(in composition sometimes sus- or sū-),
praep. with acc. and abl.
I.I. With abl., of position in space,
under, below, beneath, underneath, behind
: sub terrā habitare: cultrum sub veste abditum
habere, L.: sub pellibus hiemare, Cs.:
manet sub Iove frigido Venator, H.: sub hoc iugo dictator Aequos misit, L.: Pone (me) sub
curru Solis, H. —Under, below, beneath, at the foot of, at, by,
near, before: sub monte considere, Cs.: sub ipsis Numantiae moenibus: sub urbe, T.: Monte sub
aërio, at, i. e. high upon, V.: sub
ipsā acie, in the midst of the fight, V.: sub
ipso Ecce volat Diores, close upon him, V.: sub oculis
domini, Cs.—Under, burdened by, hampered by, bearing: sub armis, Cs.: sub onere,
Cs.—Of time, in, within, during, at, by, in the time of: ne
sub ipsā profectione milites oppidum inrumperent, Cs.: sub luce, at dawn, O.: sub luce
videri, by daylight, H.: hoc sub casu, while
suffering, V.: sub Domitiano, during the reign of,
Ta.—Fig., under, subject to, in the power of, governed by: sub regno esse: quoius sub imperiost, T.: sub illorum
dicione esse, Cs.: sub Hannibale, L.:
sub iudice lis est, H.: venibit sub
praecone Propontis, i. e. at auction.—Under, compelled by
(poet.): exhalans sub volnere vitam, O.: quem falsā sub
proditione Demisere neci, overwhelmed by, V.: in arma
nullo sub indice veni, forced by no betrayer, O.—Under,
concealed by, hidden in: sub hoc verbo furtum
latet.—Rarely with specie or condicione (for the abl.
alone): sub specie infidae pacis quieti, L.: sub tutelae
specie, Cu.: sub condicione, L.: sub condicionibus, L.—
II.II. With acc., of direction of motion,
under, below, beneath: cum se luna sub orbem solis subiecisset:
exercitum sub iugum mittere, Cs.: Ibis sub
furcam, H.—Under, below, beneath, to, near to, close to, up to,
towards: sub montem succedere, Cs.: missi sunt sub muros, L.: aedīs suas detulit
sub Veliam: (hostem) mediam ferit ense sub alvum, O.—Of time,
before, on the approach of, towards, about, just before, up to, until: sub noctem naves solvit, Cs.: sub tempus
(comitiorum) pueros ablegavit, L.: sub lumina
prima, H.: sub dies festos: Usque sub extremum brumae
imbrem, V.: quod (bellum) fuit sub recentem
pacem, L.—After, immediately after, following, just after,
immediately upon: sub eas (litteras) statim recitatae sunt tuae: sub
haec dicta omnes procubuerunt, L.: sub hoc,
hereupon, H.—Fig., under, into subjection to, into the power of: sub legum potestatem cadere: matrimonium vos sub legis vincula
conicitis, L.: sub unum fortunae ictum totas vires regni
cadere pati, Cu.: quae sub sensūs subiecta
sunt.—
III.III. In composition, sub is unchanged before vowels
and before b, d, h, i consonant, l, n, s, t, v. The b is often assimilated before m, r,
and usu. before c, f, g, p, but the form sus (for * subs, cf. abs) is found in
suscenseo, suscipio, suscito, suspendo, sustento, sustineo, sustollo, and sustuli
(perf. of tollo); the form su in the words suspicio, suspicor, suspiro.
It denotes, in place, under, beneath, as in subdo, subicio.—Fig., in rank or
power, under, inferior, as in subigo, subcenturio.—In degree, less, a little,
somewhat, as in subabsurdus, subaccuso.—Secretly, underhandedly, as in
subripio, suborno.