I.fut. perf. turbassit, for turbaverit, Cic. Leg. 3, 4; al. turbassitur) [turba], to disturb, agitate, confuse, disorder; to throw into disorder or confusion (freq. and class.; syn.: confundo, misceo, agito).
I. Lit.: “ventorum vi agitari atque turbari mare,” Cic. Clu. 49, 138: “aequora ventis,” Lucr. 2, 1: “hibernum mare,” Hor. Epod. 15, 8; Ov. M. 7, 154; 14, 545 al.: “eversae turbant convivia mensae,” id. ib. 12, 222; cf. in a poet. transf.: “ancipiti quoniam bello turbatur utrimque,” Lucr. 6, 377: “ne comae turbarentur, quas componi vetuit,” Quint. 11, 3, 148: “ne turbet toga mota capillos,” Ov. Am. 3, 2, 75: “capillos,” id. M. 8, 859; id. Am. 3, 14, 33; cf. “in a Greek construction: turbata capillos,” id. M. 4, 474: “ceram,” the seal, Quint. 12, 8, 13: “uvae recentes alvum turbant,” Plin. 23, 1, 6, § 10.— Absol.: “instat, turbatque ruitque,” Ov. M. 12, 134.—Reflex.: “cum mare turbaret (sc. se),” Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 7 Schneid. ad loc. (al. turbaretur).—
B. In partic.
1. Milit. t. t., to throw into disorder, break the line of battle, disorganize: “equitatus turbaverat ordines,” Liv. 3, 70, 9: “aciem peditum,” id. 30, 18, 10.—Absol.: “equites eruptione factā in agmen modice primo impetu turbavere,” Liv. 38, 13, 12: “turbantibus invicem copiis,” Flor. 4, 2, 49: “hic rem Romanam, magno turbante tumultu, sistet,” Verg. A. 6, 857.—
2. Of water, to trouble, make thick or turbid: “lacus,” Ov. M. 6, 364: “fons quem nulla volucris turbarat,” id. ib. 3, 410: “flumen imbre,” id. ib. 13, 889: “limo aquam,” Hor. S. 1, 1, 60: “aquas lacrimis,” Ov. M. 3, 475; cf.: “pulvis sputo turbatus,” Petr. 131.—
II. Trop.: “non modo illa permiscuit, sed etiam delectum atque ordinem turbavit,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123: “qui omnia inflma summis paria fecit, turbavit, miscuit,” id. Leg. 3, 9, 19: “Aristoteles quoque multa turbat, a magistro Platone non dissentiens,” id. N. D. 1, 13, 33: “quantas res turbo!” Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 1: “quas meus filius turbas turbet,” id. Bacch. 4, 9, 1; cf.: “quae meus filius turbavit,” id. ib. 5, 1, 5; id. Cas. 5, 2, 6: “ne quid ille turbet vide,” Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 24: “haec, quae in re publicā turbantur,” id. ib. 3, 9, 3: “cum dies alicui nobilium dicta novis semper certaminibus contiones turbaret,” Liv. 3, 66, 2: ne incertā prole auspicia turbarentur, id. 4, 6, 2: “milites nihil in commune turbantes,” Tac. H. 1, 85: “turbantur (testes),” Quint. 5, 7, 11; cf. id. 4, 5, 6; 5, 14, 29; 10, 7, 6: “spem pacis,” Liv. 2, 16, 5.—Absol.: Ph. Ea nos perturbat. Pa. Dum ne reducam, turbent porro, quam velint, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 12 (cf. I. B. 1. supra): “repente turbare Fortuna coepit,” Tac. A. 4, 1: “si una alterave civitas turbet,” id. ib. 3, 47: M. Servilius postquam, ut coeperat, omnibus in rebus turbarat, i. e. had deranged all his affairs, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2.—Impers. pass.: “nescio quid absente nobis turbatum'st domi,” Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 7: “totis Usque adeo turbatur agris,” Verg. E. 1, 12: “si in Hispaniā turbatum esset,” Cic. Sull. 20, 57.—Hence, turbātus , a, um, P. a., troubled, disturbed, disordered, agitated, excited.
A. Lit.: “turbatius mare ingressus,” more stormy, Suet. Calig. 23: “turbatius caelum,” id. Tib. 69.—
B. Trop.: “hostes inopinato malo turbati,” Caes. B. C. 2, 12: “oculis simul ac mente turbatus,” Liv. 7, 26, 5: “turbatus religione simul ac periculo,” Suet. Ner. 19; cf.: “turbatus animi,” Sil. 14, 678: “placare voluntates turbatas,” Cic. Planc. 4, 11: seditionibus omnia turbata sunt, Sall. Or. Phil. contr. Lepid. 1: “turbata cum Romanis pax,” Just. 18, 2, 10: “omnia soluta, turbata atque etiam in contrarium versa,” Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 7; cf.: “quae si confusa, turbata, permixta sunt, etc.,” id. ib. 9, 5, 3.—Hence, adv.: turbātē , confusedly, disorderly: “aguntur omnia raptim atque turbate,” in confusion, Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 1.
