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[159]

Chapter 7:

The ministers are advised to tax America by act of parliament.—Newcastle's administration.


1754-1755.

such was America, where the people was rapidly
chap VII.} 1754
becoming sovereign. It was the moment when the aristocracy of England, availing itself of the formulas of the Revolution of 1688, controlled the election of the House of Commons, and possessed the government.

To gain a seat in parliament, the Great Commoner himself1 was forced to solicit the nomination and patronage of the duke of Newcastle. On the death of Henry Pelham, in March, 1754, Newcastle, to the astonishment of all men, declaring he had been second minister long enough, placed himself at the head of the treasury;2 and desired Henry Fox,

1 Mr. Pitt to the duke of Newcastle, in Chatham Correspondence, i. 85, 86.

2 Orford's Memoires of the last Ten Years of the Reign of George Second, i. 331.

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