GORYA
GORYA (
Γώρυα,
Ptol. 7.1.43), the capital of the small district of Goryaea (
Γωρυαῖα, Ptol. 7.1.42), in the country at the foot of the
Hindu-Kush, to the N. of the
Panjáb, on the banks of the Suastus, one of the tributaries of the Cophes, or River of Cábul. The Suastus is, doubtless, the
Suvastu, or
Suwad (Lassen's
Karte v. Alt-Indien).
There is a manifest connection between this place and its territory and the Guraei and Guraeus, and there can be hardly any doubt that they refer to the same people and localities. In Arrian (4.25), Alexander crosses the Guraeus (
Γουπαῖος) with some difficulty, and passes through the country of the Guraei (
Γουπαῖοι), on his way to attack the Assaceni or Aspasii (
Açvaka.) Here the Suastus and Guraeus are probably the same, and, as Forbiger suggests, only other names for the Choaspes or
Khonár, one of the tributaries of the Cophes or
Cábul river from the north.
In another place, Arrian distinguishes the two rivers; stating that the Cophes flowed into Peucelaotis, carrying with it its tributaries, the Malamantus, Soastus, and Garoea (
Γαρόια, Arrian Ind. 4). In Lassen's Map appears a stream called the
Gauri, to the W. of the
Súvastú, which probably represents the position of this stream and people.
In the Mahábhárata are found Súvastú, Gâuri, and Campaná--rivers of this part of the country; the second is no doubt the Greek Guraeus. Pott suggests another derivation, which seems much less probable (
Etym. Forsch. p. xlvi.)
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