af prep
a.
1.
wdat 1 Of place:
2.
ff, from; G hljóp af hesti sínum, G jumped off his horse; ganga af mótinu, to go away from the meeting; Flosi kastaði af sér skikkjunni, threw off his cloak; Gizzur gekk af útsuðri at gerðinu, from the south-west; hann hafði leyst af sér skúa sína, he had taken off his shoes; Steinarr vildi slíta hann af sér, throw him off; tók Gísli þá af sér vápnin, took off his arms; bréf af Magnúsi konungi, a letter from king Magnus; land af landi, from one land to the other; hverr af öðrum, one after another, in succession; vil ek þú vinnir af þér skuldina, work off the debt; muntu enga sætt af mér fá, no peace at my hand; rísa af dauþa, to rise from the dead; vakna af draumi, to awaken from a dream ; lúka upp af hrossi, to open a gate from off a horse; vindr stóð af landi, the wind blew from the land;
3.
out of; verþa tekinn af heimi, to be taken out of the world; gruflar hón af læknum, she scrambles out of the brook; Otradalr var mjök af vegi, far out of the way, Connected with út; föstudaginn fór út herrinn af borginni, marched out of the town
b.
1.
Of time; past, beyond: af ómaga-aldri, able to support oneself, of age; ek em nú af 1éttasta skeiði, no longer in the prime of life; �á er sjau vikur eru af sumri, when seven weeks of summer are past; var mikit af nótt, much of the night was past
c.
1.
In various other relations:
2.
�iggja lið af e-m, to receive help from one; hafa umboð af e-m, to be another's deputy; vera góðs (ills) maklegr af e-m, to deserve good (bad) of one; féil par lið mart af Eyvindi, many of Eyvind's men fell there; �á eru þeir útlagir ok af goðorði sínu, have forfeited their 'goðorð'; �á skalt þú af allri fjárheimtunni, forfeit all the claim; ek skal stefna þér af konunni, summon thee to give up;
3.
off, of; höggva fót, hönd, af e-m, to cut off one's foot, hand; vil ek, at þú takir slíkt sem þér líkar af varningi, whatever you like of the stores; �ar lá forkr einn ok brotit af endanum, with the point broken off; absol, beit hann höndina af, bit the hand off; fauk af höfuðit, the head flew off;
4.
Of, among; hinn efniligasti maðr af ungum mönnum, the most promising of the young men;
5.
with; hláða, (ferma) skíp af e-u, to load (freight) a ship with; fylla heiminn afsinu kyni, to fill the world with his offspring;
6.
of ( =ór which is more frequent); húsit var gert af timbr stokkum, was built of trunks of trees;
7.
fig, eigi vita menn hvat af honum er orðit, what has become of him; hvat hefir þú gert af Gunnari, what hast thou done with Gunnar? ;
8.
denoting parentage, descent, origin ; ok eru af þeim komnir Gilsbekkingar, are descended from them; kominn af Trójumönnum, descended from the Trojans;
9.
by, of (after passive) ek em sendr hingat af Starkaði, sent hither by; ástsæll af landsmónnum, beloved of;
10.
on account of, by reason of, by; úbygðr at frosti ok kulda, because of frost and cold; ómáli af áverkum, speechless from wounds af ástæld hans, by his popularity; af því, therefore; af hví, wherefor why; af því at, because; (10) by means of, by; framf�ra e-n af verkum sínum, by means of his own labour; af sinu fé, by one's own means; absol, hann fek af hina mestu s�md, derived ,great honour from it; (11) with adjectives, in regard to; mildr af fé, liberal of money; góðr af griðum, merciful; fastr af drykk, close (stingy) in regard to drink; (12) used absol with a verb, off away; hann bað hann þá róa af fjörðinn, to row the firth off; ok er þeir höfðu af fjörðung, when they had covered one forth of the way, sofa af nóttina, to sleep the night away
