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<TEI.2><text><body><div0 type="alphabetic letter" n="S" org="uniform" sample="complete"><entryFree id="n44335" type="main" key="simul" opt="n"><orth extent="full" lang="la" opt="n">sĭmŭl</orth> (ante-class. also <orth extent="full" lang="la" opt="n">sĕmŭl</orth>, <bibl n="Pl. Trin. prol. 97" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Trin. prol. p. 97</bibl> Ritschl; <sense id="n44335.0" n="I" level="1" opt="n"><xr opt="n"><lbl opt="n">v.</lbl> <ref type="sym" targOrder="U">infra</ref></xr>; and <orth extent="full" lang="la" opt="n">sĕ-mŏl</orth>, C. I. L. 1175 <hi rend="ital">fin.</hi>; cf. Lorenz ad <bibl n="Pl. Mos. 96" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Most. 96</bibl>; cf. also simitu. The final <hi rend="ital">l</hi> of simul was scarcely pronounced in the vulg. lang., and in comic poetry does not make position with an initial consonant following; v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, p. 643 sq.; Lorenz ad <bibl n="Pl. Ps. 567" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Ps. 567</bibl>), <pos opt="n">adv.</pos> <etym opt="n">Sanscr. sama-; Gr. <foreign lang="greek">ἅμα, ὅμος</foreign></etym>; cf. semel, = eodem tempore, unā, <hi rend="ital">at the same time</hi>, <hi rend="ital">together</hi>, <hi rend="ital">at once</hi>, <hi rend="ital">as soon as.</hi> </sense><sense id="n44335.1" n="I" level="1" opt="n"> Referring, as temporal adverb, to plural nouns of the same sentence, and representing persons or things as acting, happening, etc., simultaneously. </sense><sense id="n44335.2" n="1" level="3" opt="n"> After a <hi rend="ital">plural subject</hi>: <cit><quote lang="la">hunc ambo in saxo semul sedent ejecti,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Rud. prol. 72" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Rud. prol. 72</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">multa concurrunt simul,</quote> <bibl n="Ter. An. 3.2.31" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Ter.</author> And. 3, 2, 31</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">(duo homines) simul cenare voluerunt,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Inv. 2.4.14" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Inv. 2, 4, 14</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Zmyrnae cum simul essemus compluris dies,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Rep. 1.8.13" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Rep. 1, 8, 13</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">tres simul soles effulserunt,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 41.21" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 41, 21 <hi rend="ital">fin.</hi></bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">tria simul agmina populabantur Indos,</quote> <bibl n="Curt. 9.10.7" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 9, 10, 7</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">duo simul hujusmodi personae Ciceroni obstiterunt,</quote> <bibl n="Quint. Inst. 11.1.69" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Quint.</author> 11, 1, 69</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Othonem multa simul exstimulabant,</quote> <bibl n="Tac. Hist. 1.21" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Tac.</author> H. 1, 21</bibl></cit>; <bibl n="Cic. Fam. 9.1.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Fam. 9, 1, 2</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Att. 5.10.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Att. 5, 10, 5</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 21.33.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 21, 33, 3</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 41.2" default="NO" valid="yes">41, 2</bibl> <hi rend="ital">init.</hi>; <bibl n="Curt. 4.15.22" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 4, 15, 22</bibl>.—Sometimes the logical subject is understood: <cit><quote lang="la">multos modios salis simul (i. e. amicis) edendos esse,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Amic. 19.67" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Lael. 19, 67</bibl></cit>.—Sometimes both the subject and predicate are understood: <cit><quote lang="la">quare si simul (i. e. nos agere) placebit,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Fam. 5.19.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Fam. 5, 19, 2</bibl></cit>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.3" n="2" level="3" opt="n"> With a <hi rend="ital">plur. object</hi>: <cit><quote lang="la">(Alcumena) uno partu duos peperit semul,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Am. 5.2.8" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Am. 5, 2, 8</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">duas res simul nunc agere decretum'st mihi,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Mer. 1.1.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Merc. prol. 1</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">si duos consules simul ex Italiā ejectos ... res publica tenere potuisset,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Phil. 13.14.29" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Phil. 13, 14, 29</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">ambo cum simul conspicimus,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 40.46" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 40, 46 <hi rend="ital">init.</hi></bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul omnibus portis erupit,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 40.48" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 40, 48 <hi rend="ital">fin.</hi></bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl default="NO"><author>Auct. Her.</author> 3, 12, 22</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 8.37.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 8, 37, 5</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 21.60" default="NO" valid="yes">21, 60</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 40.30" default="NO" valid="yes">40, 30</bibl>; 42, 7; <bibl n="Curt. 5.9.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 5, 9, 1</bibl>; <bibl n="Quint. Inst. 10.1.76" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Quint.</author> 10, 1, 76</bibl>; <bibl n="Quint. Inst. 10.3.23" default="NO" valid="yes">10, 3, 23</bibl>; <bibl n="Quint. Inst. 10.7.16" default="NO" valid="yes">10, 7, 16</bibl>.—So with singular implying a plural: <cit><quote lang="la">tota (urbs) simul exsurgere aedificiis coepit,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 6.4.6" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 6, 4, 6</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">totam simul causam ponit ante oculos,</quote> <bibl n="Quint. Inst. 6.1.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Quint.</author> 6, 1, 1</bibl></cit>.—After an adverb. implying a plural noun: <cit><quote lang="la">igitur undique simul (i. e. ex omnibus locis simul) speculatores citi sese ostendunt,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 101.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sall.</author> J. 101, 1</bibl></cit>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.4" n="3" level="3" opt="n"> Referring<pb n="1703" /> <cb n="SIMU" />  to plural attributes: <cit><quote lang="la">omnium simul rerum ... discrimine proposito,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 6.35.6" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 6, 35, 6</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">multarum simul civitatium legati Romam convenerunt,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 43.6.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 43, 6, 1</bibl></cit>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.5" n="4" level="3" opt="n"> Referring to an attributive participle understood: <cit><quote lang="la">multitudo plurium simul gentium (= simul eodem loco versantium),</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 44.45" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 44, 45</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">trium simul bellorum victor (= eodem tempore gestorum),</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 6.4.