I.across, over, beyond, on the farther side of.
A. With verbs of motion: “trans mare hinc venum asportet,” Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 19; cf.: “qui trans mare currunt,” Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27: “hominum multitudinem trans Rhenum in Galliam transducere,” Caes. B. G. 1, 35: “vexillum trans vallum hostium traicere,” Liv. 25, 14, 4: “trans vallum transicere signum,” id. 41, 4, 2; cf.: “cineres transque caput jace,” Verg. E. 8, 102: “trans Apenninum coloniis missis,” Liv. 5, 33, 9: “curvos trans ripam miserat arcus,” Ov. M. 9, 114: “Naevus trans Alpes usque transfertur,” Cic. Quint. 3, 12. —
B. With verbs of rest: Germani trans Rhenum incolunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 28: “trans Tiberim hortos aliquos parare,” Cic. Att. 12, 19, 1: “si scisset, sibi trans Euphratem esse pereundum,” id. Div. 2, 9, 22: “domino trans ripam inspectante,” id. Mil. 27, 174: “eo ipso tempore trans mare fui,” id. Inv. 1, 29, 45: “trans flumen,” id. ib. 2, 31, 97: “tuae res gestae ita notae sunt, ut trans montem Taurum etiam de Matrinio sit auditum,” id. Fam. 2, 15, 5: “colonia, quae trans Padum omnia loca tenuere,” Liv. 5, 33, 10: “omnibus ultra castra transque montis exploratis,” id. 22, 43, 7.—
II. In composition, trans before vowels, except i, and the consonants b, c, f, g, p, r, t, and v remains unchanged; before i, j, d, l, m, and n the orthography varies between trans and trā, e. g. transdo and trado, transduco and traduco, etc.; the fuller form predominates in Cæsar. The s of trans disappears usually before another s, and always before sc, e. g. transilio, transcendo, transpicio, etc.; cf. Bramb. Aids to Lat. Orth. p. 38; Neue, Formenl. II. 734 sq.—
B. As to its signification, trans denotes,
1. Over, across; as, trado, traduco, transcurro, transeo, etc.—
2. Through, through and through; as, transfigo, transigo, traicio, transadigo, etc.—
3. Beyond, transalpinus.
