I.empty, void, free, clear, devoid of, without something (freq. and class.; cf. inanis.)
I. In gen.
A. Lit., in material sense.
(α).
Absol.: “spatium vacuum,” Lucr. 1, 523; cf. id. 1, 394; 1, 509: “vacua castra,” Caes. B. G. 7, 45: “perque domos Ditis vacuas et inania regna,” Verg. A. 6, 269: “atria,” id. ib. 7, 379; “2, 528: porticus,” id. ib. 2, 761: “videntur Aëra per vacuum ferri,” id. G. 3, 109: “Acerrae,” unpeopled, id. ib. 2, 225: “Cumae,” Juv. 3, 2: “Ulubrae,” id. 10, 102: “agri,” Verg. G. 2, 54: “aurae,” id. A. 12, 592: “caelum,” id. ib. 5, 515: “oppida, Auct. B. Afr. 9: aliquam partem aedium vacuam facere,” Liv. 39, 14, 2: “aër,” Hor. C. 1, 3, 34: “theatrum,” id. Ep. 2, 2, 130: “aula,” id. C. 4, 14, 36: “tabellae,” Quint. 10, 3, 32: “numerus peditum in vicem prolapsorum equitum vacuos capientium ad pugnam equos,” Liv. 44, 26, 3: “lectus,” Prop. 2, 2, 1: Ov. M. 11, 471: “per vacuum locum inruperunt,” Liv. 25, 3, 18: “manus,” Quint. 11, 2, 42: “ossa vacuis exsucta medullis,” Juv. 8, 90: si vacuo ventre mulier fuit, not pregnant (opp. plenus), Dig. 29, 2, 84: “vultus,” without eyes, Sen. Oedip. 1012.—
(β).
With abl.: “nihil igni vacuum videri potest,” Cic. Univ. 4: “gladium vaginā vacuum in urbe non vidimus,” id. Marcell. 6, 17: “moenia defensoribus,” Liv. 42, 63, 6: “viae occursu hominum,” id. 5, 41, 5: “cultoribus agri,” Ov. M. 7, 653: “ense ebur,” id. ib. 4, 148: “arvum arboribus,” Col. 3, 11, 3: “loca fetu in vite,” id. 3, 10, 5: “pectus velamine,” Stat. Th. 1, 593.—
(γ).
With ab and abl.: “Messana ab his rebus...vacua ac nuda est,” Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 2, § 3: “oppidum vacuum ab defensoribus,” without, Caes. B. G. 2, 12: “pars Galliae ab exercitu,” Hirt. B. G. 8, 46: “vacuum ab hostibus mare,” Liv. 37, 13, 6.—
(δ).
With gen. (rare; mostly poet.): “ager aridus et frugum vacuus,” Sall. J. 90, 1: “Romana urbs annonae,” Mamert. Grat. Act. ad Julian. 14.—
b. Subst.: vă-cŭum , i, n., an empty space, an open or vacant place, a void, vacuity: “vacuum minus intus habere,” Lucr. 1, 367: “in vacuum poterunt se extendere rami,” Verg. G. 2, 287: “ne per vacuum incurreret hostis,” Hor. S. 2, 1, 37: “libera per vacuum posui vestigia princeps,” Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 21.—
B. Transf., free from, clear, devoid of, without.
(α).
With abl.: “animus per somnum sensibus et curis vacuus,” Cic. Div. 2, 11, 27: “molestiis,” id. Fam. 4, 4, 2: “cupiditate et timore,” id. Fin. 2, 10, 30: “consilium periculo,” id. Att. 10, 16, 2: “cum vacui curis etiam quid in caelo fiat scire avemus,” id. Fin. 2, 14, 46: “vacui negotiis vivere possimus,” id. ib. 4, 5, 12: “his rebus mens vacua,” id. Tusc. 3, 4, 9: “vacuus duellis Janus,” Hor. C. 4, 15, 8: “crimine nox vacua est,” Ov. F. 4, 581: “ille metu vacuus,” id. M. 3, 582: “nullum tempus sterile et vacuum beneficio,” Plin. Pan. 56, 2: “aemulatione,” Tac. A. 12, 2: “curā domesticā vacuus,” id. H. 1, 88: “tali culpā,” id. A. 6, 16: “tributo,” id. ib. 12, 61: “vacuam laboribus egi vitam,” Ov. Tr. 5, 3, 9.—
(β).
With ab and abl.: “Mamertini soli vacui, expertes, soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestiā, munere,” Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23: “a securibus et tributis,” Tac. A. 12, 34; 12, 61: “hora nulla vacua a furto, a scelere, crudelitate, flagitio reperietur,” Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 34: “nullus dies ab exercitationibus oratoriis,” id. Brut. 90, 309: “animus a talibus factis vacuus et integer,” id. Inv. 2, 7, 24: “cum ab omni molestiā vacuus esses,” id. Fam. 11, 16, 1: “domus a suspitione religionis vacua atque pura,” id. Har. Resp. 6, 11: “ab odio, amicitiā, irā atque misericordiā,” Sall. C. 51, 1: “a culpa,” id. ib. 14, 4: censores vacui ab operum locandorun; “curā,” Liv. 24, 18, 1.—
(γ).