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 6, 4, 1</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">inter duo simul bella,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 7.27.7" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 7, 27, 7</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">tot simul malis victi,</quote> <bibl n="Curt. 4.4.12" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 4, 4, 12</bibl></cit>.</sense><sense id="n44335.6" n="II" level="1" opt="n"> Referring to nouns, etc., connected by the preposition <hi rend="ital">cum</hi>: simul cum = unā cum (v. una, s. v. unus), <hi rend="ital">together with</hi>: <cit><quote lang="la">novi (illum) cum Calchā semul,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Men. 5.2.48" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Men. 5, 2, 48</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">jube in urbem veniat jam tecum semul,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Mos. 4.2.26" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Most. 4, 2, 26</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">qui ipsus equidem nunc primum istanc tecum conspicio semul?</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Am. 2.2.122" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Am. 2, 2, 122</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">me misisti ad portum cum luci semul,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. St. 2.2.40" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Stich. 2, 2, 40</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">quae (amicitia) incepta a parvis cum aetate adcrevit simul,</quote> <bibl n="Ter. An. 3.3.7" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Ter.</author> And. 3, 3, 7</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul consilium cum re amīsti?</quote> <bibl n="Ter. Eu. 2.2.10" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Eun. 2, 2, 10</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Critolaum simul cum Diogene venisse commemoras,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. de Orat. 2.38.100" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Or. 2, 38, 100</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Hortensius tecum simul pro Appio Claudio dixit,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Brut. 64.230" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Brut. 64, 230</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">cum corporibus simul animos interire,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Amic. 4.13" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Lael. 4, 13</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">vobiscum simul considerantis,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Rep. 1.46.70" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Rep. 1, 46, 70</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">testamentum Cyri simul obsignavi cum Clodio,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Mil. 18.48" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Mil. 18, 48</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul cum lege Aeliā magistratum iniit,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Att. 1.16.13" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Att. 1, 16, 13</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul cum lumine pandit,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Arat. 704" default="NO"><author>id.</author> Arat. 704</bibl></cit> (452): <cit><quote lang="la">simul cum moribus immutatur fortuna,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Cat. 2.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sall.</author> C. 2, 5</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">cum animā simul,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Cat. 33.4" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> ib. 33, 4</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul cum occasu solis,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 91.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> J. 91, 2</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul cum dono designavit templi finis,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 1.10.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 1, 10, 5</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">si (dictator) se (Fabium) simul cum gloriā rei gestae extinxisset,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 8.31.7" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 8, 31, 7</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">ut cresceret simul et neglegentia cum audaciā hosti,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 31.36.7" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 31, 36, 7</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Pl. Am. 2.2.136" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Am. 2, 2, 136</bibl>; <bibl n="Pl. Aul. 4.4.28" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Aul. 4, 4, 28</bibl>; <bibl n="Pl. Bac. 4.1.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Bacch. 4, 1, 5</bibl>; <bibl n="Pl. Cist. 4.2.105" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Cist. 4, 2, 105</bibl>; <bibl n="Pl. Epid. 1.1.39" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Ep. 1, 1, 39</bibl>; <bibl n="Pl. Men. prol." default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Men. prol. 27</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">2, 3, 54</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">5, 1, 36</bibl>; <bibl n="Pl. Mer. 2.1.31" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Merc. 2, 1, 31</bibl>; <bibl n="Pl. Mos. 1.2.17" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Most. 1, 2, 17</bibl>; <bibl default="NO"><author>Cic.</author> Ac. 1, 1, 13</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Tusc. 3.18.40" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Tusc. 3, 18, 40</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. de Orat. 2.33.142" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> de Or. 2, 33, 142</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">3, 3, 10</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Arch. 12.30" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Arch. 12, 30</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Sest. 22.50" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Sest. 22, 50</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Fam. 15.4.8" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Fam. 15, 4, 8</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 1.31.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 1, 31, 3</bibl>; <bibl n="Nep. Milt. 3.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Nep.</author> 3, 2</bibl>; <bibl n="Nep. Milt. 11.3" default="NO" valid="yes">11, 3</bibl>; <bibl n="Nep. Milt. 18.3" default="NO" valid="yes">18, 3</bibl>; 23, 6; <bibl n="Quint. Inst. 11.3.65" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Quint.</author> 11, 3, 65</bibl>; <bibl n="Hor. Epod. 1.8" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Hor.</author> Epod. 1, 8</bibl>; <bibl n="Hor. S. 1.1.58" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> S. 1, 1, 58</bibl>.—Strengthened by <hi rend="ital">una</hi>: <cit><quote lang="la">quippe omnes semul didicimus tecum unā,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Poen. 3.1.50" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Poen. 3, 1, 50</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Pl. Mos. 4.3.43" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Most. 4, 3, 43</bibl>.—With ellipsis of <hi rend="ital">mecum</hi>: <cit><quote lang="la">qui scribis morderi te interdum quod non simul sis,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Att. 6.2.8" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Att. 6, 2, 8</bibl></cit>.—Freq. cum eo (eis, etc.) must be supplied after simul, <hi rend="ital">likewise</hi>, <hi rend="ital">together with</hi> him, them, etc.: <cit><quote lang="la">in vigiliam quando ibat miles, tum tu ibas semul (i. e. cum eo)?