TE´NEA
TE´NEA (
Τενέα: Eth.
Τενεάτης), the most important place in the Corinthia after the city of Corinth and her port towns, was situated south of the capital, and at the distance of 60 stadia from the latter, according to Pausanias.
The southern gate of Corinth was called the Teneatic, from its leading to
[p. 2.1126]Tenea. Stephanus describes Tenea as lying between Corinth and Mycenae. (s. v.
Τενέα.) The Teneatae claimed descent from the inhabitants of Tenedos, who were brought over from Troy as prisoners, and settled by Agamemnon in this part of the Corinthia; and they said that it was in consequence of their Trojan origin that they worshipped Apollo above all the other gods. (
Paus. 2.5.4.) Strabo also mentions here the temple of Apollo Teneates, and says that Tenea and Tenedos had a common origin in Tennis, the son of Cycnus. (
Strab. viii. p.380.)
According to Dionysius, however, Tenea was of late foundation. (
Cic. Att. 6.2. 3) It was at Tenea that Oedipus was said to have passed his childhood.
It was also from this place that Archias took the greater number of the colonists with whom he founded Syracuse.
After the destruction of Corinth by Mummius, Tenea had the good fortune to continue undisturbed, because it is said to have assisted the Romans against Corinth. (Strab.
l.c.) We cannot, however, suppose that an insignificant place like Tenea could have acted in opposition to Corinth and the Achaean League; and it is more probable that the Teneatae were spared by Mummius in consequence of their pretended Trojan descent and consequent affinity with the Romans themselves. However this may be, their good fortune gave rise to the line:
εὐδαίμων ὁ Κόρινθος, ἐγώ δ᾽ εἴην Τενεάτης.
Tenea lay in the mountain valley through which flows the river that falls into the Corinthian gulf to the east of Corinth.
In this valley are three places at which vases and other antiquities have been discovered, namely, at the two villages of
Chilimódi and
Klénia, both on the road to Nauplia, and the latter at the very foot of the ancient road Contoporia [see Vol. I. p. 201b.], and at the village of
Athíki, an hour east of
Chilimódi, on the road to
Sophikó. In the fields of
Athíki there was found an ancient statue of Apollo, a striking confirmation of the prevalence of the worship of this god in the district. The Teneatae would therefore appear to have dwelt in scattered abodes at these three spots and in the intervening country; but the village of Tenea, properly so called, was probably at
Chilimódi, since the distance from this place to Corinth corresponds to the 60 stadia of Pausanias.
Since one of the passes from the Argeia into the Corinthia runs by
Klénia and
Chilimódi, there can be little doubt that it was by this road that Agesilaus marched from the Argeia to Corinth in B.C. 391. (
Xen. Hell. 4.5. 19) In the text of Xenophon the words are
ἐκεῖθεν ὑπερβαλὼν ἐς Κόρινθον, but
Τνέαν ought to be substituted for
Τεγέαν, since it is impossible to believe that Agesilaus could have marched from the Argeia to Corinth by way of Tegea. Moreover, we learn from Strabo (
viii. p.380) that the well-known name of Tegea was in other cases substituted for that of Tenea.
In the parallel passage of the
Agesilaus of Xenophon (2.17), the pass by Tenea is called
κατὰ τὰ στενὰ. (Leake,
Morea, vol. iii. p. 320,
Peloponnesiaca, p. 400; Curtius,
Peloponnesos, vol. 2.549, foll.)
