ἀνά , by apocope ἄν (ἀν), before
labials ἄμ (ἀμ): up, opp. κατά.—I. adv., ἄνα
(with anastrophe), hortative, up! quick!
Il. 18.178, Od. 18.13; up there, thereon,
μέλανες δ᾽ ἀνὰ βότρυες ἦσαν, Il. 18.562; back, ἀνά τ᾽ ἔδραὐ ὀπίσσω,
Il. 5.599, ἀνὰ
δ̓ ἴσχεο, ‘hold up,’
‘refrain,’ Il.
7.110. The use with verbs ‘in tmesi’ is
of course adverbial; likewise when a subst, occurs in a case that
defines the adv. (thus showing the transition to a true
preposition), ἂν δ᾽ ἄρα Τηλέμαχος νηὸς
βαῖνε (νηός local or part.
gen.), Od. 2.416.—II. prep.,
(1) w. gen., only ἀνὰ νηὸς ἔβην,
Od. 9.177, see the remark on Od. 2.416 above.—(2) w. dat.,
up on, upon, Il. 1.15, Il. 15.152,
ἀνά τ᾽ ἀλλήλῃσιν ἔχονται, hold on
(close up) ‘to’ one another, Od. 24.8.—(3) w. acc.,
up to, up through, Il. 10.466, Od.
22.132, Il. 22.452; of
motion, ἀνά generally denotes
vague direction (up and down, ‘up
through,’ ‘throughout’), ἐννῆμαρ μὲν ἀνὰ στρατὸν ὤχετο κῆλα
θεοῖο, Il. 1.53, whereas
κατά rather indicates motion toward a
definite point or end (Il. 1.483,
484); with the idea of motion less prominent, Il. 13.117, 270; of time, ἀνὰ νύκτα,
Il. 14.80;
βασιλῆας ἀνὰ στόμ᾽ ἔχων, ‘bandying their
names up and down,’ Il.
2.250
; ἀνὰ θυ_μὸν φρονεῖν, ὁρμαίνειν, θαμβεῖν,
ὀίεσθαι,
Il. 2.36, Od.
2.156, Od. 4.638; ἀν᾽ ι?θυ?ν, ‘straight
forward,’ Il. 21.303;
following the governed word, νειὸν
ἀν(ά), ‘up and
down’ the field, Od.
13.32.