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A private letter, dated Camp Defiance, Cairo, May 13, 1861, contains the following:--

Your blood would boil if you should witness what I have witnessed. Persons are daily arriving here who have been driven away from the South--some for expressing love of the Union, and others for saying that they did not wish to fight against us. Many such have been whipped, scourged, and treated with all manner of brutalities. One man, a Philadelphian, called upon Gen. Prentiss, and invited him to his room in the hotel, where lie exhibited the welts and wounds inflicted by those fiends of rebellion upon his person. The devils had not only beaten him black and blue, but had slashed his arms and body with their knives. He was the worst object I ever saw. This man was making collections in the South for a Philadelphia house, and such was the payment received from Southern creditors.

The game of the villains is about up here. Every traitor who makes his appearance is arrested. We have one dirty dog from Columbus, Ky., under arrest, who was one of the seventy-five who took turns in lashing a man because lie would not shout for Jeff: Davis's flag. Mr. Chivalry is very penitent, and he don't hear a pistol shot but he imagines it is for him. This beauty came here to see what the “damned abolitionists” were doing, and was recognized by the victim, who reached Cairo before. Victim wanted an even show with Chivalry at any kind of a fight, and said if lie did not kill him, he would submit to be hung the next minute. Chivalry did not want to fight — there were not odds enough — it was not seventy-five to one. If Gen. Prentiss had not arrested Chivalry, he would not have lived half an hour. He has been committed for future trial. Every boat brings hundreds of people flying North for safety. Such is tile state of terrorism in the cities and towns below us.

--Chicago (Ill.) Post, May 16.

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