headquarters, army of Northern Virginia, near
Frederick, September 8, 1862.
To the people of
Maryland: It is right that you should know the purpose that has brought the army under my command within the limits of your State, so far as that purpose concerns yourselves.
The people of the
Confederate States have long watched, with the deepest sympathy, the wrongs and outrages that have been inflicted upon the citizens of a Commonwealth allied to the States of the
South by the strongest social, political, and commercial ties, and reduced to the condition of a conquered province.
Under the pretense of supporting the
Constitution, but in violation of its most valuable provisions, your citizens have been arrested and imprisoned upon no charge, and contrary to the forms of law.
A faithful and manly protest against this outrage, made by a venerable and illustrious
Marylander, to whom in his better days no citizen appealed for right in vain, was treated with scorn and contempt.
The government of your chief city has been usurped by armed strangers; your Legislature has been dissolved by the unlawful arrest of its members; freedom of the press and of speech has been suppressed; words have been declared offenses by an arbitrary decree of the
Federal Executive; and citizens ordered to be tried by military commisions for what they may dare to speak.
Believing that the people of
Maryland possess a spirit too lofty to submit to such a Government, the people of the
South have long wished to aid you in throwing off this foreign yoke, to enable you again to enjoy the inalienable rights of freemen, and restore the independence and sovereignty of your State.
In obedience to this wish, our army has come among you, and is prepared to assist you with the power of its arms in regaining the rights of which you have been so unjustly despoiled.
This, citizens of
Maryland, is our mission, so far as you are concerned.
No restraint upon your free — will is intended; no intimidation will be allowed within the limits of this army at least.
Marylanders shall once more enjoy their ancient freedom of thought and speech.
We know no enemies among you, and will protect all of you in every opinion.
It is for you to decide your destiny freely and without constraint.
This army will respect your choice, whatever it may be; and while the
Southern people will