</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Ps. 4.7.86" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Ps. 4, 7, 86</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">cum simul P. Rutilius venisset,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Rep. 1.11.17" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Rep. 1, 11, 17</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">hos qui simul erant missi, fallere,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. S. Rosc 38.110" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Rosc. Am. 38, 110</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">prae metu ne simul (i. e. cum iis) Romanus irrumperet,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 5.13.13" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 5, 13, 13</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">extra turbam ordinem conlocuntur semul (i. e. inter se),</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Am. 1.1.69" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Am. 1, 1, 69</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl default="NO"><author>id.</author> ib. 2, 2, 180</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Pis. 34.84" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Pis. 34, 84</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 6.11.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 6, 11, 5</bibl>; <bibl n="Curt. 8.13.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 8, 13, 3</bibl>.—Simul with <case opt="n">abl.</case> alone = cum with <case opt="n">abl.</case> (<usg type="style" opt="n">poet.</usg> and in post-Aug. prose; cf. Gr. <foreign lang="greek">ἅμα</foreign> with <case opt="n">dat.</case>): <cit><quote lang="la">simul his,</quote> <bibl n="Hor. S. 1.10.86" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Hor.</author> S. 1, 10, 86</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">quippe simul nobis habitat,</quote> <bibl n="Ov. Tr. 5.10.29" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Ov.</author> Tr. 5, 10, 29</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">his simul,</quote> <bibl n="Sil. Ital. 3.268" default="NO"><author>Sil.</author> 3, 268</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Magnetibus simul transmissi,</quote> <bibl n="Tac. Ann. 4.55" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Tac.</author> A. 4, 55</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">quindecimviri septemviris simul,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>id.</author> ib. 3, 64</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl default="NO"><author>id.</author> ib. 6, 9</bibl>; <bibl n="Sil. Ital. 5.418" default="NO"><author>Sil.</author> 5, 418</bibl>; <bibl n="Sen. Tro. 1049" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sen.</author> Troad. 1049</bibl>.</sense><sense id="n44335.7" n="III" level="1" opt="n"> Referring to a preceding adverb. clause, <hi rend="ital">at the same time</hi>, i.e. as that of the action described: <cit><quote lang="la">juris ubi dicitur dies, simul patronis dicitur,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Epid. 4.2.17" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Men. 4, 2, 17</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">quamquam ego vinum bibo, at mandata hau consuevi semul bibere una (= bibere quom vinum bibo, una cum vino),</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Per. 2.1.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Pers. 2, 1, 3</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">quando nihil sit (quod det), semul amare desinat,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Ps. 1.3.73" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Ps. 1, 3, 73</bibl></cit> Fleck.: <cit><quote lang="la">ubi res prolatae sunt, quom rus homines eunt, semul prolatae res sunt nostris dentibus,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Capt. 1.1.10" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Capt. 1, 1, 10</bibl></cit>; <bibl n="Pl. Ps. 4.7.84" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Ps. 4, 7, 84</bibl>; cf.: <cit><quote lang="la">domum numquam introibis, nisi feres pallam simul (i. e. cum introibis),</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Epid. 4.2.104" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Men. 4, 2, 104</bibl></cit>.</sense><sense id="n44335.8" n="IV" level="1" opt="n"> Referring to two or more co-ordinate terms or facts representing these as simultaneous, <hi rend="ital">and at the same time</hi>, <hi rend="ital">and also</hi>, <hi rend="ital">both ... and</hi> (<hi rend="ital">at once</hi>), <hi rend="ital">together.</hi> </sense><sense id="n44335.9" n="1" level="3" opt="n"> Referring to co-ordinate terms of the same sentence. </sense><sense id="n44335.10" n="a" level="4" opt="n"> Simul preceding all the coordinate terms which are connected by et, ac, atque, que, or by et ... et (freq. in the histt.): <cit><quote lang="la">semul flere sorbereque haud facile est,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Mos. 3.2.104" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Most. 3, 2, 104</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Q. Hortensi ingenium simul aspectum et probatum est,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Brut. 64.228" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Brut. 64, 228</bibl></cit>: Bomilcar, simul cupidus incepta patrandi, et timore socii anxius, <cb n="SIMU" /> <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 70.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sall.</author> J. 70, 5</bibl>: <cit><quote lang="la">dicenti lacrimae simul spiritum et vocem intercluserunt,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 40.16" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 40, 16 <hi rend="ital">init.</hi></bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">quae simul auxilio tribunicio et consensu plebis impediri coepta,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 6.27.9" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 6, 27, 9</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Lycios sub Rhodiorum simul imperio et tutelā esse,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 41.6" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 41, 6 <hi rend="ital">fin.</hi></bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Priverni qui simul a Fundanis ac Romanis defecerunt,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 8.19.11" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 8, 19, 11</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul divinae humanaeque spei pleni pugnam poscunt,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 10.40.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 10, 40, 1</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">eximio simul honoribus atque virtutibus,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 6.11.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 6, 11, 3</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">obruit animum simul luctus metusque,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 42.28" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 42, 28</bibl></cit>; <bibl n="Liv. 5.26.10" default="NO" valid="yes">5, 26, 10</bibl>; <bibl n="V. Max. 5.2.6" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Val. Max.</author> 5, 2, 6</bibl>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul ipsum Vitellium contemnebant metuebantque,</quote> <bibl n="Tac. Hist. 2.92" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Tac.</author> H. 2, 92</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Liv. 3.38.12" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 3, 38, 12</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 3.50.12" default="NO" valid="yes">3, 50, 12</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 5.7.3" default="NO" valid="yes">5, 7, 3</bibl>; 6, 18, 5; 6, 33, 9; 6, 40, 4; 9, 12, 4; 27, 51, 12; <bibl n="Caes. Gal. 7.48" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Caes.</author> B. G. 7, 48</bibl>; <bibl n="Curt. 5.4.30" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 5, 4, 30</bibl>; <bibl n="Sen. Nat. 2.54.2" default="NO"><author>Sen.</author> Q. N. 2, 54, 2</bibl>.—So with three or more co-ordinate terms, either all connected by et, <bibl n="Caes. Gal. 4.24.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Caes.</author> B. G. 4, 24, 2</bibl>; <bibl n="Quint. Inst. 1.12.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Quint.