With gen.: “vacuas caedis habete manus,” Ov. A. A. 1, 642: “operum vacuus,” Hor. S. 2, 2, 119: “vacuas habuissem criminis umbras,” Ov. M. 6, 541: “composuit ad Caesarem litteras, quasi confecto bello verbis magnificas, rerum vacuas,” Tac. A. 15, 8.—
(δ).
With dat. of that for which room or a vacancy exists or is made: “Aruns Tarquinius et Tullia minor, prope continuatis funeribus cum domos vacuas novo matrimonio fecissent, junguntur,” Liv. 1, 46, 9: “necato filio vacuam domum scelestis nuptiis fecisse,” Sall. C. 15, 2: “quanto molimine circumspectemus vacuam Romanis vatibus aedem (Apollinis),” Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 94.—Subst.: văcŭum , i, n., leisure: “aliquid invenire vacui,” Quint. 10, 6, 1.—
II. In partic. (cf. vaco, II.).
A. Free from labor or occupation, without business, at leisure, clear, disengaged, unoccupied, idle: “quoniam vacui sumus, dicam,” Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 13: “si es animo vacuo, expone nobis quod quaerimus ... hunc elegimus diem, cum te sciremus esse vacuum,” id. Brut. 5, 20: “animus vacuus ac solutus,” Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 26: “aures vacuae atque eruditae,” Quint. 10, 1, 32: “aures,” Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 26; Ov. M. 4, 41; 12, 56: “pedibus vacuis terere Porticum,” id. A. A. 1, 491: “si quid vacui sub umbrā Lusimus,” Hor. C. 1, 32, 1: “cetera, quae vacuas tenuissent carmine mentes,” Verg. G. 3, 3: “ne vacuum esse me nunc ad narrandum credas,” Ter. And. 4, 2, 23: “ut animum vacuum ad res difficiles scribendas afferam,” Cic. Att. 12, 38, 3: “cum per tot menses vacuā civitate nemo controversiam fecerit,” Liv. 3, 40, 10.—Sup.: “nec rursus jubeo, dum sit vacuissima quaeras,” Ov. P. 3, 1, 141.—Poet., transf., of places in which to lounge or enjoy leisure, quiet, peaceful, undisturbed, etc.: “Tibur,” Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 45: “Athenae,” id. ib. 2, 2, 81: “tonsoris in umbrā,” id. ib. 1, 7, 50 (cf.: “otiosa Neapolis,” id. Epod. 5, 43).—Rarely of persons, free from care, calm, composed: “Rutilius animo vacuus,” i. e. careless, without apprehension, Sall. J. 52, 6: “haud animi vacuus,” quiet, Stat. Th. 5, 644: “cantamus vacui, sive quid urimur,” Hor. C. 1, 6, 19; so of one free from love, id. ib. 1, 5, 10.—Of female animals, not bearing young: “equa,” Col. 6, 37, 10.—Impers.: vacuum est, with inf., there is leisure, time, Sall. H. 1, 10; Tac. H. 2, 28.—
B. Of time, free, vacant, disengaged, leisure: “etiam si spatium ad dicendum nostro commodo vacuosque dies habuissemus,” Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 56: “cum vacui temporis nihil haberem,” id. Att. 2, 23, 1: “vacuam noctem operi dedere,” Liv. 3, 28, 7: “tempora,” Col. 12, 4, 1; cf. Luc. 3, 26.—
C. Of women, free, unmarried, single: “ubi mulier vacua fuit,” Tac. A. 13, 44: vacuis indicere nuptias, Pseudo - Quint. Decl. 376: “Hersilia,” i. e. widowed, Ov. M. 14, 831.—
D. Of possessions, free, vacant, without an occupant or master: “vacuam possessionem regni sperans,” Caes. B. C. 3, 112: “prudentiae doctrinaeque possessio ... quasi caduca atque vacua,” Cic. de Or. 3, 31, 122: “centuria, id. Tull. § 17: sese praedia vacua filio traditurum,” id. Rosc. Am. 9, 26: “vacuam rempublicam tradere Hannibali,” Liv. 23, 2, 7: “ut impetus fiat in vacuam rempublicam,” Sall. C. 52, 23: “sacerdotia ut vacua contulit in alios,” Tac. A. 6, 40; cf.: “Syriam provinciam vacuam tum morte Atilii Rufi,” id. Agr. 40: “vacua Armenia,” without a ruler, id. A. 12, 50: “bona,” Dig. 38, 9, 1, § 12: “possessio,” ib. 41, 3, 4, § 22; Gai Inst. 4, 131.— Subst.: văcŭum , i, n.: “si quis casus puerum egerit Orco, In vacuum venias,” into the vacant property, Hor. S. 2, 5, 50: “ut in vacuum lege praeditoriā venalis pependerit,” Suet. Claud. 9; cf. Quint. 12, 9, 8.—
E. Without value, worthless, useless, empty, vain, unprofitable, = vanus (rare; “not anteAug.): si respublica et senatus et populus vacua nomina sunt,” Tac. H. 1, 30: “rem,” Petr. 102: “vacua et inanis productio verbi,” Gell. 11, 15, 6: “tollens vacuum plus nimio Gloria verticem,” her empty head, Hor. C. 1, 18, 15: “pecunia,” unused, unproductive, Dig. 19, 5, 24; cf. ib. 16, 3, 28.
