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23.
The Median war, the greatest achievement of
past times, yet found a speedy decision in two actions by sea and two by
land.
The Peloponnesian war was prolonged to an immense length, and long as it
was it was short without parallel for the misfortunes that it brought upon
Hellas.
[2]
Never had so many cities been taken and laid desolate, here by the
barbarians, here by the parties contending （the old inhabitants
being sometimes removed to make room for others）; never was there so much banishing and blood-shedding, now on the field of
battle, now in the strife of action.
[3]
Old stories of occurrences handed down by tradition, but scantily confirmed
by experience, suddenly ceased to be incredible; there were earthquakes of unparalleled extent and violence; eclipses of the sun occurred with a frequency unrecorded in previous
history; there were great droughts in sundry places and consequent famines, and that
most calamitous and awfully fatal visitation, the plague.
All this came upon them with the late war,
[4]
which was begun by the Athenians and Peloponnesians by the dissolution of
the thirty years' truce made after the conquest of Euboea.
[5]
To the question why they broke the treaty, I answer by placing first an
account of their grounds of complaint and points of difference, that no one
may ever have to ask the immediate cause which plunged the Hellenes into a
war of such magnitude.
[6]
The real cause I consider to be the one which was formally most kept out of
sight. The growth of the power of Athens, and the alarm which this inspired in
Lacedaemon, made war inevitable.
Still it is well to give the grounds alleged by either side, which led to
the dissolution of the treaty and the breaking out of the war.
Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910.
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References (54 total)
- Commentary references to this page
(14):
- Sir Richard C. Jebb, Commentary on Sophocles: Philoctetes, 197
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 3, 3.10
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 3, 3.89
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 6, 6.6
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER LII
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER LVIII
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER VI
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER LXXXV
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.14
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.26
- C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.44
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides Book 1, 1.18
- E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides Book 1, 1.96
- Sir Richard C. Jebb, Selections from the Attic Orators, 21
- Cross-references to this page
(10):
- Herbert Weir Smyth, A Greek Grammar for Colleges, SOME GRAMMATICAL AND RHETORICAL FIGURES
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 1.4.2
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 1.pos=2.2
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.1.1
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.1.2
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.5.2
- Raphael Kühner, Bernhard Gerth, Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache, KG 3.pos=7.6
- William Watson Goodwin, Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb, Chapter II
- Sir Richard C. Jebb, Selections from the Attic Orators, 21
- Smith's Bio, Pericles
- Cross-references in notes to this page
(3):
- Isocrates, On the Peace, Isoc. 8 86
- Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Thuc. 1.88
- Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Thuc. 3.87
- Cross-references in general dictionaries to this page
(27):
- LSJ, ἀφα^ν-ής
- LSJ, ἀληθ-ής
- LSJ, ἀναγκ-άζω
- LSJ, αὐχμός
- LSJ, βεβαι-όω
- LSJ, ἕτερος
- LSJ, ἔκλειψις
- LSJ, ἔργον
- LSJ, ἐπέχω
- LSJ, ἐρημ-όω
- LSJ, εἰμί
- LSJ, εἰς
- LSJ, φα^νερός
- LSJ, κρίσις
- LSJ, λοιμ-ώδης
- LSJ, λύω
- LSJ, μνημον-εύω
- LSJ, ὅστις
- LSJ, πα^ρά
- LSJ, πεζο-μα^χία
- LSJ, πρόφα^σ-ις
- LSJ, προγράφω
- LSJ, σεισμ-ός
- LSJ, σπα?́ν-ιος
- LSJ, συμφέρω
- LSJ, συνεπι-τίθημι
- LSJ, τρι^α_κοντα-έτης
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