</author> 1, 12, 3</bibl>; <bibl n="Quint. Inst. 10.7.23" default="NO" valid="yes">10, 7, 23</bibl>; <cit><quote lang="la">or asyndetic: nunc simul res, fides, fama, virtus, decus deseruerunt,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Mos. 1.2.60" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Most. 1, 2, 60</bibl></cit>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.11" n="b" level="4" opt="n"> Simul after all the coordinate terms (mostly ante-class.): <cit><quote lang="la">nunc operam potestis ambo mihi dare et vobis simul,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Men. 5.9.40" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Men. 5, 9, 40</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">faxo et operam et vinum perdiderit simul,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Aul. 3.6.42" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Aul. 3, 6, 42</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">ut si quis sacrilegii et homicidii simul accusetur,</quote> <bibl n="Quint. Inst. 12.1.4" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Quint.</author> 12, 1, 4</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Pl. Capt. 3.5.92" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Capt. 3, 5, 92</bibl>; <bibl n="Pl. Men. 3.3.16" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Men. 3, 3, 16</bibl>; <bibl n="Mart. 11.58.10" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Mart.</author> 11, 58, 10</bibl>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.12" n="c" level="4" opt="n"> Simul after the first of the co-ordinate terms (so not in Cic.): <cit><quote lang="la">convenit regnum simul atque locos ut haberet,</quote> <bibl n="Naev. B.P. 1.6" default="NO"><author>Naev.</author> Bell. Pun. 1, 6</bibl></cit>, fr. 3: <cit><quote lang="la">oculis simul ac mente turbatum,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 7.26.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 7, 26, 5</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">quod ubi auditum simul visumque est,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 8.39.7" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 8, 39, 7</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">pulvere simul ac sudore perfusum,</quote> <bibl n="Curt. 3.5.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 3, 5, 2</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">terrestri simul navalique clade,</quote> <bibl n="Curt. 4.3.14" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 4, 3, 14</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">vota nuncupabantur simul et solvebantur,</quote> <bibl n="V. Max. 6.9" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Val. Max.</author> 6, 9</bibl></cit>, ext. 5: <cit><quote lang="la">qui ima simul ac summa foveret aequaliter,</quote> <bibl n="Sen. Ep. 90.25" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sen.</author> Ep. 90, 25</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Liv. 4.32.12" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 4, 32, 12</bibl>; <bibl n="Curt. 3.8.23" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 3, 8, 23</bibl>; <bibl n="Curt. 6.5.19" default="NO" valid="yes">6, 5, 19</bibl>; <bibl n="Curt. 8.5.1" default="NO" valid="yes">8, 5, 1</bibl>; <bibl n="Quint. Inst. 10.1.30" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Quint.</author> 10, 1, 30</bibl>.—In post-Aug. prose without any temporal idea, = <hi rend="ital">as well as</hi>: <cit><quote lang="la">populi Romani facta simul ac dicta memoratu digna ... deligere constitui,</quote> <bibl n="V. Max. 1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Val. Max.</author> 1</bibl></cit> prol.; so <bibl n="V. Max. 1.1.9" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 1, 1, 9</bibl>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.13" n="d" level="4" opt="n"> Placed before the last term. </sense><sense id="n44335.14" n="(a)" level="5" opt="n"> Simul et (= simul etiam), <hi rend="ital">and at the same time</hi>, <hi rend="ital">and also</hi>: <cit><quote lang="la">Jugurtha, postquam oppidum Capsam aliosque locos munitos, simul et magnam pecuniam amiserat,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 97.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sall.</author> J. 97, 1</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Marium fatigantem de profectione, simul et invisum et offensum,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 73.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> ib. 73, 2</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Marius hortandi causā, simul et nobilitatem exagitandi, contionem advocavit,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 84.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> ib. 84, 5</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">milites modesto imperio habiti, simul et locupletes,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 92.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> ib. 92, 2</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Perseus cum adventu consulis, simul et veris principio strepere omnia cerneret,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 44.34" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 44, 34 <hi rend="ital">fin.</hi></bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Hor. Carm. 1.20.6" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Hor.</author> C. 1, 20, 6</bibl>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.15" n="(b)" level="5" opt="n"> Simulque (rare): <cit><quote lang="la">ut (materia) fragilis incumberet, simulque terra umore diluta,</quote> <bibl n="Curt. 8.10.25" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 8, 10, 25</bibl></cit>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.16" n="(g)" level="5" opt="n"> Simul, without any conjunction (so in Cic., but only <usg type="style" opt="n">poet.</usg>): <cit><quote lang="la">Neptuno grates habeo et tempestatibus, semul Mercurio qui, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. St. 3.1.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Stich. 3, 1, 3</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Electra Stereopeque, simul sanctissima Maja,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Arat. 270" default="NO"><author>Cic.</author> Arat. 270</bibl></cit> (36): <cit><quote lang="la">inter solis iter, simul inter flamina venti,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>id.</author> ib. 342</bibl></cit> (101): <cit><quote lang="la">ambiguus consilii, num Dyrrhachium pedite atque equite, simul longis navibus mare clauderet,</quote> <bibl n="Tac. Hist. 2.83" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Tac.</author> H. 2, 83</bibl></cit>. —</sense><sense id="n44335.17" n="e" level="4" opt="n"> Inserted in the last term (<usg type="style" opt="n">poet.</usg>): <cit><quote lang="la">memor Actae non alio rege puertiae, Mutataeque simul togae,</quote> <bibl n="Hor. Carm. 1.36.9" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Hor.</author> C. 1, 36, 9</bibl></cit>; <cit><quote lang="la">interea Maecenas advenit atque Coccejus, Capitoque simul Fontejus,</quote> <bibl n="Hor. S. 1.5.32" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> S. 1, 5, 32</bibl></cit>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.18" n="2" level="3" opt="n"> Referring to two or more co-ordinate clauses or sentences. </sense><sense id="n44335.19" n="a" level="4" opt="n"> Et simul or simulque: <cit><quote lang="la">contundam facta Talthybi, contem namque omnes nuntios, semulque cursuram meditabor ad ludos Olympios,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. St. 2.1.34" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Stich. 2, 1, 34</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">eamus, et de istac simul consilium volo capere una tecum,</quote> <trans opt="n">i. e. <tr opt="n">while going</tr>,</trans> <bibl n="Ter. Eu. 3.5.65" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Ter.</author> Eun. 3, 5, 65</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">quod ... et simul quia,</quote> <bibl n="Lucr. 5.1181" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Lucr.</author> 5, 1181</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">ratio Ecquaenam fuerit origo ... et simul ecquae sit finis, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Lucr. 5.1213" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 5, 1213</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">sed iidem illi ita mecum loquuntur ... et simul admonent quiddam quod cavebimus, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Phil. 1.11.28" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Phil. 1, 11, 28</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">ex tuis litteris cognovi festinationem tuam, et simul sum admiratus cur, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Fam. 7.8.