lact. 4, 20, 4; Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 1: “vetus,” Vulg. 2 Cor. 3, 14: “novum,” ib. 3, 6.