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οὕτως: i.e. by self-control, and that discretion which carefully distinguishes the good from the bad, and cherishes it.

διαλέγεσθαι, διαλέγοντας: in the act. form, this verb means to pick out, select; διαλέγεσθαι is to converse, then, specifically, “to arrive at truth by discussion.” For the lofty estimate placed on ‘dialectic’ by Plato, cf. ἆρ᾽ οὖν δοκεῖ σοι, ἔφην ἐγώ, ὥσπερ θριγκὸς (a coping stone) τοῖς μαθήμασιν διαλεκτικὴ ἡμῖν ἐπάνω κεῖσθαι, καὶ οὐκέτ᾽ ἄλλο τούτου μάθημα ἀνωτέρω ὀρθῶς ἂν ἐπιτίθεσθαι, ἀλλ̓ ἔχειν ἤδη τέλος τὰ τῶν μαθημάτων; Ἔμοιγ̓, ἔφη Rep. 534 E.

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