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Fam. 7, 8, 1</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">emergit Nixi caput, et simul effert sese clara Fides et, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Arat. 713" default="NO"><author>id.</author> Arat. 713</bibl></cit> (460): <cit><quote lang="la">postquam Rutilium consedisse accepit, simulque ex Jugurthae proelio clamorem augeri,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 52.6" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sall.</author> J. 52, 6</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">equites ex equis desiliunt, simulque et hosti se opponunt, et animos peditum accendunt,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 3.62.8" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 3, 62, 8</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">tum rigere omnibus corpora ... et simul lassitudine et ... fame etiam deficere,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 21.54.9" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 21, 54, 9</bibl></cit>; <bibl n="Liv. 41.3" default="NO" valid="yes">41, 3</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Arat. 504" default="NO"><author>Cic.</author> Arat. 504</bibl> (259); 545 (299); <bibl n="Curt. 4.2.21" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 4, 2, 21</bibl>; Quint. <cb n="SIMU" /> 2, 5, 13.—</sense><sense id="n44335.20" n="b" level="4" opt="n"> Simul with autem or enim, introducing the second sentence: <cit><quote lang="la">salve! simul autem vale!</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Mer. 5.1.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Merc. 5, 1, 1</bibl></cit>: augeamus sane suspicionem tuam; <cit><quote lang="la">simul enim augebimus diligentiam,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>Cic.</author> Marc. 7, 22</bibl></cit>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.21" n="c" level="4" opt="n"> Simul preceding co-ordinate sentences, generally connected by et ... et, but also by a single copulative conjunction: <cit><quote lang="la">simul enim et rei publicae consules, et propones ei exempla ad imitandum,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Phil. 10.2.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Phil. 10, 2, 5</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">illa autem altera ratio quae simul et opinionem falsam tollit, et aegritudinem detrahit,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Tusc. 4.28.60" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Tusc. 4, 28, 60</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul et inopiam frumenti lenire, et ignaris omnibus parare,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 91.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sall.</author> J. 91, 1</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">nullus portus erat qui simul et omnīs onerarias caperet, et tecta legionibus praeberet,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 32.18.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 32, 18, 3</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul et cohors invasit, et ex omnibus oppidi partibus ... concurrerunt,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 32.24.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 32, 24, 3</bibl></cit>: simul Metelli imagines dereptae, et missi qui Antonio nuntiarent. <bibl n="Tac. Hist. 3.13" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Tac.</author> H. 3, 13</bibl>; cf. <bibl n="Suet. Jul. 57" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Suet.</author> Caes. 57</bibl>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.22" n="3" level="3" opt="n"> Referring to co-ordinate clauses introduced by subordinating conjunctions: <cit><quote lang="la">Mnesilochum ut requiram atque ut eum mecum ad te adducam semul,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Bac. 3.5.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Bacch. 3, 5, 2</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">tantum faciam ut notam apponam ... et simul significem, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Fam. 13.6.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Fam. 13, 6, 2</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">quod eo liberius ad te seribo, quia nostrae laudi favisti, simulque quod video non novitati esse invisum meae,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>id.</author> ib. 1, 7, 8</bibl></cit>; 7, 10, 3.—If used in connecting dependent clauses, simul often stands for a co-ordinating conjunction; v. VI. infra.</sense><sense id="n44335.23" n="V" level="1" opt="n"> Introducing an independent sentence, <hi rend="ital">at the same time</hi>, <hi rend="ital">also</hi>, <hi rend="ital">likewise</hi> (cf.: itaque, igitur, deinde, tum, etc.). </sense><sense id="n44335.24" n="1" level="3" opt="n"> Simul alone: <cit><quote lang="la">ego Tiresiam consulam quid faciundum censeat: semul hanc rem ut facta est eloquar,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Am. 5.1.77" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Am. 5, 1, 77</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">sequimini! simul circumspicite ne quis adsit arbiter,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. Mil. 4.4.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Mil. 4, 4, 1</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">alterum ipse efficiam ut attente audiatis. Simul illud oro: si, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Phil. 2.5.10" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Phil. 2, 5, 10</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">hoc proprium virtutis existimant ... simul hoc se fore tutiores arbitrantur,</quote> <bibl n="Caes. Gal. 6.23" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Caes.</author> B. G. 6, 23</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Valerio Samnitium legiones occurrunt ... simul in Campanos stimulabat ira,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 7.32.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 7, 32, 3</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">tibi (Apollo) decimam partem praedae voveo. Te simul, Juno, precor ut, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 5.21.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 5, 21, 3</bibl></cit>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.25" n="2" level="3" opt="n"> More freq. simul et (= etiam): <cit><quote lang="la">quia videbitur Magis verisimile id esse ... simul et conficiam facilius ego quod volo,</quote> <bibl n="Ter. Hau. 4.5.55" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Ter.</author> Heaut. 4, 5, 55</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">nolite committere ut in re tam inveteratā quidquam novi sentiatis. Simul et illa omnia ante oculos vestros proponite, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Balb. 28.65" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Balb. 28, 65</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">demonstravi haec Caecilio. Simul et illud ostendi, me ei satisfacturum,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Att. 1.1.4" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Att. 1, 1, 4</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">legati jam reverterant ... simul venerant et ab rege Perseo oratores qui, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 41.19" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 41, 19 <hi rend="ital">med.</hi></bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">ipse ad Sycurium progressus, opperiri ibi hostium adventum statuit. Simul et frumentari passim exercitum jubet,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 42.54" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 42, 54 <hi rend="ital">fin.</hi></bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Pl. St. 5.5.14" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> Stich. 5, 5, 14</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. de Orat. 2.85.349" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Or. 2, 85, 349</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Q. fr. 1.1.12" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Q. Fr. 1, 1, 12, § 34</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Prov. 15.36" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Prov. Cons. 15, 36</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Balb. 25.56" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Balb. 25, 56</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Arat. 618" default="NO"><author>id.</author> Arat. 618</bibl> (372); 628 (382); 707 (454); 721 (468); <bibl n="Caes. Gal. 1.19" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Caes.</author> B. G. 1, 19</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">6, 8</bibl>; <bibl n="Sal. Cat. 30.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sall.</author> C. 30, 2</bibl>; <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 100.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> J. 100, 3</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 8.9.13" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 8, 9, 13</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 8.32.5" default="NO" valid="yes">8, 32, 5</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 10.3.2" default="NO" valid="yes">10, 3, 2</bibl>; 40, 32; 4, 49, 3; <bibl n="Tac. Hist. 1.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Tac.</author> H. 1, 1</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">1, 52</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">2, 53</bibl>; 3, 15; 3, 18; 3, 20; 3, 29; 3, 42; 3, 82.</sense><sense id="n44335.26" n="VI" level="1" opt="n"> Simul itself stands as co-ordinating conjunction, to connect dependent clauses represented as contemporaneous, <hi rend="ital">and at the same time</hi>, <hi rend="ital">and also</hi> (not ante-class.; rare in Cic.; <cit><quote lang="la">freq. in the histt.): ei Verres possessionem negat se daturum, ne posset patronum suum juvare, simul ut esset poena quod, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Ver. 2.1.124" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 124</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">omnes vocat ad diripiendos Eburones, ut potius Gallorum vita quam legionarius miles periclitetur, simul ut ... pro tali facinore stirps et nomen civitatis tollatur,</quote> <bibl n="Caes. Gal. 6.34" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Caes.</author> B. G. 6, 34</bibl></cit>: quippe foedum hominem a republicā procul esse volebat; <cit><quote lang="la">simul quia boni complures praesidium in eo putabant,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Cat. 19.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sall.</author> C. 19, 2</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">cujus de virtute, quia multi dixere, praetereundum puto, simul ne per insolentiam quis existumet memet studium meum laudando extollere,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 4.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> J. 4, 2</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">nihil horum ... discere cum cerneret posse, simul et tirocinio et perturbatione juvenis moveretur, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 39.47" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 39, 47</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">a sermone Graeco puerum incipere malo, quia Latinum vel nobis nolentibus perhibet, simul quia disciplinis quoque Graecis prius instruendus est,</quote> <bibl n="Quint. Inst. 1.1.12" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Quint.</author> 1, 1, 12</bibl></cit>; <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 20.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sall.</author> J. 20, 1</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 39.33.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 39, 33, 1</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 8.6.11" default="NO" valid="yes">8, 6, 11</bibl>; <bibl n="Caes. Civ. 43.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Caes.</author> B. C. 43, 2</bibl>; <bibl n="Sal. Cat. 20.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sall.</author> C. 20, 3</bibl>; <bibl n="Sal. Cat. 56.5" default="NO" valid="yes">56, 5</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 3.50.10" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 3, 50, 10</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 40.36" default="NO" valid="yes">40, 36</bibl> <hi rend="ital">init.</hi>; <bibl n="Tac. Hist. 1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Tac.</author> H. 1</bibl>, <pb n="1704" /> <cb n="SIMU" /> 70; <cit><quote lang="la">2, 15.—So, connecting participial expressions or adverbial phrases with dependent clauses: his amicis confisus Catilina, simul quod aes alienum ingens erat, et quod ... opprimendae reipublicae consilium cepit,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Cat. 16.4" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Sall.</author> C. 16, 4</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">hi, quod res in invidiā erat, simul et ab Numidis obsecrati,</quote> <bibl n="Sal. Jug. 25.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> J. 25, 5</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">ob eam iram, simul ut praeda militem aleret, duo milia peditum ... populari agrum jussit,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 21.52.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 21, 52, 5</bibl></cit>; <bibl n="Liv. 3.66.3" default="NO" valid="yes">3, 66, 3</bibl>: <cit><quote lang="la">equites praemisit speculatum, simul ut ignem exstinguerent,</quote> <bibl n="Curt. 4.10.11" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 4, 10, 11</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Otho, quamquam turbidis rebus, etc., simul reputans non posse, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Tac. Hist. 1.83" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Tac.</author> H. 1, 83 <hi rend="ital">init.</hi></bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">committere igitur eum (locum) non fidelissimis sociis noluit, simul quod ab illā parte urbis navibus aditus ex alto est,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Ver. 2.5.84" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Verr. 2, 5, 32, § 84</bibl></cit>; <bibl n="Liv. 9.2.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 9, 2, 5</bibl>; <bibl n="Tac. Hist. 1.70" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Tac.</author> H. 1, 70 <hi rend="ital">fin.</hi></bibl>; <bibl default="NO">2, 28</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">2, 30</bibl>.</sense><sense id="n44335.27" n="VII" level="1" opt="n"> Simul. as co-ordinating conjunction, is frequently placed before each of the co-ordinate terms (simul ... simul = <foreign lang="greek">ἅμα μὲν ... ἅμα δέ</foreign>), <hi rend="ital">partly ... partly; not only ... but at the same time</hi> (not anteAug.). </sense><sense id="n44335.28" n="1" level="3" opt="n"> With independent clauses: <cit><quote lang="la">simul castra oppugnabantur, simul pars exercitūs ad populandum agrum Romanum missa,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 3.5.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 3, 5, 2</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">accolas Hannibal simul perlicit ad naves fabricandas, simul et ipsi traici exercitum cupiebant,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 21.26.7" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 21, 26, 7</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">ab his simul custodes trucidari coepti, simul datum signum armatis ut ex insidiis concurrerent,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 9.25.8" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 9, 25, 8</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul gratias agit, simul gratulatur quod, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Curt. 6.7.15" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 6, 7, 15</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Verg. A. 1.631" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Verg.</author> A. 1, 631 sq.</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">2, 220</bibl> sqq.; 12, 268; <bibl n="Liv. 1.9.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 1, 9, 5</bibl>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.29" n="2" level="3" opt="n"> With dependent clauses: <cit><quote lang="la">venit ad quaerendum, simul quod non deducerent praesidia, simul quod in Bithyniam auxilia missi forent,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 39.46" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 39, 46 <hi rend="ital">fin.</hi></bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Perseus cum audisset, simul Meliboeam a consulis exercitu oppugnari, simul classem Iolci stare,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 44.13" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 44, 13 <hi rend="ital">init.</hi></bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">consul ad Phylan ducit, simul ut praesidium firmaret, simul ut militi frumentum divideret,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 44.8.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 44, 8, 1</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul questi ... simul nuntiantes,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 42.46" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 42, 46</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">plus quam imponebatur oneris recepi, simul ut pleniore obsequio demererer amantissimos mei, simul ne ... alienis vestigiis insisterem, Quint. prooem. 3.—Rarely connecting a dependent clause with an independent sentence: Athenas ierant, simul ut pro legatione praemio esset honos, simul peritos legum peregrinarum ad condenda nova jura usui fore credebant,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 3.35.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 3, 35, 5</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Verg. A. 12.758" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Verg.</author> A. 12, 758</bibl>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.30" n="3" level="3" opt="n"> Co-ordinating dependent clauses with adverbial phrases: <cit><quote lang="la">Germani frequenter in castra venerunt, simul sui purgandi causā, simul ut de induciis impetrarent,</quote> <bibl n="Caes. Gal. 4.13" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Caes.</author> B. G. 4, 13</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Philippus, simul ne ocio miles deterior fieret, simul avertendae suspicionis causā ... in Maedicam ducere pergit,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 40.21.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 40, 21, 1</bibl></cit>. —</sense><sense id="n44335.31" n="4" level="3" opt="n"> Connecting single nouns or phrases belonging to the same predicate: <cit><quote lang="la">cum simul fragor rupti pontis, simul clamor Romanorum impetum sustinuit,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 2.10.10" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 2, 10, 10</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">ad se simul legatos, simul milites missos,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 42.52" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 42, 52 <hi rend="ital">med.</hi></bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">et Romae simul dilectu, simul tributo conferendo laboratum est,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 5.10.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 5, 10, 3</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">increpando simul temeritatem, simul ignaviam,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 2.65.4" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 2, 65, 4</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">tum vero si mul ab hostibus, simul ab iniquitate loco rum Poeni oppugnabantur,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 21.33.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 21, 33, 5</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">inter simul complorationem feminarum, simul nefandam caedem,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 41.11" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 41, 11</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul a mari, simul a terrā ingredienti,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 44.12" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 44, 12 <hi rend="ital">med.</hi></bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Tac. Ann. 1.49" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Tac.</author> A. 1, 49</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">14, 40</bibl>; <bibl n="Tac. Ag. 25" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Agr. 25</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">36</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">41</bibl>; <bibl n="Verg. G. 3.201" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Verg.</author> G. 3, 201</bibl>; <bibl n="Verg. A. 1.513" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> A. 1, 513</bibl>; <bibl n="Hor. S. 2.2.73" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Hor.</author> S. 2, 2, 73</bibl>.</sense><sense id="n44335.32" n="VIII" level="1" opt="n"> Simul, in connection with <hi rend="ital">ac</hi>, <hi rend="ital">atque</hi> (also written in one word, <orth extent="full" lang="la" opt="n">sĭmŭlac</orth>, <orth type="alt" extent="full" lang="la" opt="n">sĭmŭlatque</orth>), rarely with <hi rend="ital">ut</hi>, and very rarely with <hi rend="ital">et</hi>, is used as subordinating, temporal conjunction, <hi rend="ital">as soon as.</hi> For simulac, etc., simul alone is freq. </sense><sense id="n44335.33" n="1" level="3" opt="n"> Simul ac: simul ac lacrimas de ore noegeo (i. e. candido) detersit, Liv. And. ap. <bibl n="Fest. p. 174" default="NO"><author>Fest.</author> p. 174</bibl> Müll.: <cit><quote lang="la">Demenaetum simul ac conspexero hodie,</quote> <bibl n="Pl. As. 2.4.73" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Plaut.</author> As. 2, 4, 73</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">non simul ac se ipse commovit, sensit quid intersit,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>Cic.</author> Ac. 2, 16, 51</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">si simul ac procul conspexit armatos, recessisset,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>id.</author> Caecil. 16, 46</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">dicebam, simul ac timere desisses, similem te futurum tui,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Phil. 2.35.89" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Phil. 2, 35, 89</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">Alcibiades, simul ac se remiserat, dissolutus reperiebatur,</quote> <bibl n="Nep. Alc. 1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Nep.</author> Alcib. 1</bibl></cit>. 4: <cit><quote lang="la">at mihi plaudo Ipse domi, simul ac nummos contemplor in arcā,</quote> <bibl n="Hor. S. 1.1.67" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Hor.</author> S. 1, 1, 67</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Cic. N.D. 1.38.108" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> N. D. 1, 38, 108</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Fam. 15.16.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Fam. 15, 16, 2</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Planc. 41.98" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Planc. 41, 98</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Phil. 4.1.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Phil. 4, 1, 1</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Ver. 2.2.46" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Verr. 2, 2, 19, § 46</bibl>; id. <cb n="SIMU" /> Or. 2, 27, 117; <bibl n="Verg. A. 4.90" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Verg.</author> A. 4, 90</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">12, 222</bibl>; <bibl n="Ov. Met. 2.167" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Ov.</author> M. 2, 167</bibl>; <bibl n="Hor. S. 1.2.33" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Hor.</author> S. 1, 2, 33</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">1, 4, 119</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">1, 8, 21</bibl>.—Strengthened by <hi rend="ital">primum</hi> (= ut primum): <cit><quote lang="la">simul ac primum ei occasio visa est, quaestor consulem deseruit,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Ver. 2.1.34" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Verr. 2, 1, 13, § 34</bibl></cit>; so <bibl default="NO"><author>id.</author> ib. 2, 1, 52</bibl>, § 138; <bibl n="Cic. Phil. 4.1.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Phil. 4, 1, 1</bibl>; <bibl n="Suet. Jul. 30" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Suet.</author> Caes. 30</bibl>; <bibl n="Suet. Nero 43" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Ner. 43</bibl>.— </sense><sense id="n44335.34" n="2" level="3" opt="n"> Simul atque: <cit><quote lang="la">L. Clodius, simul atque introductus est, rem conficit,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Clu. 14.40" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Clu. 14, 40</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul atque increpuit suspicio tumultus, artes ilico nostrae conticescunt,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Mur. 10.22" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Mur. 10, 22</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul atque audivit ejus interitum, suo Marte res suas recuperavit,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Phil. 2.37.95" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Phil. 2, 37, 95</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul atque enim se infiexit hic rex in dominatum injustiorem, fit continuo tyrannus,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Rep. 2.26.49" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Rep. 2, 26, 49</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul atque sibi hic adnuisset, numeraturum se dicebat,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>id.</author> Quint. 5, 18</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">qui, simul atque in oppidum venerat, inmittebantur illi continuo Cibyratici canes,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Ver. 2.4.47" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Verr. 2, 4, 21, § 47</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul atque de Caesaris adventu cognitum est,</quote> <bibl n="Caes. Gal. 5.3.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Caes.</author> B. G. 5, 3, 3</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Cic. Planc. 41.98" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Planc. 41, 98</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Phil. 8.10.31" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Phil. 8, 10, 31</bibl>; <bibl n="Suet. Jul. 29" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Suet.</author> Caes. 29</bibl>; <bibl n="Suet. Gal. 7" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Galb. 7</bibl>.—</sense><sense id="n44335.35" n="3" level="3" opt="n"> Simul ut (v. Madv. ad <bibl n="Cic. Fin. 2.11.33" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Fin. 2, 11, 33</bibl>): <cit><quote lang="la">simul ut experrecti sumus, visa illa contemnimus,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>Cic.</author> Ac. 2, 16, 51</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul ut accepi a Seleuco litteras tuas, statim quaesivi, etc.,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Fam. 6.18.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Fam. 6, 18, 1</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">nostros omnia consequi potuisse, simul ut velle coepissent,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Tusc. 4.2.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Tusc. 4, 2, 5</bibl></cit>; <bibl n="Cic. Q. fr. 2.5.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Q. Fr. 2, 5, 3</bibl> (6, 2): <cit><quote lang="la">simul ut, qui sint professi, videro, dicam,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Planc. 6.14" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Planc. 6, 14</bibl></cit>; <bibl n="Cic. Att. 10.4.12" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Att. 10, 4, 12</bibl>: <cit><quote lang="la">nam simul ut supero se totum lumine Cancer extulit, extemplo cedit delapsa Corona,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Arat. 596" default="NO"><author>id.</author> Arat. 596</bibl></cit> (349).—</sense><sense id="n44335.36" n="4" level="3" opt="n"> Simul et: <cit><quote lang="la">simul et quid erit certi, scribam ad te,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Att. 2.20.2" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Att. 2, 20, 2</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">ego ad te statim habebo quod scribam, simul et videro Curionem,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>id.</author> ib. 10, 4, 12</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">quam accepi simul et in Cumanum veni,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>id.</author> ib. 10, 16, 4</bibl></cit>; 16, 11, 6; <bibl n="Cic. Q. fr. 2.6.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Q. Fr. 2, 6, 3</bibl>. In all these passages the Cod. Med. has simul et, which the editors variously changed into simulatque, simulac, simul ut, simul; so, <cit><quote lang="la">omne animal simul et ortum est, se ipsum diligit,</quote> <bibl n="Cic. Fin. 2.11.33" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Fin. 2, 11, 33</bibl></cit>, where the vulg. has simul ut, and Madv. reads simul [et] ortum.—</sense><sense id="n44335.37" n="5" level="3" opt="n"> Simul ubi: <cit><quote lang="la">quod simul ubi conspexit, equites emisit,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 4.18.7" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 4, 18, 7</bibl></cit> dub. Weissenb. ad loc.—</sense><sense id="n44335.38" n="6" level="3" opt="n"> Simul alone, = simul atque: <cit><quote lang="la">simul herbae inceperint nasci,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>Cato</author>, R. R. 48</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">hic simul argentum repperit, curā sese expedivit,</quote> <bibl n="Ter. Ph. 5.4.4" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Ter.</author> Phorm. 5, 4, 4</bibl></cit>: simul limen intrabo, illi extrabunt illico, Afran. ap. <bibl default="NO"><author>Non.</author> 104, 21</bibl> (Com. Rel. v. 5 Rib.): <cit><quote lang="la">simul inflavit tibicen, a perito carmen agnoscitur,</quote> <bibl default="NO"><author>Cic.</author> Ac. 2, 27, 86</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">nostri, simul in arido constiterunt, in hostes impetum fecerunt,</quote> <bibl n="Caes. Gal. 4.26" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Caes.</author> B. G. 4, 26 <hi rend="ital">fin.</hi></bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul increpuere arma, hostis pedem rettulit,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 6.24.1" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 6, 24, 1</bibl></cit>; cf. <bibl n="Cic. Tusc. 4.6.12" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Cic.</author> Tusc. 4, 6, 12</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Fin. 3.6.21" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> Fin. 3, 6, 21</bibl>; <bibl n="Cic. Arat. 594" default="NO"><author>id.</author> Arat. 594</bibl> (349); <bibl n="Caes. Civ. 1.30.3" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Caes.</author> B. C. 1, 30, 3</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 3.62.6" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 3, 62, 6</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 4.18.6" default="NO" valid="yes">4, 18, 6</bibl>; <bibl n="Liv. 4.31.5" default="NO" valid="yes">4, 31, 5</bibl>; 4, 32, 6; 5, 25, 11; 8, 32, 2; 21, 55, 9; 44, 8 <hi rend="ital">med.</hi>; 44, 19; 44, 44 <hi rend="ital">fin.</hi>; <bibl n="Curt. 3.11.4" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Curt.</author> 3, 11, 4</bibl>; <bibl n="Phaed. 3.16.16" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Phaedr.</author> 3, 16, 16</bibl>; <bibl n="Hor. Carm. 1.12.27" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Hor.</author> C. 1, 12, 27</bibl>; <bibl default="NO">3, 4, 37</bibl>; <bibl n="Verg. G. 4.232" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Verg.</author> G. 4, 232</bibl>; <bibl n="Ov. Fast. 1.567" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Ov.</author> F. 1, 567</bibl>.—Strengthened by <hi rend="ital">primum</hi>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul primum magistratio abiit, dicta dies est,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 6.1.6" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Liv.</author> 6, 1, 6</bibl></cit>: <cit><quote lang="la">simul primum anni tempus navigabile praebuisset mare,</quote> <bibl n="Liv. 35.44.5" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>id.</author> 35, 44, 5</bibl></cit> Weissenb. ad loc.; <bibl n="Suet. Jul. 30" default="NO" valid="yes"><author>Suet.</author> Caes. 30</bibl>.</sense></entryFree></div0></body></text></TEI.2>